47 ud af 47 tidsskrifter valgt, søgeord (covid) valgt, emner højest 180 dage gamle, sorteret efter nyeste først.
1298 emner vises.
801
The Belt Parkway
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 1.12.2023
Tilføjet 1.12.2023
My father was on the phone (Figure). “It\'s not as bad as they say,” he said. “I can beat this thing.” He was in New York, and I was in California. He lived on the border of Nassau and Queens near the worst struck areas of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Residents thought they had suffered through the worst with no power for weeks after Hurricane Sandy, but something worse was coming. Since my father was 79 years old with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, he had isolated since the first days of the outbreak and managed to avoid infection until January 2021. Despite precautions, he was exposed to someone who had COVID-19 in his home. As a hospital-based infectious diseases physician, I had received my first vaccine a few weeks prior and avoided infection up to then, whether by luck or adherence to social distancing and masking. Even though I knew better, I thought maybe he was right; he could beat this thing. I couldn’t go there since he was infectious. Moreover, I was working, and getting on a plane seemed hazardous.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
802
Effects of entecavir and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate on the incidence and severity of COVID-19 in patients with chronic hepatitis B
BMC Infectious Diseases, 1.12.2023
Tilføjet 1.12.2023
Abstract Background Whether different anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) drugs have different effects on COVID-19 is controversial. We aimed to evaluate the incidence of COVID-19 in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients receiving anti-HBV treatment, and to compare the impact of entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) on the severity of COVID-19. Methods CHB outpatients were enrolled from December 2022 to February 2023. Questionnaires were used to collect whether subjects were currently or previously had COVID-19 within the past 2 months, and the information of symptoms, duration, and severity if infected. Results Six hundred thirty CHB patients were enrolled, 64.3% (405/630) patients were currently or previously had COVID-19. No COVID-19 patient required hospitalization, intensive care unit admission, oxygen support or died. Majority of patients reported mild (32.8% [133/405]) and moderate (48.1% [195/405]) symptoms. After propensity score matching, 400 matched patients were obtained (ETV: 238; TDF: 162), among which the incidences of COVID-19 were comparable between ETV and TDF-treated patients (60.1% [143/238] vs. 64.2% [104/162], p = 0.468). The proportion of patients complicated with any symptom caused by COVID-19 were also similar (ETV vs. TDF: 90.9% [130/143] vs. 91.3% [95/104], p = 1.000). In addition, the severity of overall symptom was comparable between ETV and TDF-treated patients, in terms of proportion of patients complicated with severe symptom (9.8% vs. 8.7%, p = 0.989), symptom duration (4.3 vs. 4.3 days, p = 0.927), and symptom severity score (4.1 vs. 4.0, p = 0.758). Subgroup analysis supported these results. Conclusions During the current pandemic, the vast majority of CHB patients experienced non-severe COVID-19, and ETV and TDF did not affect COVID-19 severity differently.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
803
Correction: An Intelligent Framework to Measure the Effects of COVID-19 on the Mental Health of Medical Staff
The PLOS ONE Staff
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 30.11.2023
Tilføjet 30.11.2023
804
Experiencing the COVID-19 pandemic as a homeless person in Chennai, India: An interpretative phenomenological analysis
Laalithya Konduru, Nishant Das
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 30.11.2023
Tilføjet 30.11.2023
by Laalithya Konduru, Nishant Das Persons experiencing homelessness (PEHs) have a higher risk of morbidity and mortality compared to the general population and are highly vulnerable during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Understanding their experience of the pandemic is important for mitigating the effects of the pandemic. Accordingly, we conducted a qualitative study on their lived experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Semi-structured interviews were conducted in nine PEHs from Chennai, India, recruited at food stalls between September 14–25, 2020. Data were analyzed using interpretive phenomenological analysis. The participants shared their experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic, its impact on them, and their coping strategies. All the participants were migrant workers living alone, and were the sole breadwinners of their families. Five group experiential themes emerged relating to the experiences of the participants during the COVID-19 pandemic. Most participants reported significant psychosocial stress, but low suicide risk and robust coping mechanisms. They delayed seeking healthcare for non-COVID-19-related problems. Public hospitals were preferred over private hospitals due to cost constraints and prior experience of discrimination. Upward classism was observed as participants blamed the rich for the spread of COVID-19. Initial assumption that COVID-19 would only affect the rich was also reported. Free government testing and quarantine facilities assuaged their medico-psychosocial needs. Engaging in collective activities was a key stress mitigator. We highlight several important policy implications. Firstly, we underscore the importance of involving social workers to facilitate communication between healthcare providers and patients from vulnerable communities. This engagement can help minimize discrimination and promote equitable access to healthcare. Secondly, we emphasize the need for effective public health communication. Specifically, there is a need to address and alleviate concerns about the transmission of COVID-19 within hospital premises. Lastly, the research suggests that government initiatives aimed at fostering community participation should persist both during and after the pandemic.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
805
Pre–Covid-19, SARS-CoV-2–Negative Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children
Sarah Benezech, Liliane Khoryati, Jade Cognard, Stejara A. Netea, Taushif Khan, Marion Moreews, Kahina Saker, Jean-Marie De Guillebon, Samira Khaldi-Plassart, Rémi Pescarmona, Sebastien Viel, Christophe Malcus, Magali Perret, Meriadeg Ar Gouilh, Astrid Vabret, Fabienne Venet, Solenn Remy, Emilie Chopin, Gérard Lina, François Vandenesch, Noëmi Rousseaux, Paul Bastard, Shen-Ying Zhang, Jean-Laurent Casanova, Sophie Trouillet-Assant, Thierry Walzer, Taco W. Kuijpers, Etienne Javouhey, Olivier Dauwalder, Nico Marr, Alexandre Belot
New England Journal of Medicine, 30.11.2023
Tilføjet 30.11.2023
806
Mortality among persons with HIV in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-level analysis
Viguerie, Alex; Song, Ruiguang; Bosh, Karin; Lyles, Cynthia M.; Farnham, Paul G.
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 30.11.2023
Tilføjet 30.11.2023
Background: Whether the COVID-19 pandemic has had a disproportionate impact on mortality among persons with diagnosed HIV (PWDH) in United States is unclear. Through our macro-scale analysis, we seek to better understand how the COVID-19 pandemic affected mortality among PWDH. Methods: We obtained mortality and population data for the years 2018-2020 from the National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) for the U.S. PWDH population, and from publicly available data for the general population. We computed mortality rates and excess mortality for both the general and PWDH populations. Stratifications by age, race/ethnicity, and sex were considered. For each group, we determined whether the 2020 mortality rates and mortality risk ratio showed a statistically significant change from 2018-2019. Results. Approximately 1550 excess deaths occurred among PWDH in 2020, with Black, Hispanic/Latino and PWDH 55 and older comprising the majority of excess deaths. Mortality rates increased in 2020 from 2018-2019 across the general population in all groups. Among PWDH, mortality rates either increased, or showed no statistically significant change. These increases were similar to, or smaller than, those observed in the general population, resulting in a 7.7% decrease in the mortality risk ratio between PWDH and the general population. Conclusions: While mortality rates among PWDH increased in 2020 relative to 2018-2019, the increases were smaller, or of similar magnitude, to those observed in the general population. We thus do not find evidence of elevated mortality risk from the COVID-19 pandemic among PWDH. These findings held across subpopulations stratified by age, sex, and racial/ethnic group. Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
807
Re: ‘Vagus nerve dysfunction in the post-COVID-19 condition’ by Lladós et al.
Josef Finsterer
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 30.11.2023
Tilføjet 30.11.2023
We read with interest Llados et al’s. article on a cross-sectional pilot study on the 10th cranial nerve (10CN) and phrenic nerve (PN) function and morphology in 30 patients with post-COVID condition (PCC), conducted between September 2021 and March 2022 [1]. To test the function and morphology of these two nerves, several tests were performed [1]. It was found that PCC patients had a higher frequency of 10CN thickening and hyperechogenicity, decreased esophagogastric peristalsis, gastroesophageal reflux, hiatal hernia, flattened hemidiaphragm, and decreased peak inspiratory pressure compared to controls [1].
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
808
[News] New licences for the COVID-19 Technology Access Pool
Priya Venkatesan
The Lancet Microbe, 30.11.2023
Tilføjet 30.11.2023
In recognition of the need to pool global resources to fight the pandemic, in March 2020, the government of Costa Rica reached out to WHO requesting the formation of a global repository of intellectual property for technologies to detect, prevent, control, and treat COVID-19. Thus, the COVID-19 Technology Access Pool (C-TAP) was launched in May 2020 by WHO and the government of Costa Rica, with the support of 44 WHO Member States, the UN, UNAIDS, the Medicines Patent Pool, and other partners, in response to a worldwide solidarity call to action.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
809
[Articles] Performance of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid amplification testing in Austria as measured by external quality assessment schemes during 3 years of the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational retrospective study
Christoph Buchta, Stephan W Aberle, Franz Allerberger, Bernhard Benka, Irene Görzer, Andrea Griesmacher, Wolfgang Hübl, Wolfgang Huf, Stylianos Kapiotis, Mathias M Müller, Erich Neuwirth, Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stöckl, Lukas Weseslindtner, Jeremy V Camp
The Lancet Microbe, 30.11.2023
Tilføjet 30.11.2023
High rates of false-negativity in all PCR analyses evaluated in comprehensive, multiple, and repeated EQA schemes outline a clear path for improvement in the future. The performance of some laboratories (eg, non-medical laboratories or those using non-automated test systems) should receive additional scrutiny—for example, by requiring additional EQA schemes for certification or accreditation—if the aggregated data from EQA rounds suggest lower sensitivity than that recorded by others. This strategy will provide assurances that epidemiological data as a whole are reliable when testing on such a large scale.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
810
The long-term impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on financial insecurity in vulnerable families: Findings from the Born in Bradford Covid-19 longitudinal study
Sian Reece, Josie Dickerson, Brian Kelly, Rosemary R. C. McEachan, Kate E. Pickett
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
by Sian Reece, Josie Dickerson, Brian Kelly, Rosemary R. C. McEachan, Kate E. Pickett There is growing recognition that the public health measures employed to control the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic had unintended consequences on socioeconomic security and health inequalities, having the greatest impact on the most vulnerable groups. This longitudinal study aims to explore the medium to long-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent public health measures on financial security for families living in the deprived and ethnically diverse city of Bradford. We collected data at four time points before and during the pandemic from mothers who participated in one of two prospective birth cohort studies in Bradford. The findings demonstrate that the risk of experiencing financial insecurity rose sharply during the pandemic and has not returned to pre-COVID-19 baseline levels. Several individual characteristics were found to be possible predictors of financial insecurity, including homeowner status, free school meal eligibility and not working. Protective factors against financial insecurity include: living in more affluent areas; greater levels of educational attainment; and families with two or more adults in the household. Notably, families of Pakistani Heritage were found to have the greatest risk of experiencing financial insecurity throughout the pandemic. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that there were strong associations between financial insecurity and maternal health and wellbeing outcomes, with mothers experiencing financial insecurity being more likely to report unsatisfactory general health and clinically important symptoms of depression and anxiety. The findings of this study highlight that the impact of financial insecurity experienced by mothers and their families throughout the pandemic was severe, wide ranging and affected the most vulnerable. In the wake of the pandemic, the emerging cost of living and energy crisis emphasises the urgent need for policy makers to act to support vulnerable families to prevent further widening of existing health and social inequalities.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
811
Durability of cross-neutralizing antibodies 5.5 months after bivalent COVID-19 booster
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
AbstractWe analyzed neutralizing antibodies in samples from ancestral+BA.1 and ancestral+BA.4/5 boosted individuals, collected around 5.5 months after booster. Titers of neutralizing antibodies generally decreased compared to a time point early after the bivalent booster immunization. This was more pronounced for individuals without infection history and for recently emerged omicron variants.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
812
Neutrophil virucidal activity against SARS-CoV-2 is mediated by NETs
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
AbstractBackgroundThe inflammation in the lungs and other vital organs in COVID-19 are characterized by the presence of neutrophils and high concentration of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), which also seems to mediate host tissue damage. However, it is not known whether NETs could have virucidal activity against SARS-CoV-2.MethodsWe investigated whether NETs could prevent SARS-CoV-2 replication in neutrophils and epithelial cells, and what the consequence of NETs degradation in K18-humanized ACE2 transgenic mice infected with SARS-CoV-2.ResultsHere, by immunofluorescence microscopy we observed that viral particles co-localize with NETs in neutrophils isolated from COVID-19 patients or from healthy individuals and infected in vitro. The inhibition of NETs production increased virus replication in neutrophils. In parallel, we observed that NETs inhibited virus abilities to infect and replicate in epithelial cells after 24 h of infection. Degradation of NETs with DNase I prevented their virucidal effect in vitro. Using K18-humanized ACE2 transgenic mice we observed a higher viral load in animals treated with DNase I. On the other hand, the virucidal effect of NETs was not dependent on neutrophil elastase or myeloperoxidase activity.ConclusionOur results provide evidence of the role of NETosis as a mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 viral capture and inhibition.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
813
Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in US Nursing Homes
Journal of the American Medical Association, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
To the Editor A recent Research Letter examined COVID-19 treatment rates in US nursing homes from May 31, 2021, through December 25, 2022, and found that only 1 in 4 nursing home residents with COVID-19 had been treated with antiviral treatments and that more than 40% of nursing homes reported never administering any oral antiviral or monoclonal antibody treatment in the 19-month study window. As a practicing nursing home attending physician and medical director, I wish to elaborate on some of the barriers to treatment in nursing homes to highlight policy changes that could improve treatment rates in future pandemics.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
814
Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in US Nursing Homes—Reply
Journal of the American Medical Association, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
In Reply Dr Bergman highlights a number of important potential barriers to COVID-19 antiviral treatment use in nursing homes, including rapidly evolving guidelines concerning the use of monoclonal antibodies, insufficient supply of recommended monoclonal antibodies, and high staffing needs to administer monoclonal antibodies intravenously. These factors likely contributed to the low antiviral treatment rates observed in our study, when monoclonal antibodies were the only treatment available.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
815
Convalescent Plasma Lowered Risk of Death in COVID-19 ARDS
Journal of the American Medical Association, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
Patients with COVID-19–induced acute respiratory distress syndrome, or ARDS, who were treated with convalescent plasma from recovered donors between September 2020 through March 2022 had a lower risk of death at about 1 month compared with those who received standard care, according to results from 475 participants, almost all of whom were also treated with glucocorticoids. About 35% of participants in the treatment group died by day 28 compared with 45% in the standard-care group.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
816
Changes in symptoms and characteristics of COVID-19 patients across different variants: two years study using neural network analysis
BMC Infectious Diseases, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
Abstract Background Considering the fact that COVID-19 has undergone various changes over time, its symptoms have also varied. The aim of this study is to describe and compare the changes in personal characteristics, symptoms, and underlying conditions of individuals infected with different strains of COVID-19. Methods This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 46,747 patients who underwent PCR testing during a two-year period from February 22, 2020 to February 23, 2022, in South Khorasan province, Iran. Patient characteristics and symptoms were extracted based on self-report and the information system. The data were analyzed using logistic regression and artificial neural network approaches. The R software was used for analysis and a significance level of 0.05 was considered for the tests. Results Among the 46,747 cases analyzed, 23,239 (49.7%) were male, and the mean age was 51.48 ± 21.41 years. There was a significant difference in symptoms among different variants of the disease (p
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
817
Changes in symptoms and characteristics of COVID-19 patients across different variants: two years study using neural network analysis
BMC Infectious Diseases, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
Abstract Background Considering the fact that COVID-19 has undergone various changes over time, its symptoms have also varied. The aim of this study is to describe and compare the changes in personal characteristics, symptoms, and underlying conditions of individuals infected with different strains of COVID-19. Methods This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 46,747 patients who underwent PCR testing during a two-year period from February 22, 2020 to February 23, 2022, in South Khorasan province, Iran. Patient characteristics and symptoms were extracted based on self-report and the information system. The data were analyzed using logistic regression and artificial neural network approaches. The R software was used for analysis and a significance level of 0.05 was considered for the tests. Results Among the 46,747 cases analyzed, 23,239 (49.7%) were male, and the mean age was 51.48 ± 21.41 years. There was a significant difference in symptoms among different variants of the disease (p
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
818
Changes in symptoms and characteristics of COVID-19 patients across different variants: two years study using neural network analysis
BMC Infectious Diseases, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
Abstract Background Considering the fact that COVID-19 has undergone various changes over time, its symptoms have also varied. The aim of this study is to describe and compare the changes in personal characteristics, symptoms, and underlying conditions of individuals infected with different strains of COVID-19. Methods This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 46,747 patients who underwent PCR testing during a two-year period from February 22, 2020 to February 23, 2022, in South Khorasan province, Iran. Patient characteristics and symptoms were extracted based on self-report and the information system. The data were analyzed using logistic regression and artificial neural network approaches. The R software was used for analysis and a significance level of 0.05 was considered for the tests. Results Among the 46,747 cases analyzed, 23,239 (49.7%) were male, and the mean age was 51.48 ± 21.41 years. There was a significant difference in symptoms among different variants of the disease (p
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
819
Vaccination, immunity, and the changing impact of COVID-19 on infant health
Florencia TorcheJenna NoblesaDepartment of Sociology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305bDepartment of Sociology, Center for Demography and Ecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
820
The impact of COVID-19 on a college freshman sample reveals genetic and nongenetic forms of susceptibility and resilience to stress
Cortney A. TurnerHuzefa KhalilVirginia Murphy-WeinbergMegan H. HagenauerLinda GatesYu TangLauren WeinbergRobert GryskoLeonor Floran-GardunoThomas DokasCatherine SamaniegoZhuo ZhaoYu FangSrijan SenJuan F. LopezStanley J. WatsonHuda AkilaMichigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109bDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109cDepartment of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
821
Correction: Protection provided by vaccination, booster doses and previous infection against covid-19 infection, hospitalisation or death over time in Czechia
The PLOS ONE Staff
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
822
Perceptions of individuals regarding barriers to participation in a pulmonary rehabilitation program after hospitalization due to COVID-19: A qualitative study
Rafaella Rabelo Polato, Cristino Carneiro Oliveira, Yuri Augusto de Sousa Miranda, Leandro Ferracini Cabral, Carla Malaguti, Anderson José
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
by Rafaella Rabelo Polato, Cristino Carneiro Oliveira, Yuri Augusto de Sousa Miranda, Leandro Ferracini Cabral, Carla Malaguti, Anderson José Introduction Several individuals with post-COVID-19 syndrome referred for pulmonary rehabilitation did not participate. This study aimed to explore individuals’ barriers to participating in posthospitalization COVID-19 rehabilitation. Materials and methods This was a qualitative, multicenter study performed using semistructured interviews. This study included 20 individuals hospitalized for COVID-19 who refused to participate in a pulmonary rehabilitation program at a university hospital. Results Individuals reported difficulties accessing the rehabilitation center, mainly due to distance, transport costs and conditions, and lack of companions. Health problems (e.g., surgeries, pain, and mobility difficulties) and lack of time due to work, commuting, and household work were also reported. Another reported theme was not perceiving the need for rehabilitation due to feeling well. Minor themes included the need for more information about rehabilitation and a lack of interest, motivation, and medical encouragement. Conclusion Individuals hospitalized for COVID-19 faced several barriers to participating in a pulmonary rehabilitation program. These barriers included difficulties in accessing the rehabilitation center, health problems, lack of time, and the perception that rehabilitation was unnecessary. There is a need for actions to overcome these barriers to make the program available to a larger number of individuals.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
823
Clinical efficacy of inhaled corticosteroids in patients with coronavirus disease 2019: A living review and meta-analysis
Su-Yeon Yu, Miyoung Choi, Seungeun Ryoo, Chelim Cheong, Kyungmin Huh, Young Kyung Yoon, Su Jin Jeong
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
by Su-Yeon Yu, Miyoung Choi, Seungeun Ryoo, Chelim Cheong, Kyungmin Huh, Young Kyung Yoon, Su Jin Jeong Inhaled corticosteroids are known to be relatively safe for long-term use in inflammatory respiratory diseases and it has been repurposed as one of the potential therapies for outpatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, inhaled corticosteroids have not been accepted for COVID-19 as a standard therapy because of its lack of proven benefits. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids in patients with COVID-19. Randomized controlled trials comparing the efficacy of inhaled corticosteroid treatment in patients with COVID-19 were identified through literature electronic database searches up to March 10, 2023. Meta-analyses were conducted for predefined outcomes, and the certainty of evidence was graded using the grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation approach. Overall, seven trials (eight articles) were included in this systematic review. Compared with usual care, inhaled corticosteroids was associated with significantly improved clinical recovery at 7 and 14 days in patients with COVID-19. In subgroup analysis, only budesonide showed significant efficacy in clinical recovery, whereas no significant benefit was observed for ciclesonide. Moreover, inhaled corticosteroids use was not significantly associated with all-cause hospitalization, all-cause mortality, admission to intensive care unit, or the use of mechanical ventilation. Our systematic review used evidence with very low to moderate certainty. Although based on limited evidence, our results suggest that inhaled corticosteroids treatment, especially budesonide, improves the clinical recovery of patients with COVID-19. More trials and meta-analyses are needed to assess the efficacy of inhaled corticosteroids for COVID-19 treatment.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
824
Mental health status of pregnant women during COVID-19 in healthcare centers of Iran: A cross-sectional study
Masoumeh Sayahi, Maryam Nikbina, Azam Jahangirimehr, Barat Barati
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
by Masoumeh Sayahi, Maryam Nikbina, Azam Jahangirimehr, Barat Barati Background and objective The COVID-19 pandemic impacted every single aspect of life. In addition to being a public health emergency, the COVID-19 outbreak impacted the mental health of individuals, especially pregnant women. This study aimed to examine the mental health status of pregnant women and also the effect of sociodemographic factors on their mental health status during COVID-19 in healthcare centers of Iran. Methods This cross-sectional, analytical-descriptive study was conducted among pregnant women referring to healthcare centers in Shoushtar, Iran, in 2021. Multistage cluster sampling was used to select participants. Data were collected using the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28). Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to examine the association between quantitative variables. A generalized linear model (GLM) was applied to estimate the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable (mental health). Results A total of 197 participants with a mean ± SD age of 27.85 ± 6.37 years took part in this study. The total mean score of mental health was estimated at 17.47±8.20. The highest mean ± SD score was, respectively, related to social dysfunction (6.63 ± 2.86), anxiety and insomnia (5.28 ± 3.53), and somatic symptoms (4.17 ± 3.27). Mental health disorder was significantly correlated with participants’ age (R = .223, P = .00), number of pregnancy (gravida) (R = .272, P = .00), number of births (para) (R = 0.272, P = .00), and number of abortions (R = .172, P = .015). About 80% of pregnant women did not reveal impaired mental health conditions or psychological distress, while 19.3% showed scores that indicate probable mental health conditions. Conclusion Social dysfunction was the most common mental health problem among pregnant women. It is necessary to pay more attention to the mental health status of pregnant women during a pandemic. Interventions such as practical strategies to promote social support and improve pregnant women’s mental health during pregnancy are highly important.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
825
The handheld fan for chronic breathlessness: Clinicians’ experiences and views of implementation in clinical practice
Joshua Brown, Isobel Miller, Matilda Barnes-Harris, Miriam J. Johnson, Mark Pearson, Tim Luckett, Flavia Swan
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
by Joshua Brown, Isobel Miller, Matilda Barnes-Harris, Miriam J. Johnson, Mark Pearson, Tim Luckett, Flavia Swan Introduction The handheld fan (‘fan’) is useful for chronic breathlessness management, however little is known about clinicians’ implementation of the fan in clinical practice. Aim To explore clinicians’ experiences and views of fan implementation. Methods A qualitative approach, using semi-structured interviews. Participants were purposively sampled from clinicians who had completed an on-line fan implementation survey and were willing to participate. A topic guide was developed using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). Data were analysed using an inductive approach informed by the TDF. Findings Twelve clinicians participated (doctors n = 4; nurses n = 4; allied health professionals n = 4) from respiratory and palliative care. Analysis generated three major themes: i) Clinician knowledge and skills in fan implementation, ii) environmental constraints on fan use and iii) clinician beliefs about the consequences of fan use.Implementation by clinicians was positively influenced by having a scientific rationale for fan use presented (mechanism of action). Clinicians believed that the fan relieved breathlessness and did not carry a significant infection risk. Opportunity for fan use varied across healthcare settings; key environmental influences were COVID-19 restrictions, lack of access to resources and funding to provide fans, particularly in acute and respiratory services. Clinicians commonly encountered scepticism among patients and colleagues who felt the fan was an implausible intervention for breathlessness. Conclusion Implementation of the fan is motivated by clinician beliefs about patient-benefit, a scientific rationale to counter clinician and patient scepticism, and access to fans in clinic. Funding to allow patients to be supplied with and taught how to use a fan would support uptake. Research is needed to address concerns about infection risk.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
826
Virological characteristics and the rapid antigen test as deisolation criteria in immunocompromised patients with COVID‐19: A prospective cohort study
Sung‐Woon Kang, Jun‐Won Kim, Ji Yeun Kim, So Yun Lim, Choi‐Young Jang, Euijin Chang, Jeong‐Sun Yang, Kyung‐Chang Kim, Hee‐Chang Jang, Dasol Kim, Younmin Shin, Joo‐Yeon Lee, Sung‐Han Kim
Journal of Medical Virology, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
827
Resurgence of influenza during COVID‐19 in Chongqing, China: A retrospective analysis
Zhourong Li, Yu Xiong, Jiang Long, Tingting Li, Xiaoqing Fu, Shuang Yang, Dechao Tian, Yong Zhao, Li Qi
Journal of Medical Virology, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
828
High sera levels of SARS‐CoV‐2 N antigen are associated with death in hospitalized COVID‐19 patients
Houssem Redha Chenane, Guillaume Lingas, Reyene Menidjel, Cédric Laouenan, Sarah Tubiana, Diane Descamps, Quentin Le Hingrat, Laurent Abel, Jérémie Guedj, Surbhi Malhotra, Samir Kumar‐Singh, Benoit Visseaux, Jade Ghosn, Charlotte Charpentier, Samuel Lebourgeois, the French COVID Cohort Study Group
Journal of Medical Virology, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
829
Acne and COVID‐19 susceptibility, hospitalization, and severity: A genetic correlation study
Rui Mao, Zhihua Fan, Meihui He, Ji Li
Journal of Medical Virology, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
830
Characteristics of hematological parameters on admission in COVID-19 Omicron variant infected in Chinese population: a large-scale retrospective study
BMC Infectious Diseases, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
Abstract Background The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2, currently the most prevalent strain, has rapidly spread in Jingzhou, China, due to changes in the country’s epidemic prevention policy, resulting in an unprecedented increase in cases. Previous studies reported hematological parameters’ predictive value in COVID-19 severity and prognosis, but their relevance for early diagnosis in patients infected by the Omicron variant, particularly in high-risk pneumonia cases, remains unclear. Our study aimed to evaluate these parameters as early warning indicators for Omicron-infected patients in fever clinics and those with pulmonary infections (PI). Methods A total of 2,021 COVID-19 patients admitted to the fever clinic and infectious disease department of Jingzhou Hospital Affiliated to Yangtze University from November 1, 2022, to December 31, 2022, were retrospectively recruited. Demographic and hematological parameters were obtained from the electronic medical records of eligible patients. These hematological parameters were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves to determine whether they can be used for early diagnosis of COVID-19 patients in fever clinics and the presence of PI in COVID-19 patients. Results Statistical differences in hematological parameters were observed between COVID-19 patients with fever and PI and control groups (P
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
831
[News] COVID-19—an infectious disease in the top five causes of death in Australia
Tony Kirby
Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
The last time that an infectious disease ranked in the top five causes of death in Australia was in 1970 (influenza and pneumonia combined). However, COVID-19, after being successfully kept under control when Australia closed borders between 2020 and 2021, has surged into the top three causes of death in 2022. There were 9859 deaths due to COVID-19 registered in Australia in 2022, and the infection was mentioned as a contributing factor on a further 2782 death certificates. Ischaemic heart disease (19 858 deaths) and dementia, including Alzheimer\'s disease (17 106 deaths), were the only top two causes of death above COVID-19.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
832
[Articles] Intravenous ravulizumab in mechanically ventilated patients hospitalised with severe COVID-19: a phase 3, multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled trial
Djillali Annane, Sean J Pittock, Hrishikesh S Kulkarni, Brian W Pickering, Matt R Khoshnevis, Jason L Siegel, Charles A Powell, Pedro Castro, Tomoko Fujii, Derek Dunn, Keisha Smith, Sanjay Mitter, Shamsah Kazani, Austin Kulasekararaj
Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
Addition of ravulizumab to BSC did not improve survival or other secondary outcomes. Safety findings were consistent with the known safety profile of ravulizumab in its approved indications. Despite the lack of efficacy, the study adds value for future research into complement therapeutics in critical illnesses by showing that C5 inhibition can be accomplished in severely ill patients.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
833
[Articles] Efficacy and safety of baricitinib or ravulizumab in adult patients with severe COVID-19 (TACTIC-R): a randomised, parallel-arm, open-label, phase 4 trial
Frances C Hall, Joseph Cheriyan, Andrew P Cope, James Galloway, Ian Wilkinson, Simon Bond, Sam Norton, Edward Banham-Hall, Hannah Bayes, Michalis Kostapanos, Marianna Nodale, William G Petchey, Thomas Sheeran, Jonathan Underwood, David R Jayne, TACTIC-R Investigators Group
Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
Neither baricitinib nor ravulizumab, as administered in this study, was effective in reducing disease severity in patients selected for severe COVID-19. Safety was similar between treatments and standard of care. The short period of dosing with baricitinib might explain the discrepancy between our findings and those of other trials. The therapeutic potential of targeting complement C5 activation product C5a, rather than the cleavage of C5, warrants further evaluation.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
834
[Articles] Safety and efficacy of the intranasal spray SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dNS1-RBD: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial
Fengcai Zhu, Shoujie Huang, Xiaohui Liu, Qi Chen, Chunlan Zhuang, Hui Zhao, Jinle Han, Anjuli May Jaen, Thai Hung Do, Jonathan Grant Peter, Alexander Gonzalez Dorado, Louie S Tirador, Gelza Mae A Zabat, Ralph Elvi M Villalobos, Gemalyn Pineda Gueco, Lauren Livia Greta Botha, Shirley Patricia Iglesias Pertuz, Jiaxiang Tan, Kongxin Zhu, Jiali Quan, Hongyan Lin, Yue Huang, Jizong Jia, Xiafei Chu, Junyu Chen, Yixin Chen, Tianying Zhang, Yingying Su, Changgui Li, Xiangzhong Ye, Ting Wu, Jun Zhang, Ningshao Xia, COVID-19-PRO-003 Study Team
Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
Although this trial did not meet the predefined efficacy criteria for success, dNS1-RBD was well tolerated and protective against omicron variants, both as a primary immunisation and as a heterologous booster.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
835
[Articles] Effectiveness of BNT162b2 BA.4/5 bivalent mRNA vaccine against a range of COVID-19 outcomes in a large health system in the USA: a test-negative case–control study
Sara Y Tartof, Jeff M Slezak, Laura Puzniak, Vennis Hong, Timothy B Frankland, Bradley K Ackerson, Fagen Xie, Harpreet Takhar, Oluwaseye A Ogun, Sarah Simmons, Joann M Zamparo, Srinivas R Valluri, Luis Jodar, John M McLaughlin
Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
By mid-April, 2023, individuals previously vaccinated only with wild-type vaccines had little protection against COVID-19—including hospital admission. A BNT162b2 BA.4/5 bivalent booster restored protection against a range of COVID-19 outcomes, including against XBB-related sublineages, with the most substantial protection observed against hospital admission and critical illness.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
836
[Health-care Development] Core outcome measurement instruments for use in clinical and research settings for adults with post-COVID-19 condition: an international Delphi consensus study
Sarah L Gorst, Nina Seylanova, Susanna R Dodd, Nicola L Harman, Margaret O'Hara, Caroline B Terwee, Paula R Williamson, Dale M Needham, Daniel Munblit, Timothy R Nicholson, PC-COS study group
Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
Post-COVID-19 condition (also known as long COVID) is a new, complex, and poorly understood disorder. A core outcome set (COS) for post-COVID-19 condition in adults has been developed and agreement is now required on the most appropriate measurement instruments for these core outcomes. We conducted an international consensus study involving multidisciplinary experts and people with lived experience of long COVID. The study comprised a literature review to identify measurement instruments for the core outcomes, a three-round online modified Delphi process, and an online consensus meeting to generate a core outcome measurement set (COMS).
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
837
Financial incentives for COVID-19 vaccines in a rural low-resource setting: a cluster-randomized trial
Raymond Duch, Edward Asiedu, Ryota Nakamura, Thomas Rouyard, Alberto Mayol, Adrian Barnett, Laurence Roope, Mara Violato, Dorcas Sowah, Piotr Kotlarz, Philip Clarke
Nature, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
838
Correction: Could the ketogenic diet induce a shift in thyroid function and support a metabolic advantage in healthy participants? A pilot randomized-controlled-crossover trial
Stella Iacovides, Shane K. Maloney, Sindeep Bhana, Zareena Angamia, Rebecca M. Meiring
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
by Stella Iacovides, Shane K. Maloney, Sindeep Bhana, Zareena Angamia, Rebecca M. Meiring
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
839
Impact of mobile connectivity on students’ wellbeing: Detecting learners’ depression using machine learning algorithms
Muntequa Imtiaz Siraji, Ahnaf Akif Rahman, Mirza Muntasir Nishat, Md Abdullah Al Mamun, Fahim Faisal, Lamim Ibtisam Khalid, Ashik Ahmed
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
by Muntequa Imtiaz Siraji, Ahnaf Akif Rahman, Mirza Muntasir Nishat, Md Abdullah Al Mamun, Fahim Faisal, Lamim Ibtisam Khalid, Ashik Ahmed Depression is a psychological state of mind that often influences a person in an unfavorable manner. While it can occur in people of all ages, students are especially vulnerable to it throughout their academic careers. Beginning in 2020, the COVID-19 epidemic caused major problems in people’s lives by driving them into quarantine and forcing them to be connected continually with mobile devices, such that mobile connectivity became the new norm during the pandemic and beyond. This situation is further accelerated for students as universities move towards a blended learning mode. In these circumstances, monitoring student mental health in terms of mobile and Internet connectivity is crucial for their wellbeing. This study focuses on students attending an International University of Bangladesh to investigate their mental health due to their continual use of mobile devices (e.g., smartphones, tablets, laptops etc.). A cross-sectional survey method was employed to collect data from 444 participants. Following the exploratory data analysis, eight machine learning (ML) algorithms were used to develop an automated normal-to-extreme severe depression identification and classification system. When the automated detection was incorporated with feature selection such as Chi-square test and Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE), about 3 to 5% increase in accuracy was observed by the method. Similarly, a 5 to 15% increase in accuracy has been observed when a feature extraction method such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed. Also, the SparsePCA feature extraction technique in combination with the CatBoost classifier showed the best results in terms of accuracy, F1-score, and ROC-AUC. The data analysis revealed no sign of depression in about 44% of the total participants. About 25% of students showed mild-to-moderate and 31% of students showed severe-to-extreme signs of depression. The results suggest that ML models, incorporating a proper feature engineering method can serve adequately in multi-stage depression detection among the students. This model might be utilized in other disciplines for detecting early signs of depression among people.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
840
Health workers’ adherence to the malaria test, treat and track strategy during the COVID-19 pandemic in malaria high transmission area in Eastern Uganda
Malaria Journal, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affected malaria control activities in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) resulting in 690,000 excess deaths in the year 2021. The authors hypothesized that COVID-19 affected the World Health Organization (WHO) Test, Treat and Track (T3) strategy that has been implemented in Uganda since 2010. In this study, health worker’s adherence to the T3 strategy during COVID-19 pandemic in Eastern Uganda was studied by assessing their knowledge, skills and practices. Methods A cross-sectional study utilizing mixed quantitative and qualitative data collections methods was conducted at Mbale Regional Referral Hospital in Eastern Uganda between November and December in 2020. Data were captured on demographics, knowledge, skills and practices for both health workers (HWs) and patients. Quantitative data were analysed using STATA 15.0 and reported as descriptive statistics, proportions and statistical associations. Moreover, qualitative data were collected via key informant interviews (KII) among purposively sampled study participants and analysed thematically using NVIVO software. Ethical approval was obtained prior to the study. Results A total of 436 study participants, of whom 103/436 (24%) and 333/436 (76%) were HWs and patients, respectively were studied. Among the HWs with mean age of 34 years (SD = 8.8 years), 81/103 (79%) had good practices, most 63/103 (61%) had good knowledge, and only 11/103 (10.7%) had good skills. Specifically, on the cadres, the laboratory personnel 19/103 (18%) had good knowledge 14/19 (74%) OR: 2.0 (95% CI 0.7–6) and were highly skilled OR: 4.6 (95% CI 1.2—18.1; P
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
841
Variant rs4986790 of TLR4 affects the signaling and induces cell dysfunction in severe COVID-19 patients.
Julio Flores-Gonzalez, Leslie Chavez-Galan, Ramcés Falfán-Valencia, Ivette Buendía Roldán, Ingrid Fricke-Galindo, Abigail Veronica-Aguilar, Alfonso Martínez-Morales, Rafael de Jesús Hernández-Zenteno, Iris Paola Guzmán-Guzmán, Gloria Pérez-Rubio
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 27.11.2023
Tilføjet 27.11.2023
COVID-19 patients display a broad clinical spectrum, from asymptomatic infections to critical [1, 2]; the pathophysiology that explains these differences between individuals needs to be clarified. Some authors focus on the innate immune response that acts as the first line of defense against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), sensing the virus through pattern recognition receptors (PRR) like Toll-like receptors (TLR) and activating inflammatory pathways that promote viral clearance [3].
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
842
The appearance of anti-spike RBD IgG4 responses after repetitive immunization with mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines
Michinobu Yoshimura, Atsuhiko Sakamoto, Ryo Ozuru, Yusuke Kurihara, Ryota Itoh, Kazunari Ishii, Akinori Shimizu, Bin Chou, Shigeki Nabeshima, Kenji Hiromatsu
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 27.11.2023
Tilføjet 27.11.2023
Although it has been reported that repeated boosting with mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines has been protective [1], some concerns about repeated vaccination of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines have emerged. Repeated vaccination with COVID-19 vaccines back-boosts previous memory and dampens the immune response to a new antigenically related but distinct virus strain, so-called vaccine-induced immune imprinting or original antigenic sin [2]. It has been also reported that the class switches toward noninflammatory, spike-specific IgG4 antibodies (Ab) after repeated SARS-CoV-2 mRNA-type vaccination [3-5].
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
843
Prior immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is associated with decreased COVID-19-related hospitalizations and complications in patients with cancer: Results of a propensity-matched analysis of the OnCovid registry.
Anahita Mostaghim, Samuel Minkove, Juan Aguilar-Company, Isabel Ruiz-Camps, Simeon Eremiev-Eremiev, Gino M Dettorre, Laura Fox, Carlo Tondini, Joan Brunet, MCarmen Carmona-García, Matteo Lambertini, Mark Bower, Thomas Newsom-Davis, Rachel Sharkey, Alessia Dalla Pria, Maura Rossi, Andrea Plaja, Ramon Salazar, Anna Sureda, Aleix Prat, Vasiliki Michalarea, Mieke Van Hemelrijck, Ailsa Sita-Lumsden, Alexia Bertuzzi, Lorenza Rimassa, Sabrina Rossi, Gianpiero Rizzo, Paolo Pedrazzoli, Alvin JX Lee, Cian Murphy, Katherine Belessiotis, Nikolaos Diamantis, Uma Mukherjee, Fanny Pommeret, Annabelle Stoclin, Clara Martinez-Vila, Riccardo Bruna, Gianluca Gaidano, Francesca D'Avanzo, Alessandra Gennari, Janhavi Athale, Peter Eichacker, David J. Pinato, Parizad Torabi-Parizi, Alessio Cortellini, OnCovid study group.
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 27.11.2023
Tilføjet 27.11.2023
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) use steadily increased since early reports describing marked efficacy [1]. They are now a mainstay treatment of several cancer types. Since the start of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, questions persisted of whether and how immune enhancing properties of ICIs impact outcomes in cancer patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) [2-4]. In particular, considering the cytokine-release syndrome (CRS) as the major event driving the deranged immune response underlying severe COVID-19, the major concerns were related to the possible exacerbating effect of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death-1 / programmed death ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) checkpoint inhibitors [5].
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
844
Long-term efficacy of the peptide-based COVID-19 T cell activator CoVac-1 in healthy adults
Claudia Tandler, Jonas S. Heitmann, Tanja M. Michel, Maddalena Marconato, Simon U. Jaeger, Christian M. Tegeler, Monika Denk, Marion Richter, Melek Tutku Oezbek, Yacine Maringer, Sarah M. Schroeder, Nicole Schneiderhan-Marra, Karl-Heinz Wiesmüller, Michael Bitzer, Natalia Ruetalo, Michael Schindler, Christoph Meisner, Imma Fischer, Hans-Georg Rammensee, Helmut R. Salih, Juliane S. Walz
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 26.11.2023
Tilføjet 26.11.2023
During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), different vaccines have been successfully developed [1-3]. Although neutralizing antibodies provide the first line of antiviral defense [4, 5], spike-specific antibody titers tend to wane quickly and show limited neutralizing activity against newly arising variants of concern (VOCs) [6]. In contrast, T cells were shown to mediate long-term immunity that is largely conserved against VOCs after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination [4, 7].
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
845
Epigenetic perspectives associated with COVID-19 infection and related cytokine storm: an updated review
Infection, 26.11.2023
Tilføjet 26.11.2023
Abstract Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has put the world in a medical crisis for the past three years; nearly 6.3 million lives have been diminished due to the virus outbreak. This review aims to update the recent findings on COVID-19 infections from an epigenetic scenario and develop future perspectives of epi-drugs to treat the disease. Methods Original research articles and review studies related to COVID-19 were searched and analyzed from the Google Scholar/PubMed/Medline databases mainly between 2019 and 2022 to brief the recent work. Results Numerous in-depth studies of the mechanisms used by SARS-CoV-2 have been going on to minimize the consequences of the viral outburst. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 receptors and Transmembrane serine protease 2 facilitate viral entry to the host cells. Upon internalization, it uses the host machinery to replicate viral copies and alter the downstream regulation of the normal cells, causing infection-related morbidities and mortalities. In addition, several epigenetic regulations such as DNA methylation, acetylation, histone modifications, microRNA, and other factors (age, sex, etc.) are responsible for the regulations of viral entry, its immune evasion, and cytokine responses also play a major modulatory role in COVID-19 severity, which has been discussed in detail in this review. Conclusion Findings of epigenetic regulation of viral pathogenicity open a new window for epi-drugs as a possible therapeutical approach against COVID-19.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
846
Persistent symptoms and risk factors predicting prolonged time to symptom-free after SARS‑CoV‑2 infection: an analysis of the baseline examination of the German COVIDOM/NAPKON-POP cohort
Infection, 26.11.2023
Tilføjet 26.11.2023
Abstract Purpose We aimed to assess symptoms in patients after SARS-CoV-2 infection and to identify factors predicting prolonged time to symptom-free. Methods COVIDOM/NAPKON-POP is a population-based prospective cohort of adults whose first on-site visits were scheduled ≥ 6 months after a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test. Retrospective data including self-reported symptoms and time to symptom-free were collected during the survey before a site visit. In the survival analyses, being symptom-free served as the event and time to be symptom-free as the time variable. Data were visualized with Kaplan–Meier curves, differences were tested with log-rank tests. A stratified Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of predictors, with aHR
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
847
Therapeutic plasma exchange in the treatment of COVID-19 induced cytokine storm: the first Moroccan experience
BMC Infectious Diseases, 26.11.2023
Tilføjet 26.11.2023
Abstract Introduction COVID-19 induced cytokine storm is a well-documented phenomena that contributes significantly in the disease’s evolution and prognosis. Therefore, therapies such as therapeutic plasma exchange, constitute a mainstay of therapeutic management especially for critically-ill patients. Methods We conducted a monocentric retrospective cohort study in the Resuscitation Department of the Mohammed VI University Hospital of Oujda-Morocco, to evaluate the efficiency of therapeutic plasma exchange on critically-ill COVID-19 patients over a 6 months period. We divided our patients into two groups: patients who received TPE (Therapeutic Plasma Exchange) sessions (TPE group) and patients who only benefited from the standard protocol treatment (non TPE group). Results Our study included a total of 165 patients, 34.5% of which benefited from TPE sessions. We observed an improvement of oxygenation parameters (SpO2 and PaO2/FiO2 ratio) and a progressive respiratory weaning, as well as a significant decrease of biomarkers indicative of inflammation (lymphocyte count, CRP (C Reactive Protein), IL-6, Ferritin) and coagulopathy (d-dimers, fibrinogen) in the TPE group after 5 consecutive TPE sessions. In comparison with the non-TPE group, The TPE-group patients had a shorter ICU (Intensive Care Unit) length of stay, required less frequently mechanical ventilation, and we more likely to be extubated. Furthermore, the TPE group had a lower mortality rate. Discussion Multiple studies have reported the safety and efficiency of therapeutic plasma exchange in the COVID-19 induced cytokine storm. Given the urgent character of the pandemic at the time, each center followed its own protocol in implementing plasma exchange. Conclusion Similar to the results reported in the literature, our study reports positive results after using TPE specifically in terms of respiratory weaning and an improvement of the cytokine storm biomarkers, and more importantly a lower mortality rate.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
848
COVID 19 infection clinical features in pediatric patients in Southwestern Iran: a cross-sectional, multi-center study
BMC Infectious Diseases, 26.11.2023
Tilføjet 26.11.2023
Abstract With the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the impact of recent coronavirus, especially in children, cannot be ignored. In this study, we evaluated the SARS-CoV-2 infection rates and associated features in children less than 18 years of age in “Fars” and “Kohgiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad”, provinces, Iran. 5943 children who were suspected cases to SARS-CoV-2 infection were enrolled in this study. Demographic and clinical data of SARS-CoV-2 patients were collected from 16 February 2020 to 20 June 2021. Underlying conditions were considered in this study as well. Among 5943 patients suspected COVID 19 cases, 13.51% were confirmed by real-time PCR assay. The female/male ratio was 1:1.3 with a mean age of 5.71 years. 11.2% of confirmed patients were transferred and admitted in Pediatric ICU. COVID 19 was significantly higher in children with malignancy and diabetes rather than those with other underlying diseases. Children of all ages were susceptible to COVID 19, and there is no significant difference between both sexes. Most of the COVID 19 cases were in 10–18 years old group. Among a number of children with different underlying diseases, children with malignancy had the highest rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection, followed by those with diabetes.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
849
Spike protein genetic evolution in patients at high-risk of severe COVID-19 treated by monoclonal antibodies
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 25.11.2023
Tilføjet 25.11.2023
AbstractBackgroundHigh-risk patients, often immunocompromised and not responding to vaccine, continue to experience severe COVID-19 and death. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were shown effective to prevent severe COVID-19 for these patients. Nevertheless, concerns about the emergence of resistance mutations were raised.MethodsWe conducted a multicentric prospective cohort study, including 264 patients with mild-to moderate COVID-19 at high risk for progression to severe COVID-19 and treated early with Casirivimab/Imdevimab, Sotrovimab or Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab. We sequenced the SARS-CoV-2 genome during follow-up and searched for emerging Spike mutations.ResultsImmunocompromised patients have a 6-fold increased risk of developing mutations, which are associated with a prolonged duration of viral clearance but no clinical worsening. Emerging P337S/R/L/H, E340D/K/A/Q/V/G and K356T/R substitutions in patients treated with Sotrovimab are associated with higher viral RNA loads for up to 14 days post-treatment initiation. Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab is associated with a 5-fold increased risk of developing mutations. R346K/I/T/S and K444R/N/M substitutions associated with Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab have been identified in multiple SARS-CoV-2 lineages, including BQ.1 and XBB.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the probability of emerging mutations arising in response to mAbs is significant, emphasizing the crucial need to investigate these mutations thoroughly and assess their impact on patients and the evolutionary trajectory of the SARS-CoV-2.
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed
850
COVID-19 breakthrough infections among people with and without HIV: a statewide cohort analysis
Xueying Yang, Jiajia Zhang, Ziang Liu, Shujie Chen, Bankole Olatosi, Gregory A. Poland, Sharon Weissman, Xiaoming Li
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 25.11.2023
Tilføjet 25.11.2023
The remarkable efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines was observed in both large, randomized-controlled US clinical trials and real-world settings,[1, 2] where four vaccines were found to be safe and efficacious in preventing symptomatic COVID-19. Despite the high level of vaccine efficacy, antibody waning occurs such that a small percentage of fully vaccinated persons (i.e., received all recommended doses of an FDA-authorized COVID-19 vaccine) will develop symptomatic or asymptomatic infection with SARS-CoV-2,[3] which are often referred to as COVID-19 vaccine breakthrough infections (hereafter as “breakthrough infections”).
Læs mere
Tjek på PubMed