Nyt fra tidsskrifterne
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
47 ud af 47 tidsskrifter valgt, søgeord (hiv) valgt, emner højest 180 dage gamle, sorteret efter nyeste først.
718 emner vises.
BMC Infectious Diseases, 26.10.2023
Tilføjet 26.10.2023
Abstract Background In recent years, improved access to effective antiretroviral therapy has meant that people living with human immune virus are living longer than before. The burden of non-communicable diseases particularly, hypertension parallels with the increase in age. Although hypertension screening is thought to be an effective indicator of overall health status and paves the way for early interventions in peoples living with human immune virus, the exact prevalence of hypertension in this population remained unknown. We aimed to report the prevalence of hypertension and examine the factors associated with hypertension among people living with human immune virus in East Africa. Methods In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar databases for studies published until January 1, 2023. The search period was from January 10/2023, to February 10/ 2023. Random-effect models were used to calculate the pooled prevalence of hypertension. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore potential heterogeneity. The Funnel plot and Egger’s test were used to assess publication bias. Result A total of 15 studies with 10,916 individuals were included in the present meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of hypertension among people living with human immune virus was19.75% (95% CI, 16.07%-23.42%)),). The prevalence of hypertension was not differed between studies conducted 2014- 2019 and, studies conducted 2020–2022. The prevalence of hypertension was lowest in Ethiopia (16.13%) and highest in Tanzania (26.76%). Alcohol consumption (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR): 3.39, 95% CI: 2.35–4.43), diabetes (AOR: 2.64, 95% CI: 1.89–3.39), longer duration of HIV (AOR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.15–2.3), male sex (AOR: 1.62, 95% CI: 1.43–1.8), obesity (AOR: 2.89, 95% CI: 1.94–3.84), and older age (AOR: 2.25, 95% CI: 2.0–2.5), were the factors associated with the presence of hypertension in people living with human immune virus. Conclusion Our study shows that one in five peoples living with human immune virus have hypertension causing symptoms and impairment, therefore requiring treatment. Designing effective health screening and hypertension management intervention programs helps to prevent the occurrence of hypertension and promotes peoples’ overall quality of life.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedEllen Van GulckMarion PardonsErik NijsNick VerheyenKoen DockxChristel Van Den EyndeEmilie BattivelliJerel VegaEric FlorenceBrigitte AutranNancie M. ArchinDavid M. MargolisChristine KatlamaChiraz HamimiIlse Van Den WyngaertFilmon EyassuLinos VandekerckhoveDaniel Boden1Janssen Infectious Diseases, Janssen Research and Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium2HIV Cure Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium3Janssen Infectious Diseases, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Brisbane, California, USA4Arcturus Therapeutics, Science Center Drive, San Diego, California, USA5Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium6Faculty of Medicine Sorbonne-University, CIMI-Paris, UPMC/Inserm, Paris, France7University of North Carolina School of Medicine and UNC, HIV Cure Center, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA8Department Infectious Diseases, Hospital Pitié Salpetière, Sorbonne-University and IPLESP, Paris, France9Discovery Sciences, Janssen Research and Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, Beerse, Belgium, Miguel Angel Martinez
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 24.10.2023
Tilføjet 24.10.2023
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 24.10.2023
Tilføjet 24.10.2023
AbstractBackgroundWith over 7,500 cases notified since April 2022, Spain has experienced the highest incidence of mpox in Europe. From July 12th onwards, the Modified Vaccinia Ankara-Bavaria Nordic (MVA-BN) smallpox vaccine was offered as pre-exposure prophylaxis for individuals at high-risk of mpox, including those receiving pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV (HIV-PrEP). Our aim was to assess the effectiveness of one dose of MVA-BN vaccine as pre-exposure against mpox virus (MPXV) infection in persons on HIV-PrEP.MethodsWe conducted a national retrospective cohort study between July 12 and December 12, 2022. Individuals ≥18 years, receiving HIV-PrEP as of July 12 and with no previous MPXV infection or vaccination were eligible. Each day, we matched individuals receiving a first dose of MVA-BN vaccine and unvaccinated controls of the same age group and region. We used a Kaplan-Meier estimator and calculate risk ratios (RR) and vaccine effectiveness (VE = 1-RR).ResultsWe included 5,660 matched pairs, with a median follow-up of 62 days (interquartile range 24-97). Mpox cumulative incidence was 5.6 per 1,000 (25 cases) in unvaccinated and 3.5 per 1,000 (18 cases) in vaccinated. No effect was found during days 0-6 post-vaccination (VE -38.3; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): -332.7; 46.4), but VE was 65% in ≥7 days (95%CI 22.9; 88.0) and 79% in ≥14 days (95%CI 33.3; 100.0) post-vaccination.ConclusionsOne dose of MVA-BN vaccine offered protection against mpox in a most-at-risk population shortly after the vaccination. Further studies need to assess the VE of a second dose and the duration of protection over time.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMahtab, Sana; Frigati, Lisa J; Ntusi, Ntobeko A. B.; Nyathi, Mothabisi; Asafu-Agyei, Nana Akua; Myer, Landon; Zar, Heather J; Jao, Jennifer
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 23.10.2023
Tilføjet 23.10.2023
Abstract: Background: Youth living with perinatally acquired HIV-infection (YLPHIV) are at risk of developing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Methods: We determined the Pathobiological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) coronary arteries (CA) and abdominal aorta (AA) risk scores among YLPHIV those are ≥15 years old in Cape Town Adolescent and Antiretroviral Cohort (CTACC). PDAY score was calculated using: non-high-density lipoprotein (HDL), HDL-cholesterol, hyperglycemia, hypertension, obesity, smoking; a score >1 was considered elevated. HIV-viremia was categorized as sustained (SV)=VL>50, transient (TV)=mix of VL>50 and ≤50, or sustained-virologic suppression (VS)=VL
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBaim-Lance, Abigail; Addison, Diane; Archer, Norman; Gordon, Peter; Duke, Sharen; Shubert, Virginia; Nash, Denis; Robertson, McKaylee
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 23.10.2023
Tilføjet 23.10.2023
Abstract: Background: The Bottom Up Project, a collaboration of clinical, community, and academic partners, consists of 7 major steps that leverages a health information exchange, a system for sharing patient health information, with real-time alerts to mobilize peer outreach workers to find and re-engage persons with HIV disconnected from care. Bottom Up faced implementation challenges in its start-up phase as well as produced effective responses leading to project maturation, which we explore using a novel implementation science framework incorporating resilience. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews of implementation staff (N=6) and meeting minutes and protocols document reviews (N=35). The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and a novel resilience framework (RF) guided thematic and process analyses. The RF consisted of three resilience types: absorptive to cope with adversity, adaptive to adjust as a short-term solution, and transformative to structurally change. Results: The Project experienced 20 major challenges, and 2-5 challenges per step. Challenges were multi-level and of chronic and crisis intensities. Implementers selectively overcame some challenges by leveraging multi-level factors and used absorptive, adaptive (most common), and transformative resilience response types. Discussion: Bottom Up matured by practicing consistency and flexibility. The Project maintained core operations while under crisis-level stress by strategically simplifying or ‘downshifting’ activities. Transformational responses suggest that specific initiatives can catalyze organizational change. Conclusion: Bottom Up implementation demonstrates using diverse tactics to respond to challenges, thereby shaping project development and in turn organizations. Applying resilience to CFIR helps build awareness of active and dynamic processes promoting or impeding the growth and success of intervention-oriented projects. Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedGiovenco, Danielle; Pettifor, Audrey; Qayiya, Yamkela; Jones, Jeb; Bekker, Linda-Gail
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 23.10.2023
Tilføjet 23.10.2023
ABSTRACT: Background: Young people living with HIV (YPLWH) experience poorer rates of virological suppression compared to adults. Differentiated service delivery models directed to YPLWH are urgently needed. Setting: Participants were recruited from an HIV treatment clinic near Cape Town, South Africa. Methods: We conducted a longitudinal pilot study to examine the acceptability, feasibility, and preliminary effectiveness of a courier ART delivery and SMS support intervention to retain YPLWH (13-24 years) in care during COVID-19. YPLWH had the option to enroll in the courier service and were randomized 1:1 to receive adherence support via a weekly SMS. Modified Poisson regression was used to estimate the preliminary effectiveness of the courier intervention on viral suppression (HIV-1 RNA
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedVélez-Díaz-Pallarés, Manuel; Silveira, Eva Delgado; Fradejas, Jorge Fernández; Llorente, Beatriz Montero; Fernández, Carmen Palomar; Errasquín, Beatriz Montero; Cruz-Jentoft, Alfonso José; Álvarez Díaz, Ana María
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 23.10.2023
Tilføjet 23.10.2023
Background: Antiretroviral therapy has transformed HIV from a progressive and often fatal infection to a chronic disease. Currently, people living with HIV (PLHIV) have near-normal life expectancy; however, they face accelerated ageing and a rise in non-AIDS-defining HIV-associated conditions. Comorbidities increase the number of prescribed drugs and, therefore, the risk of polypharmacy and prescribing potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs). Still, there are no specific tools to identify PIMs in older PLHIV, which opens a pathway to investigate the particularities in the prescription of medication in this population. Methods: We conducted a scoping review in five electronic databases for studies reporting the use of tools to identify PIMs in older PLHIV. No language or date restrictions were applied. To complete the search, abstracts published in the most relevant HIV Conferences and Events in their editions from 2010-2022 were screened. Results: Of 50,193 records returned (13,701 of the databases and 36,492 of the Congresses), 39 studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies were single-centre and conducted in Europe. Twenty-eight studies were cross-sectional, and most researchers used explicit criteria, mainly Beers and STOPP-START criteria, to identify PIMs. Conclusions: Potentially inappropriate prescribing is frequent amongst older PLHIV. Explicit conventional tools to identify PIMs in older populations may need to be adapted to tackle the needs of PLHIV. Implicit tools may be more valid, although their use is more time-consuming, and standardization is complex. Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedKatarey, Dev; Tan, Yishi; Mourad, Adele; Potts, Jonathan R; Vickers, Laura; Beksinska, Alicja; Sharp, Harriet; Parnell, Bethany; Gilleece, Yvonne; Verma, Sumita
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 23.10.2023
Tilføjet 23.10.2023
Abstract: Introduction: Due to improved life expectancy in people living with HIV (PLWH), liver disease is increasingly being recognised. We assessed non-viral chronic liver disease (CLD) burden in PLWH. Methods: The HeAL (HIV non-virAL liver disease) study (2014-2021) prospectively recruited PLWH with elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and negative hepatitis serology. Clinically significant hepatic fibrosis (CSHF) was defined as liver stiffness measurement (LSM) of >7.1 kPa and hazardous alcohol use as AUDIT score > 8. Primary outcome was prevalence/predictors of CSHF. Results: Total recruited were n=274, 92% male, median age 52 (45-59) years, 96% having undetectable HIV viral load. Overall, n=97 (35%) had hazardous alcohol use, n=72 (26%) had metabolic syndrome (MS) and 17%-27% had exposure to hepatotoxic antiretrovirals (ARV). Prevalence of CSHF was 20% (n=54), prevalence of cirrhosis (LSM >12.5 kPa) being 7% (19/274). Risk factors for CSHF were hazardous alcohol use in 44% (n=24), MS in 46% (n=25) and hepatotoxic ARV in 56% (n=30), majority having more than one risk factor. Independent predictors of CSHF were serum HDL (OR 0.220; 95% CI 0.061-0.790, p=0.020) (inverse relationship); serum AST (OR 1.033, 95% CI 1.001-1.067, p=0.045) and didanosine use (OR 2.878, 95% CI 1.228-6.774, p=0.015). Moderate-severe hepatic steatosis was identified in 52%(n=142). Both FIB-4 and APRI performed poorly in predicting CSHF (PPV 27.3% and 30.6% respectively) and advanced fibrosis(>F3) (PPV 17.6% and 5.9% respectively). Conclusion: In this study, 20% of PLWH had CSHF associated with high prevalence of hazardous alcohol use/MS/potentially hepatotoxic ARV. These potentially modifiable risk factors need addressing. Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedHill, Lucas; Kenney, Stephanie; Patel, Nimish; Yin, Jeffrey; Abulhosn, Kari; Karim, Afsana; Bamford, Laura
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 23.10.2023
Tilføjet 23.10.2023
ABSTRACT: Background: Predictors of virologic failure in those receiving long acting injectable (LAI) cabotegravir/rilpivirine (CAB/RPV) have been evaluated, however factors associated with low-level viremia, including blips and persistent low-level viremia (pLLV) are not well described. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed using data from April 2021 through December 2022. Inclusion criteria included treatment with CAB/RPV for at least three months, availability of pre- and post-switch HIV RNA values, HIV RNA value of 21 days after start of CAB/RPV. Outcomes included incidence of HIV RNA ≥20, ≥50 and ≥200cpm after switch as well as factors associated with detectable HIV RNA after switch. Results: Median duration of follow-up among 144 participants was 287 days. After switching to CAB/RPV, occurrences of at least one HIV RNA ≥20, ≥50 and ≥200 cpm after switch were 34.7%, 15.3%, and 2.8% respectively. Those with pLLV prior to switch were significantly more likely to have detectable HIV RNA after switch [HR 24.39 (8.71-68.34)] and 44.4% of those with pLLV before switch continued with pLLV after switch to LAI CAB/RPV. Body mass index, late injection, and monthly versus every two-month dosing were not associated with detectable viremia after switch. Conclusions: Despite virologic suppression at time of switch and the perceived adherence benefits, participants still experienced blips or pLLV after switch to LAI CAB/RPV. Having detectable HIV RNA on oral therapy prior to switch was associated with detectable HIV RNA after switching. Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedShrestha, Ram K.; Hecht, Jennifer; Chesson, Harrell W.
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 23.10.2023
Tilføjet 23.10.2023
ABSTRACT: Background: HIV testing is an entry point to access HIV care and prevention services. Building Healthy Online Communities (BHOC) developed a website (TakeMeHome.org) where participants can order HIV home test kits. The purpose of this study was to analyze the costs and impact of the TakeMeHome program. Methods: We estimated the costs of TakeMeHome across all participating jurisdictions for the first year of the program. We estimated program costs using purchase orders and invoices, contracts, and allocation of staff time, and the costs included website design, participant recruitment, administration and overhead, HIV self-test kits, and shipping and handling. Primary outcomes of the analysis were total program cost, cost per HIV test, and cost per new HIV diagnosis. Results: TakeMeHome distributed 5,323 HIV self-tests to 4,859 participants over a 12-month period. The total program cost over this period was $314,870. The cost per HIV test delivered was estimated at $59, and the cost per person tested was $65. The program identified 18 (0.6% positivity) confirmed new HIV diagnoses that were verified with surveillance data in 7 health jurisdictions at $169,890. The cost per confirmed new HIV diagnosis was estimated at $9,440. Conclusions: The TakeMeHome program delivered HIV self-testing at a reasonable cost, and the program may be a cost-effective use of HIV prevention resources. The public-private partnership can be an effective mechanism to validate HIV diagnoses identified with self-testing and provide HIV prevention and linkage to care services. Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedIslam, Md Hafizul; Shrestha, Ram K.; Hoch, Jeffrey S.; Farnham, Paul G.
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 23.10.2023
Tilføjet 23.10.2023
Abstract: Background: Cost-effectiveness analysis of HIV self-testing using patient-level data from a randomized clinical trial can inform HIV prevention funding decisions. Cost-effectiveness analysis using net benefit regression addresses the sampling uncertainty in the trial data and the variability of policymakers’ willingness to pay (WTP). Methods: We used published data from a 12-month longitudinal randomized clinical trial that enrolled 2665 men who sex with men (MSM) randomly assigned to the self-testing arm (participants receiving self-test kits) and control arm (participants receiving standard-of-care), and the self-testing arm identified 48 additional new HIV cases. We used net benefit regression to investigate the cost-effectiveness of an HIV self-testing intervention, which compared the incremental cost per new HIV diagnosis with policymakers’ WTP thresholds. We addressed the uncertainties in estimating the incremental cost and the policymakers’ WTP per new diagnosis through the incremental net benefit (INB) regression and cost-effectiveness acceptability curve (CEAC) analyses. Results: From the healthcare provider’s perspective, the INB analysis showed a positive net-benefit of HIV self-testing compared to standard-of-care when policymakers’ WTP per new HIV diagnosis was $9,365 (95% CI: $5,700 - $25,500) or higher. The CEAC showed that the probability of HIV self-testing being cost-effective compared to standard-of-care was 58% and >99% at a WTP of $10 000 and $50 000 per new HIV diagnosis, respectively. Conclusion: The INB and CEAC analyses suggest that HIV self-testing has the potential to be cost-effective for relatively low values of policymakers’ WTP. Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedRudolph, Jacqueline E.; Calkins, Keri; Xu, Xiaoqiang; Wentz, Eryka; Pirsl, Filip; Visvanathan, Kala; Lau, Bryan; Joshu, Corinne
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 23.10.2023
Tilføjet 23.10.2023
Background. Life expectancy among people with HIV (PWH) is increasing, making chronic conditions—including cancer—increasingly relevant. Among PWH, cancer burden has shifted from AIDS-defining cancers (ADCs) toward non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs). Setting. We described incidence of cancer in a claims-based cohort of Medicaid beneficiaries. We included 43,426,043 Medicaid beneficiaries (180,058 with HIV) from 14 US states, aged 18-64, with >6 months of enrollment (with no dual enrollment in another insurance) and no evidence of a prior cancer. Methods. We estimated cumulative incidence of site-specific cancers, NADCs, and ADCs by baseline HIV status, using age as the time scale and accounting for death as a competing risk. We compared cumulative incidence across HIV status to estimate risk differences. We examined cancer incidence overall and by sex, race/ethnicity, and calendar period. Results. PWH had a higher incidence of ADCs, infection-related NADCs, and death. For NADCs like breast, prostate, and colon cancer, incidence was similar or higher among PWH below age 50 but higher among those without HIV by age 65. Incidence of lung and head and neck cancer was always higher for female beneficiaries with HIV, while the curves crossed for male beneficiaries. We saw only small differences in incidence trends by race/ethnicity. Conclusion. Our findings suggest an increased risk of certain NADCs at younger ages among PWH, even when compared against other Medicaid beneficiaries, and highlight the importance of monitoring PWH for ADCs and NADCs. Future work should explore possible mechanisms explaining the differences in incidence for specific cancer types. Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedEmerging Infectious Diseases, 23.10.2023
Tilføjet 23.10.2023
Research - SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection Risk in Persons with HIV, Chicago, Illinois, USA, 2020-2022
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedShreya Chakraborty; Kanagavalli Ramasubbu; Manosi Banerjee; Menaka Priya Balaji; Yamini Vinayagam; Devi Rajeswari V;
Reviews in Medical Virology, 8.09.2023
Tilføjet 8.09.2023
Head and neck cancer, one of the most commonly prevalent malignancies globally is a complex category of tumours that comprises cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx. A specific subgroup of such cancers has been found with some unique chromosomal, therapeutic, and epidemiologic traits with the possibility of affecting via co‐infection. About 25% of all head and neck cancers in the population are human papillomavirus infection (HPV)‐associated, typically developing in the oropharynx, which comprises the tonsils. In the period of efficient combined antiviral treatment, HPV‐positive oral cancers are also becoming a significant contributor to illness and fatality for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)‐infected persons. Although the prevalence and historical background of oral HPV transmission are not thoroughly understood, it seems likely that oral HPV transmission is relatively frequent in HIV‐infected people when compared to the overall population. Therefore, there is a need to understand the mechanisms leading to this co‐infection, as there is very little research related to that. Hence, this study mainly focus on the therapeutical and biomedical analysis of HPV and HIV co‐infection in the above‐mentioned cancer, including oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedImmunity, 2.08.2023
Tilføjet 2.08.2023
Publication date: Available online 1 August 2023 Source: Immunity Author(s): Wenhui He, Tianling Ou, Nickolas Skamangas, Charles C. Bailey, Naomi Bronkema, Yan Guo, Yiming Yin, Valerie Kobzarenko, Xia Zhang, Andi Pan, Xin Liu, Jinge Xu, Lizhou Zhang, Ava E. Allwardt, Debasis Mitra, Brian Quinlan, Rogier W. Sanders, Hyeryun Choe, Michael Farzan
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedNegin Farhadian; Sara Sharifi; Mahdi Taghadosi; Maryam Farhadian; Siavash Vaziri;
Reviews in Medical Virology, 10.07.2023
Tilføjet 10.07.2023
People living with HIV (PLWH) are susceptible to severe COVID‐19 infection and hence this fragile population has prioritised vaccination. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aimed to assess the humoral immune response after receiving two doses schedule of COVID‐19 mRNA vaccinations in this high‐risk population. A systematic electronic search on the PubMed database and manual searches were performed for relevant articles until 30 Sep 2022. Two outcomes of interest were seroconversion rates and anti‐spike receptor binding domain (anti‐S‐RBD) antibody titres at the median time of 14–35 days following two‐dose vaccination among PLWH. Nineteen cohorts and one cross‐sectional study were eligible for inclusion in this study. The pooled estimate of seroconversion rate after receiving two doses of mRNA vaccination schedule were 98.4% and 75.2% among PLWH with CD4>500 cells/mm and CD4500 cells/mm had a 51% likelihood of having positive anti‐Spike‐RBD immunoglobulin G (IgG) (OR: 0.509, 95% CI: 0.228, 1.133, = 0.098) post‐vaccination and this value was only 1.4% (OR: 0.014, 95% CI: 0.002, 0.078, = 0.000) for PLWH with CD4500 cells/mm and healthy controls ( = 0.06). The pooled median of anti‐S‐RBD IgG values were 1461.93 binding antibody units (BAU)/ml and 457.41 BAU/ml in PLWH with CD4>500 cells/mm and CD4
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedXiu Chen; Jun Li; Liqiu Kou; Xiaolu Xie; Deqing Wei; Yaling Li;
Reviews in Medical Virology, 10.07.2023
Tilføjet 10.07.2023
WHO guidelines recommend daily oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and emtricitabine (FTC) for pre‐exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) of HIV in people at high risk of HIV infection. However, due to social, psychological and other reasons, the compliance with daily oral TDF‐FTC in real life is low. Long‐acting cabotegravir is currently the only long‐acting drug approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for HIV PrEP. Due to the long dosing interval (8 weeks), long‐acting cabotegravir has low compliance requirements for people at high risk of HIV infection. We aimed to discuss the feasibility of long‐acting cabotegravir to replace TDF‐FTC as HIV PrEP based on efficacy and safety analyses. Randomized controlled trials were retrieved, and R software was used for meta‐analysis after data extraction. and discussion: Results of the meta‐analysis showed that compared with TDF‐FTC, long‐acting cabotegravir was associated with a lower risk of HIV infection (HR = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.08–0.59,
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedImmunity, 8.07.2023
Tilføjet 8.07.2023
Publication date: Available online 7 July 2023 Source: Immunity Author(s): Thomas J. Connors, Rei Matsumoto, Shivali Verma, Peter A. Szabo, Rebecca Guyer, Joshua Gray, Zicheng Wang, Puspa Thapa, Pranay Dogra, Maya M.L. Poon, Ksenia Rybkina, Marissa C. Bradley, Emma Idzikowski, James McNichols, Masaru Kubota, Kalpana Pethe, Yufeng Shen, Mark A. Atkinson, Maigan Brusko, Todd M. Brusko
Læs mere Tjek på PubMed