47 ud af 47 tidsskrifter valgt, søgeord (influenza) valgt, emner højest 180 dage gamle, sorteret efter nyeste først.
202 emner vises.
101
Genetic, biological and epidemiological study on a cluster of H9N2 avian influenza virus infections among chickens, a pet cat, and humans at a backyard farm in Guangxi, China
Jing YangJianhua YanCheng ZhangShanqin LiManhua YuanChunge ZhangChenguang ShenYang YangLifeng FuGuanlong XuWeifeng ShiZhenghai MaTing Rong LuoYuhai Bia CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Center for Influenza Research and Early-warning (CASCIRE), CAS-TWAS Center of Excellence for Emerging Infectious Diseases (CEEID), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of Chinab Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases, Medical College & College of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, People’s Republic of Chinac College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumchi, People’s Republic of Chinad Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Emerging Infectious Diseases, State Key Discipline of Infectious Disease, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen Third People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of Chinae School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of Chinaf China Institute of Veterinary Drug Control, Beijing, People’s Republic of Chinag Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology of Emerging Infectious Diseases in Universities of Shandong, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, People’s Republic of Chinah University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
102
Epidemiology, evolution, and biological characteristics of H6 avian influenza viruses in China
Xiaohao XuQi ChenMin TanJia LiuXiyan LiLei YangYuelong ShuDayan WangWenfei Zhua School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong, People’s Republic of Chinab National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; WHO Collaborating Center for Reference and Research on Influenza; Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, Beijing, People’s Republic of Chinac Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
103
Influenza vaccination is associated with a reduced risk of invasive aspergillosis in high-risk individuals in Taiwan: a population-based cohort study
Yi-Jyun ChenI-Feng LinJen-Hsiang ChuangHung-Ling HuangTa-Chien Chana Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwanb Centers for Disease Control, Taipei, Taiwanc Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwand Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwane Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwanf Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwang Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
104
Cross-neutralization and viral fitness of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages
Hongjie XiaJason YeungBirte KalveramCody J. BillsJohn Yun-Chung ChenChaitanya KurhadeJing ZouSteven G. WidenBrian R. MannRebecca KondorC. Todd DavisBin ZhouDavid E. WentworthXuping XiePei-Yong Shia Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USAb Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USAc Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USAd Institute for Human Infection and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USAe Sealy, Institute for Drug Discovery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USAf Institute for Translational Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USAg Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USAh Sealy Center for Structural Biology & Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
105
Prevalence, evolution, replication and transmission of H3N8 avian influenza viruses isolated from migratory birds in eastern China from 2017 to 2021
Yanwen WangMengjing WangHong ZhangConghui ZhaoYaping ZhangJinyan ShenXiaohong SunHongke XuYujiao XieXinxin GaoPengfei CuiDong ChuYubao LiWenqiang LiuPeng PengGuohua DengJing GuoXuyong Lia College of Agronomy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, People’s Republic of Chinab Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, National Poultry Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Harbin, People’s Republic of Chinac Biological Disaster Control and Prevention Center, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
106
Development of an mRNA vaccine against a panel of heterologous H1N1 seasonal influenza viruses using a consensus hemagglutinin sequence
Ning MaZhi-Wu XiaZhe-Gang ZhangXuan-Xuan NianXue-Dan LiZheng GongGuo-Mei ZhangYang LeRong ZhouJia-You ZhangXiao-Ming Yanga National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinab The Second Laboratory of Viral Vaccine Research, Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co. Ltd., Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinac School of Animal Science and Technology, School of Animal Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinad China National Biotec Group Company Limited, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
107
Diverse infectivity, transmissibility, and pathobiology of clade 2.3.4.4 H5Nx highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in chickens
Jung-Hoon KwonKateri BertranDong-Hun LeeMiria Ferreira CriadoLindsay KillmasterMary J. Pantin-JackwoodDavid E. Swaynea Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, U.S. National Poultry Research Center, Athens, GA, USAb College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Koreac Unitat mixta d’Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Bellaterra, Spaind IRTA. Programa de Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Bellaterra, Spaine College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Koreaf Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
108
Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus outbreak among Cape cormorants (Phalacrocorax capensis) in Namibia, 2022
Umberto MoliniJohn YabeIrene K. MekiHatem Ouled Ahmed Ben AliTirumala B. K. SettypalliSneha DattaLauren Michelle CoetzeeEllini HamunyelaSiegfried KhaisebGiovanni CattoliCharles E. LamienWilliam G. Dundona School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibiab Central Veterinary Laboratory (CVL), Windhoek, Namibiac Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Animal Production and Health Section, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, Joint FAO/IAEA Division, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Austria
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
109
Emerging triple-reassortant influenza C virus with household-associated infection during an influenza A(H3N2) outbreak, China, 2022
Lan CaoYing LuChaojun XieYiyun ChenLijun LiangTengfei ZhouZiyi ZengChen WenBiao DiBaisheng LiKuibiao LiZhoubin Zhanga Institute of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University and Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of Chinab Huadu District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of Chinac Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
110
Alarming situation of emerging H5 and H7 avian influenza and effective control strategies
Jianzhong ShiXianying ZengPengfei CuiCheng YanHualan Chena Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of Chinab State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
111
A Multi-Season Randomised Controlled Trial of Advax-Adjuvanted Seasonal Influenza Vaccine in Participants with Chronic Disease or Older Age
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 29.12.2023
Tilføjet 29.12.2023
Abstract Background The aim of this study was to determine the safety and immunogenicity of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) alone or formulated with Advax™ delta inulin adjuvant in those of older age (> 60 years) or with chronic disease.Methods Over four consecutive years from 2008-2011, adult participants with chronic disease or over 60 years were recruited into a randomised controlled study to assess the safety, tolerability and immunogenicity of Advax-adjuvanted versus standard TIV. The per protocol (PP) population with at least one post-baseline measurement of influenza antibodies comprised 1297 participants: 447 in the TIV, and 850 in the Advax-adjuvanted TIV, groups.Results No safety issues were identified. Variables negatively affecting vaccine responses included obesity and diabetes mellitus. Advax adjuvant had a positive impact on anti-influenza IgM responses and on H3N2 and B strain seropositivity as assessed by hemagglutination inhibition.Conclusions Advax-adjuvanted TIV was safe and well tolerated in individuals with chronic disease. There is an ongoing need for research into improved influenza vaccines for high-risk populations. Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry: ACTRN 12608000364370.
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112
Protective human antibodies against a conserved epitope in pre- and postfusion influenza hemagglutinin
Joel FinneyAnnie Park MosemanSusan KongAkiko WatanabeShengli SongRichard M. WalshMasayuki KuraokaRyutaro KotakiE. Ashley MosemanKevin R. McCarthyDongmei LiaoXiaoe LiangXiaoyan NieOlivia LavidorRichard AbbottStephen C. HarrisonGarnett KelsoeaLaboratory of Molecular Medicine, Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115bDepartment of Integrative Immunobiology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710cDepartment of Surgery, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710dThe Harvard Cryo-Electron Microscopy (Cryo-EM) Center for Structural Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115eDepartment of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115fCenter for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261gHHMI, Boston, MA 02115hDuke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: Immunology and Inflammation, 27.12.2023
Tilføjet 27.12.2023
113
Evaluation and clinical practice of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes of BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia panel in lower respiratory tract infections
Infection, 23.12.2023
Tilføjet 23.12.2023
Abstract Background Existing panels for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are slow and lack quantification of important pathogens and antimicrobial resistance, which are not solely responsible for their complex etiology and antibiotic resistance. BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia (PN) panels may provide rapid information on their etiology. Methods The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of 187 patients with LRTIs was simultaneously analyzed using a PN panel and cultivation, and the impact of the PN panel on clinical practice was assessed. The primary endpoint was to compare the consistency between the PN panel and conventional microbiology in terms of etiology and drug resistance, as well as to explore the clinical significance of the PN panel. The secondary endpoint was pathogen detection using the PN panel in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) or hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP). Results Fifty-seven patients with HAP and 130 with CAP were included. The most common pathogens of HAP were Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae, with the most prevalent antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes being CTX-M and KPC. For CAP, the most common pathogens were Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus, with the most frequent AMR genes being CTX-M and VIM. Compared with routine bacterial culture, the PN panel demonstrated an 85% combined positive percent agreement (PPA) and 92% negative percent agreement (NPA) for the qualitative identification of 13 bacterial targets. PN detection of bacteria with higher levels of semi-quantitative bacteria was associated with more positive bacterial cultures. Positive concordance between phenotypic resistance and the presence of corresponding AMR determinants was 85%, with 90% positive agreement between CTX-M-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamase gene type and phenotype and 100% agreement for mecA/C and MREJ. The clinical benefit of the PN panel increased by 25.97% compared with traditional cultural tests. Conclusion The bacterial pathogens and AMR identified by the PN panel were in good agreement with conventional cultivation, and the clinical benefit of the PN panel increased by 25.97% compared with traditional detection. Therefore, the PN panel is recommended for patients with CAP or HAP who require prompt pathogen diagnosis and resistance identification.
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114
Evaluation and clinical practice of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance genes of BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia panel in lower respiratory tract infections
Infection, 21.12.2023
Tilføjet 21.12.2023
Abstract Background Existing panels for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) are slow and lack quantification of important pathogens and antimicrobial resistance, which are not solely responsible for their complex etiology and antibiotic resistance. BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia (PN) panels may provide rapid information on their etiology. Methods The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of 187 patients with LRTIs was simultaneously analyzed using a PN panel and cultivation, and the impact of the PN panel on clinical practice was assessed. The primary endpoint was to compare the consistency between the PN panel and conventional microbiology in terms of etiology and drug resistance, as well as to explore the clinical significance of the PN panel. The secondary endpoint was pathogen detection using the PN panel in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) or hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP). Results Fifty-seven patients with HAP and 130 with CAP were included. The most common pathogens of HAP were Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae, with the most prevalent antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes being CTX-M and KPC. For CAP, the most common pathogens were Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus, with the most frequent AMR genes being CTX-M and VIM. Compared with routine bacterial culture, the PN panel demonstrated an 85% combined positive percent agreement (PPA) and 92% negative percent agreement (NPA) for the qualitative identification of 13 bacterial targets. PN detection of bacteria with higher levels of semi-quantitative bacteria was associated with more positive bacterial cultures. Positive concordance between phenotypic resistance and the presence of corresponding AMR determinants was 85%, with 90% positive agreement between CTX-M-type extended-spectrum beta-lactamase gene type and phenotype and 100% agreement for mecA/C and MREJ. The clinical benefit of the PN panel increased by 25.97% compared with traditional cultural tests. Conclusion The bacterial pathogens and AMR identified by the PN panel were in good agreement with conventional cultivation, and the clinical benefit of the PN panel increased by 25.97% compared with traditional detection. Therefore, the PN panel is recommended for patients with CAP or HAP who require prompt pathogen diagnosis and resistance identification.
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115
Biofilm formation by non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae confers resistance to complement-mediated clearance
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 20.12.2023
Tilføjet 20.12.2023
Abstract Biofilm formation is suggested to be associated with phenotype changes compared to planktonic form. We screened 1092 Haemophilus influenzae isolates for their genetic relationships and then selected 29 isolates from different genotypes and phenotypes and tested their ability to form biofilm. Our data showed a higher capacity of non-typeable isolates and particularly isolates from respiratory and genital infections to form biofilm compared to typeable isolates. This ability to form biofilm was also correlated with reduced deposition of the complement component C3b on biofilm-involved bacteria. These data suggest that the biofilm formation contributes to the virulence of non-typeable H. influenzae.
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116
Pleural macrophages translocate to the lung during infection to promote improved influenza outcomes
James P. StumpffSang Yong KimMatthew I. McFaddenAndrew NishidaRoksana ShiraziYael SteuermanIrit Gat-ViksAdriana ForeroMeera G. NairJuliet MorrisonaDepartment of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521bDivision of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521cDepartment of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210dInfectious Diseases Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210eDepartment of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109fThe Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 20.12.2023
Tilføjet 20.12.2023
117
Differences in the gut microbiota between Gurkhas and soldiers of British origin
Thomas D. Troth, Ross S. McInnes, Steven J. Dunn, Jeremy Mirza, Annalise H. Whittaker, Sarah A. Goodchild, Nicholas J. Loman, Sarah V. Harding, Willem van Schaik
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 19.12.2023
Tilføjet 19.12.2023
by Thomas D. Troth, Ross S. McInnes, Steven J. Dunn, Jeremy Mirza, Annalise H. Whittaker, Sarah A. Goodchild, Nicholas J. Loman, Sarah V. Harding, Willem van Schaik Previous work indicated that the incidence of travellers’ diarrhoea (TD) is higher in soldiers of British origin, when compared to soldiers of Nepalese descent (Gurkhas). We hypothesise that the composition of the gut microbiota may be a contributing factor in the risk of developing TD in soldiers of British origin. This study aimed to characterise the gut microbial composition of Gurkha and non-Gurkha soldiers of the British Army. Recruitment of 38 soldiers (n = 22 Gurkhas, n = 16 non-Gurkhas) and subsequent stool collection, enabled shotgun metagenomic sequencing-based analysis of the gut microbiota. The microbiota of Gurkhas had significantly (P < 0.05) lower diversity, for both Shannon and Simpson diversity indices, using species level markers than the gut microbiota of non-Gurkha soldiers. Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) of the Bray-Curtis distance matrix revealed a significant difference in the composition of the gut microbiota between Gurkhas and non-Gurkha soldiers, at both the species level (P = 0.0178) and the genus level (P = 0.0483). We found three genera and eight species that were significantly enriched in the non-Gurkha group and one genus (Haemophilus) and one species (Haemophilus parainfluenzae) which were enriched in the Gurkha group. The difference in the microbiota composition between Gurkha soldiers and soldiers of British origin may contribute to higher colonization resistance against diarrhoeal pathogens in the former group. Our findings may enable further studies into interventions that modulate the gut microbiota of soldiers to prevent TD during deployment.
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118
Cryo-EM structure of influenza helical nucleocapsid reveals NP-NP and NP-RNA interactions as a model for the genome encapsidation
Florian Chenavier, Leandro F. Estrozi, Jean-Marie Teulon, Eleftherios Zarkadas, Lily-Lorette Freslon, Jean-Luc Pellequer, Rob W. H. Ruigrok, Guy Schoehn, Allison Ballandras-Colas, Thibaut Crépin
Science Advances, 16.12.2023
Tilføjet 16.12.2023
119
Non-specific effects of Pneumococcal and Haemophilus vaccines in children aged 5 years and under: a systematic review
Geraghty, K., Rooney, D., Watson, C., Ledwidge, M. T., Glynn, L., Gallagher, J.
BMJ Open, 15.12.2023
Tilføjet 15.12.2023
ObjectiveTo determine the evidence for non-specific effects of the Pneumococcal and Haemophilus influenza vaccine in children aged 5 years and under. Data sourcesA key word literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the European Union Clinical Trials Register and ClinicalTrials.gov up to June 2023. Study eligibility criteriaRandomised controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-RCT or cohort studies. ParticipantsChildren aged 5 or under. Study appraisal and synthesis methodsStudies were independently screened by two reviewers, with a third where disagreement arose. Risk of bias assessment was performed by one reviewer and confirmed by a second. Results were tabulated and a narrative description performed. ResultsFour articles were identified and included in this review. We found a reduction in hospitalisations from influenza A (44%), pulmonary tuberculosis (42%), metapneumovirus (45%), parainfluenza virus type 1–3 (44%), along with reductions in mortality associated with pneumococcal vaccine. No data on the Haemophilus vaccine was found. Conclusions and implicationsIn this systematic review, we demonstrate that there is a reduction in particular viral infections in children aged 5 years and under who received the 9-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine which differ from those for which the vaccine was designed to protect against. While limited studies have demonstrated a reduction in infections other than those which the vaccine was designed to protect against, substantial clinical trials are required to solidify these findings. PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020146640.
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120
[Articles] Long-term outcomes following hospital admission for COVID-19 versus seasonal influenza: a cohort study
Yan Xie, Taeyoung Choi, Ziyad Al-Aly
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 15.12.2023
Tilføjet 15.12.2023
Although rates of death and adverse health outcomes following hospital admission for either seasonal influenza or COVID-19 are high, this comparative analysis shows that hospital admission for COVID-19 was associated with higher long-term risks of death and adverse health outcomes in nearly every organ system (except for the pulmonary system) and significant cumulative excess DALYs than hospital admission for seasonal influenza. The substantial cumulative burden of health loss in both groups calls for greater prevention of hospital admission for these two viruses and for greater attention to the care needs of people with long-term health effects due to either seasonal influenza or SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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121
Diagnostic accuracy of a point-of-care antigen test for SARS-CoV-2 and influenza in a primary care population (RAPTOR-C19)
Thomas R. Fanshawe, Sharon TONNER, Philip J. Turner, Jade Cogdale, Margaret Glogowska, Simon De Lusignan, Cecilia Okusi, Rafael Perera, Praveen Sebastianpillai, Alice Williams, Maria Zambon, Brian D. Nicholson, F.D.Richard Hobbs, Gail N. Hayward, THE RAPTOR-C19 STUDY GROUP
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 15.12.2023
Tilføjet 15.12.2023
Limited evidence exists for the diagnostic performance of point-of-care tests for SARS-CoV-2 and influenza in community healthcare. We carried out a prospective diagnostic accuracy study of the LumiraDx™ SARS-CoV-2 & influenza A/B assay in primary care.
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122
Recombinant or Standard-Dose Influenza Vaccine in Adults under 65 Years of Age
Amber Hsiao, Arnold Yee, Bruce Fireman, John Hansen, Ned Lewis, Nicola P. Klein
New England Journal of Medicine, 14.12.2023
Tilføjet 14.12.2023
123
CDC Expands Airport Surveillance Program to More Respiratory Viruses
Journal of the American Medical Association, 14.12.2023
Tilføjet 14.12.2023
A new pilot program will monitor for respiratory viruses such as influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in addition to SARS-CoV-2 as part of the Traveler-based Genomic Surveillance (TGS) program, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced in a recent statement.
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124
Differential effects of microRNAs miR‐21, miR‐99 and miR‐145 on lung regeneration and inflammation during recovery from influenza pneumonia
Joe Wee Jian Ong, Kai Sen Tan, Joseph Jing Xian Lee, Ju Ee Seet, Hyung Won Choi, Siok Ghee Ler, Jayantha Gunaratne, Teluguakula Narasaraju, Lok‐To Sham, Volker Patzel, Vincent T. Chow
Journal of Medical Virology, 13.12.2023
Tilføjet 13.12.2023
125
Resurgence of human metapneumovirus infection and influenza after three seasons of inactivity in the post‐COVID‐19 era in Hokkaido, Japan, 2022–2023
Yuya Fukuda, Atsuo Togashi, Satoshi Hirakawa, Masaki Yamamoto, Shinobu Fukumura, Tomohiro Nawa, Saho Honjo, Jun Kunizaki, Kouhei Nishino, Toju Tanaka, Toshitaka Kizawa, Dai Yamamoto, Ryoh Takeuchi, Yuta Sasaoka, Masayoshi Kikuchi, Takuro Ito, Kazushige Nagai, Hirofumi Asakura, Katsumasa Kudou, Masaki Yoshida, Takeshi Nishida, Takeshi Tsugawa
Journal of Medical Virology, 12.12.2023
Tilføjet 12.12.2023
126
Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus infection of companion animals
Hinh LyDepartment of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, USA
Virulence, 9.12.2023
Tilføjet 9.12.2023
127
Combined COVID-19, Flu Vaccine Candidate Headed to Phase 3 Trials
Journal of the American Medical Association, 6.12.2023
Tilføjet 6.12.2023
An investigational messenger RNA (mRNA)–based vaccine designed to protect against both influenza and COVID-19 induced virus-specific immune responses in people who received it, manufacturers Pfizer and BioNTech announced in a press release.
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128
Cost-effectiveness of Prefusion F Protein-based Vaccines Against Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease for Older Adults in the United States
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 5.12.2023
Tilføjet 5.12.2023
AbstractBackgroundTwo prefusion F protein-based vaccines, Arexvy and Abrysvo, have been authorized by the US Food and Drug Administration for protecting older adults against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-associated lower respiratory tract illness. We evaluated the health benefits and cost-effectiveness of these vaccines.MethodsWe developed a discrete-event simulation model, parameterized with the burden of RSV disease including outpatient care, hospitalization, and death for adults aged 60 years or older in the United States. Taking into account the costs associated with these RSV-related outcomes, we calculated the net monetary benefit using quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained as a measure of effectiveness and determined the range of price-per-dose (PPD) for Arexvy and Abrysvo vaccination programs to be cost-effective from a societal perspective.ResultsUsing a willingness-to-pay of $95 000 per QALY gained, we found that vaccination programs could be cost-effective for a PPD up to $127 with Arexvy and $118 with Abrysvo over the first RSV season. Achieving an influenza-like vaccination coverage of 66% for the population of older adults in the United States, the budget impact of these programs at the maximum PPD ranged from $6.48 to $6.78 billion. If the benefits of vaccination extend to a second RSV season as reported in clinical trials, we estimated a maximum PPD of $235 for Arexvy and $245 for Abrysvo, with 2-year budget impacts of $11.78 and $12.25 billion, respectively.ConclusionsVaccination of older adults would provide substantial direct health benefits by reducing outcomes associated with RSV-related illness in this population.
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129
Influenza vaccine effectiveness against influenza-A-associated emergency department, urgent care, and hospitalization encounters among U.S. adults, 2022-2023
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 4.12.2023
Tilføjet 4.12.2023
AbstractBackgroundThe 2022-2023 United States influenza season had unusually early influenza activity with high hospitalization rates. Vaccine-matched A(H3N2) viruses predominated, with lower levels of A(H1N1)pdm09 activity also observed.MethodsUsing the test-negative design, we evaluated influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) during the 2022-2023 season against influenza-A-associated emergency department/urgent care (ED/UC) visits and hospitalizations from October 2022-March 2023 among adults (age ≥18 years) with acute respiratory illness (ARI). VE was estimated by comparing odds of seasonal influenza vaccination among case-patients (influenza A test-positive by molecular assay) and controls (influenza test-negative), applying inverse-propensity-to-be-vaccinated weights.ResultsThe analysis included 85,389 ED/UC ARI encounters (17.0% influenza-A-positive; 37.8% vaccinated overall) and 19,751 hospitalizations (9.5% influenza-A-positive; 52.8% vaccinated overall). VE against influenza-A-associated ED/UC encounters was 44% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 40-47%) overall and 45% and 41% among adults aged 18-64 and ≥65 years, respectively. VE against influenza-A-associated hospitalizations was 35% (95%CI: 27-43%) overall and 23% and 41% among adults aged 18-64 and ≥65 years, respectively.ConclusionsVE was moderate during the 2022-2023 influenza season, a season characterized with increased burden of influenza and co-circulation with other respiratory viruses. Vaccination is likely to substantially reduce morbidity, mortality, and strain on healthcare resources.
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130
RSV neutralizing antibodies in dried blood
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 4.12.2023
Tilføjet 4.12.2023
AbstractBackgroundThe key correlate of protection of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccines and monoclonal antibodies (mAb) is virus neutralization, measured using sera obtained through venipuncture. Dried blood obtained with a finger prick can simplify acquisition, processing, storage, and transport in trials, and thereby reduce costs. In this study we validate an assay to measure RSV neutralization in dried capillary blood.MethodsFunctional antibodies were compared between matched serum and dried blood samples from a phase I trial with RSM01, an investigational anti-RSV Prefusion F mAb. Hep-2 cells were infected with a serial dilution of sample-virus mixture using RSV-A2-mKate to determine half-maximal inhibitory concentration. Stability of dried blood was evaluated over time and during temperature stress.ResultsFunctional antibodies in dried blood were highly correlated with serum (R2 = 0.98, p
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131
Itaconate as a key regulator of respiratory disease
Clinical & Experimental Immunology, 1.12.2023
Tilføjet 1.12.2023
SummaryMacrophage activation results in the accumulation of endogenous metabolites capable of adopting immunomodulatory roles; one such bioactive metabolite is itaconate. After macrophage stimulation, the TCA-cycle intermediate cis-aconitate is converted to itaconate (by aconitate decarboxylase-1, ACOD1) in the mitochondrial matrix. Recent studies have highlighted the potential of targeting itaconate as a therapeutic strategy for lung diseases such as asthma, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and respiratory infections. This review aims to bring together evidence which highlights a role for itaconate in chronic lung diseases (such as asthma and pulmonary fibrosis) and respiratory infections (such as SARS-CoV-2, influenza and Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection). A better understanding of the role of itaconate in lung disease could pave the way for novel therapeutic interventions and improve patient outcomes in respiratory disorders.
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132
Correction: Influenza vaccination coverage and factors associated with severe laboratory-confirmed influenza-related illness in patients receiving care at a tertiary hospital in Catalonia (Spain) during the 2018–2019 epidemic season
Guillermo Mena, Irma Casas, Cristina Casañ, Mario Auñón, Lurdes Matas, Josep-Maria Mòdol, María Esteve
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 30.11.2023
Tilføjet 30.11.2023
by Guillermo Mena, Irma Casas, Cristina Casañ, Mario Auñón, Lurdes Matas, Josep-Maria Mòdol, María Esteve
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133
Resurgence of influenza during COVID‐19 in Chongqing, China: A retrospective analysis
Zhourong Li, Yu Xiong, Jiang Long, Tingting Li, Xiaoqing Fu, Shuang Yang, Dechao Tian, Yong Zhao, Li Qi
Journal of Medical Virology, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
134
Mendelian randomization study on the causal effect of serum IgA levels on H7N9 avian influenza A virus susceptibility
Qijun Liao, Juan Shen, Yongkun Chen, Yuelong Shu
Journal of Medical Virology, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
135
[News] COVID-19—an infectious disease in the top five causes of death in Australia
Tony Kirby
Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
The last time that an infectious disease ranked in the top five causes of death in Australia was in 1970 (influenza and pneumonia combined). However, COVID-19, after being successfully kept under control when Australia closed borders between 2020 and 2021, has surged into the top three causes of death in 2022. There were 9859 deaths due to COVID-19 registered in Australia in 2022, and the infection was mentioned as a contributing factor on a further 2782 death certificates. Ischaemic heart disease (19 858 deaths) and dementia, including Alzheimer\'s disease (17 106 deaths), were the only top two causes of death above COVID-19.
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136
[Spotlight] Vernon Lee—using one pandemic to prepare for the next
Tony Kirby
Lancet Respiratory Medicine, 28.11.2023
Tilføjet 28.11.2023
Vernon Lee can certainly describe himself as experienced in facing respiratory infection pandemics, having helped lead Singapore\'s response to SARS-CoV-2, and before that, having been involved in the response against H1N1 influenza and the original SARS virus. “One thing I have learned is no two wars are the same—each pandemic helps us prepare for the next, but each new one reveals gaps in our response which we must address”, Lee tells The Lancet Respiratory Medicine. He is leading on setting up the Singapore Ministry of Health\'s new Communicable Diseases Agency so that the country is best prepared for any pandemic threat.
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137
Safety and Immunogenicity of Bivalent RSVpreF Vaccine Coadministered with Seasonal Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Older Adults
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 26.11.2023
Tilføjet 26.11.2023
AbstractBackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza are both typically seasonal diseases, with winter peaks in temperate climates. Coadministration of an RSV vaccine and influenza vaccine could be a benefit, requiring 1 rather than 2 visits to a healthcare provider for individuals receiving both vaccines.MethodsThe primary immunogenicity objective of this phase 3, 1:1 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in healthy ≥65-year-olds in Australia was to demonstrate noninferiority of immune responses with coadministration of the stabilized RSV prefusion F protein−based vaccine (RSVpreF) and seasonal inactivated influenza vaccine (SIIV) versus SIIV or RSVpreF administered alone, using a 1.5-fold noninferiority margin (lower bound 95% CI >0.667). Safety and tolerability were evaluated by collecting reactogenicity and adverse event data.ResultsOf 1403 participants randomized, 1399 received vaccinations (median [range] age, 70 [65‒91] years). Local reactions and systemic events were mostly mild or moderate when RSVpreF was coadministered with SIIV or administered alone. No vaccine-related serious adverse events were reported. Geometric mean ratios were 0.86 for RSV-A and 0.85 for RSV-B neutralizing titers at 1 month after RSVpreF administration and 0.77 to 0.90 for strain-specific hemagglutination inhibition assay titers at 1 month after SIIV. All comparisons achieved the prespecified 1.5-fold noninferiority margin.ConclusionThe primary study objectives were met, demonstrating noninferiority of RSVpreF and SIIV immune responses when RSVpreF was coadministered with SIIV and that RSVpreF had an acceptable safety and tolerability profile when coadministered with SIIV. The results of this study support coadministration of RSVpreF and SIIV in an older adult population.Clinical Trial RegistrationNCT05301322
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138
Antibiotics for Acute Sinusitis in Children—Reply
Journal of the American Medical Association, 22.11.2023
Tilføjet 22.11.2023
In Reply Mr Meng and colleagues express concern that testing for H influenzae, S pneumoniae, and M catarrhalis, which are frequently found to colonize the nasal passages of well children, might lead to increased antibiotic use. However, this will occur only if the results from our trial are applied indiscriminately to a population that was not included in our study.
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139
Antibody-mediated Suppression Regulates the Humoral Immune Response to Influenza Vaccination in Humans
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 21.11.2023
Tilføjet 21.11.2023
AbstractBackgroundPre-existing immunity, including memory B-cells and pre-existing antibodies, can modulate antibody responses to influenza in vivo to antigenically related antigens. We investigated whether pre-existing hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) antibodies targeting the K163 epitope on the hemagglutinin (K163-antibodies) could affect antibody responses following vaccination with A/California/07/2009-like (CA/09) A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza viruses in humans.MethodsPre- and post-vaccination sera collected from 300 adults (birth year:1961-1998) in 6 seasons (2010-2016) were analyzed using HAI assays with 2 reverse genetics viruses and A(H1N1) viruses circulated from 1977 to 2018. Antibody adsorption assays were used to verify the pre-existing K163-antibody-mediated suppression effect.ResultsPre-existing K163-antibody titers of ≥80 affected HAI antibody responses following influenza vaccination containing CA/09-like antigens. At high K163-antibody concentrations (HAI antibody titers≥160), all HAI antibody responses were suppressed, while at moderate K163-antibody concentrations (HAI antibody titer=80), only K163-epitope-specific antibody responses were suppressed and novel HAI antibody responses targeting the non-K163-epitope(s) were induced by vaccination. Novel antibodies targeting non-K163 epitope(s) cross-reacted with newly emerging A(H1N1)pdm09 strains with a K163Q mutation, rather than historic 1977-2007 A(H1N1) viruses.ConclusionK163-antibody-mediated suppression shapes antibody responses to A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccination. Understanding how pre-existing antibodies suppress and redirect vaccine-induced antibody responses is of great importance to improve vaccine effectiveness.
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140
Goldilocks zone of preexisting immunity: too little or too much suppresses diverse antibody responses against influenza viruses
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 19.11.2023
Tilføjet 19.11.2023
AbstractPreexisting immunity against influenza viruses has long been known to regulate the magnitude and specificity of vaccine-induced humoral immunity. In this manuscript by Lu et al., the authors highlight how varying levels of preexisting antibodies against a single site on hemagglutinin impact vaccine-induced antibody responses. This commentary discusses the essential findings and implications of the study, emphasizing the importance of understanding how preexisting antibodies suppress the diversification of humoral immunity and how next generation vaccine strategies can overcome preexisting immunity to generate immunity against ever-evolving influenza viruses.
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141
Vaccine Effectiveness Against Pediatric Influenza-A-Associated Urgent Care, Emergency Department, and Hospital Encounters During the 2022–2023 Season, VISION Network
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 18.11.2023
Tilføjet 18.11.2023
AbstractBackgroundDuring the 2022–2023 influenza season, the United States experienced the highest influenza-associated pediatric hospitalization rate since 2010–2011. Influenza A/H3N2 infections were predominant.MethodsWe analyzed acute respiratory illness (ARI)-associated emergency department or urgent care (ED/UC) encounters or hospitalizations at three health systems among children and adolescents aged 6 months–17 years who had influenza molecular testing during October 2022–March 2023. We estimated influenza A vaccine effectiveness (VE) using a test-negative approach. The odds of vaccination among influenza-A-positive cases and influenza-negative controls were compared after adjusting for confounders and applying inverse-propensity-to-be-vaccinated weights. We developed overall and age-stratified VE models.ResultsOverall, 13,547 of 44,787 (30.2%) eligible ED/UC encounters and 263 of 1,862 (14.1%) hospitalizations were influenza-A-positive cases. Among ED/UC patients, 15.2% of influenza-positive versus 27.1% of influenza-negative patients were vaccinated; VE was 48% (95% confidence interval [CI], 44%–52%) overall, 53% (95% CI, 47%–58%) among children aged 6 months–4 years and 38% (95% CI, 30%–45%) among those aged 9–17 years. Among hospitalizations, 17.5% of influenza-positive versus 33.4% of influenza-negative patients were vaccinated; VE was 40% (95% CI, 6%–61%) overall, 56% (95% CI, 23%–75%) among children ages 6 months–4 years and 46% (95% CI, 2%–70%) among those 5–17 years.ConclusionsDuring the 2022–2023 influenza season, vaccination reduced the risk of influenza-associated ED/UC encounters and hospitalizations by almost half (overall VE 40–48%). Influenza vaccination is a critical tool to prevent moderate-to-severe influenza illness in children and adolescents.
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142
[Perspectives] Phage stories
Philip Ball
Lancet, 17.11.2023
Tilføjet 17.11.2023
It is hardly surprising that viruses do not have a good press. The very name is derived from the Latin word for a poisonous and perhaps slimy substance. In a medical context, the word originally connoted a putrid excrescence caused by an infectious disease that could transmit the disease to others. The image of viruses as agents apt to spread and cause suffering has been secured in recent times by lethal influenza strains, HIV, and now of course SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus that stopped the world.
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143
Leveraging vaccination-induced protective antibodies to define conserved epitopes on influenza N2 neuraminidase
Immunity, 15.11.2023
Tilføjet 15.11.2023
Publication date: 14 November 2023 Source: Immunity, Volume 56, Issue 11 Author(s): Ruipeng Lei, Wooseob Kim, Huibin Lv, Zongjun Mou, Michael J. Scherm, Aaron J. Schmitz, Jackson S. Turner, Timothy J.C. Tan, Yiquan Wang, Wenhao O. Ouyang, Weiwen Liang, Joel Rivera-Cardona, Chuyun Teo, Claire S. Graham, Christopher B. Brooke, Rachel M. Presti, Chris K.P. Mok, Florian Krammer, Xinghong Dai, Ali H. Ellebedy
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144
High burden of acute respiratory tract infections leading to hospitalization at German pediatric hospitals: fall/winter 2022–2023
Infection, 15.11.2023
Tilføjet 15.11.2023
Abstract Purpose Given reduced immunity levels for seasonally occurring respiratory infections and the experience of an unusually early, severe wave of RSV infections during 2021, a preexisting clinician-led reporting system (CLRS) was updated to prospectively monitor the anticipated high burden of respiratory infections (ARI) in German pediatric hospitals during fall/winter 2022–2023. Methods From September 13, 2022 through March 31, 2023, children hospitalized with ARI as a primary diagnosis were monitored via a national CLRS established by the German Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases (DGPI). Once a week, the CLRS collected overall number of new hospital admissions, ARI-related admissions according to pathogen (SARS-CoV-2, RSV, influenza, and other), plus number of patients admitted to ICU with ARI as a primary diagnosis. Results With a high participation among children\'s hospitals across Germany (22.8%), 76 centers submitted 1,053 survey reports. ARI-related hospital admissions showed a steep rise starting in late September 2022 and reached their highpoint in early December 2022 (50.1% of all admissions). In parallel, the average number of newly admitted patients (aNA) with RSV (3.6) peaked, as did those with influenza (2.1) one week later. The average highpoint of ARI patients on ICU (aICU) (2.9) was reached shortly thereafter. Again, RSV (1.6) und influenza (1.2) were predominant pathogens. Conclusion In fall/winter 2022–2023, German hospitals reported a sharp increase in patients with ARIs. While RSV and influenza represented the greatest proportion of ARI, SARS-CoV-2 played a less significant role. Systematic, dynamic collection of ARI data is critical for assessing real burdens on the health care system.
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145
Influenza Antiviral Shortages Reported by Public Health Officials
Journal of the American Medical Association, 15.11.2023
Tilføjet 15.11.2023
This study provides survey results from state and territorial public health preparedness directors regarding antiviral shortages during the 2022-2023 respiratory viral season.
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146
High burden of acute respiratory tract infections leading to hospitalization at German pediatric hospitals: fall/winter 2022–2023
Infection, 14.11.2023
Tilføjet 14.11.2023
Abstract Purpose Given reduced immunity levels for seasonally occurring respiratory infections and the experience of an unusually early, severe wave of RSV infections during 2021, a preexisting clinician-led reporting system (CLRS) was updated to prospectively monitor the anticipated high burden of respiratory infections (ARI) in German pediatric hospitals during fall/winter 2022–2023. Methods From September 13, 2022 through March 31, 2023, children hospitalized with ARI as a primary diagnosis were monitored via a national CLRS established by the German Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases (DGPI). Once a week, the CLRS collected overall number of new hospital admissions, ARI-related admissions according to pathogen (SARS-CoV-2, RSV, influenza, and other), plus number of patients admitted to ICU with ARI as a primary diagnosis. Results With a high participation among children\'s hospitals across Germany (22.8%), 76 centers submitted 1,053 survey reports. ARI-related hospital admissions showed a steep rise starting in late September 2022 and reached their highpoint in early December 2022 (50.1% of all admissions). In parallel, the average number of newly admitted patients (aNA) with RSV (3.6) peaked, as did those with influenza (2.1) one week later. The average highpoint of ARI patients on ICU (aICU) (2.9) was reached shortly thereafter. Again, RSV (1.6) und influenza (1.2) were predominant pathogens. Conclusion In fall/winter 2022–2023, German hospitals reported a sharp increase in patients with ARIs. While RSV and influenza represented the greatest proportion of ARI, SARS-CoV-2 played a less significant role. Systematic, dynamic collection of ARI data is critical for assessing real burdens on the health care system.
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147
Standard-dose versus MF59-adjuvanted, high-dose or recombinant-hemagglutinin influenza vaccine immunogenicity in older adults: comparison of A(H3N2) antibody response by prior season’s vaccine status
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 13.11.2023
Tilføjet 13.11.2023
AbstractBackgroundAnnual influenza vaccination is recommended for older adults but repeated vaccination with standard-dose influenza vaccine has been linked to reduced immunogenicity and effectiveness, especially against A(H3N2) viruses.MethodsCommunity-dwelling Hong Kong adults aged 65-82 years were randomly allocated to receive 2017/18 standard-dose quadrivalent, MF59-adjuvanted trivalent, high-dose trivalent, and recombinant-HA quadrivalent vaccination. Antibody response to unchanged A(H3N2) vaccine antigen was compared among participants with and without self-reported prior year (2016/17) standard-dose vaccination.ResultsMean fold rise (MFR) in antibody titers from Day 0 to Day 30 by hemagglutination inhibition and virus microneutralization assays were lower among 2017/18 standard-dose and enhanced vaccine recipients with (range, 1.7-3.0) vs. without (range, 4.3-14.3) prior 2016/17 vaccination. MFR was significantly reduced by about one half to four fifths for previously vaccinated recipients of standard-dose and all three enhanced vaccines (β range, 0.21-0.48). Among prior-year vaccinated older adults, enhanced vaccines induced higher 1.43 to 2.39-fold geometric mean titers and 1.28 to 1.74-fold MFR vs. standard-dose vaccine by microneutralization assay.ConclusionsIn the context of unchanged A(H3N2) vaccine strain, prior-year vaccination was associated with reduced antibody response among both standard-dose and enhanced influenza vaccine recipients. Enhanced vaccines improved antibody response among older adults with prior-year standard-dose vaccination.
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148
SARS-CoV-2 trends in Italy, Germany and Portugal and school opening during the period of Omicron variant dominance: a quasi-experimental study
Federica Bellerba, Nils Bardeck, Michael Boehm, Oriana D'Ecclesiis, Sara Raimondi, Elisa Tomezzoli, Mafalda Silva Miranda, Inês Martins Alves, Daniela Alves, Ana Abecasis, Valeria Gabellone, Elisa Gabrielli, Giulia Vaglio, Elham Shamsara, Nico Pfeifer, Chiara Mommo, Francesca Incardona, Rolf Kaiser, Sara Gandini
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 12.11.2023
Tilføjet 12.11.2023
As part of the global reaction to stop the spread of SARS-CoV-2 during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, primary and secondary schools were closed to on-site learning in many countries. This decision was based on data extrapolated from influenza transmission models, which suggested that closing schools could help reduce the spread of infections[1]. However, the effectiveness of this measure for SARS-CoV-2 was unclear. Several studies about the impact of school openings found conflicting results on community transmission, with some suggesting substantial increases in positivity rates[2], and others suggesting a small impact[3], [4] or no effect after adjusting for community incidence[5]–[7].
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149
Vaccination Hesitancy Increasing Among Pregnant Women
Journal of the American Medical Association, 11.11.2023
Tilføjet 11.11.2023
More pregnant women in the US were hesitant to receive common vaccinations in 2022 to 2023 compared with 2021 to 2022, researchers reported in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Women who reported being “very hesitant” to receive the influenza vaccine increased from 17% to 25% during that period, while hesitancy to receive the tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine rose from 15% to 20%, according to survey data from 1814 pregnant women aged 18 to 49 years.
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150
Antibiotic use in children hospitalised for influenza, 2010–2021: the Canadian Immunization Monitoring Program Active (IMPACT)
Infection, 10.11.2023
Tilføjet 10.11.2023
Abstract Purpose To determine characteristics associated with inappropriate antibiotic use amongst children hospitalised for influenza. Methods We performed active surveillance for laboratory-confirmed influenza hospitalizations amongst children ≤ 16 years old at the 12 Canadian Immunization Monitoring Program Active hospitals, from September 2010 to August 2021. Antibiotic use was presumed appropriate if any of the following indications were met: age
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