Nyt fra tidsskrifterne
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#102051
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#102015
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#102009
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#101997
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#101981
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#101903
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#101889
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#101862
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#101770
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#101695
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#101670
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#101520
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#101481
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#101504
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#101457
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#101432
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#101388
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#101381
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#101265
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#101251
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#101154
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#101114
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#101055
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#101033
Klik på knappen for at kopiere eller tryk på linket nedenfor.
Kopieret til udklipsholder!
https://infmed.dk/nyheder-udefra?rss_filter=influenza&setpoint=100952#100937
Søgeord (influenza) valgt.
25 emner vises.
Marco Del Riccio, Saverio Caini, Guglielmo Bonaccorsi, Chiara Lorini, John Paget, Koos van der Velden, Adam Meijer, Mendel Haag, Ian McGovern, Patrizio Zanobini
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 17.04.2024
Tilføjet 17.04.2024
The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has undeniably reshaped life on a global scale. As infection rates and fatalities surged to historic proportions, initial strategies to combat the crisis revolved around non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) such as the use of facemasks, physical distancing, travel bans, and lockdowns, considering the absence of available vaccines or targeted therapeutics. Characterized by a spectrum of actions spanning individual precautions to broader societal measures, NPIs aimed to curtail the rapid dissemination of the virus [1].
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedEskild Petersen, Ziad A Memish, David S Hui, Alessandra Scagliarini, Lone Simonsen, Edgar Simulundu, Jennifer Bloodgood, Lucille Blumberg, Shui- Shan Lee, Alimuddin Zumla
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 16.04.2024
Tilføjet 16.04.2024
GBD 2021 Lower Respiratory Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 16.04.2024
Tilføjet 16.04.2024
Substantial progress has been made in reducing LRI mortality, but the burden remains high, especially in low-income and middle-income countries. During the COVID-19 pandemic, with its associated non-pharmaceutical interventions, global incident LRI cases and mortality attributable to influenza and RSV declined substantially. Expanding access to health-care services and vaccines, including S pneumoniae, H influenzae type B, and novel RSV vaccines, along with new low-cost interventions against S aureus, could mitigate the LRI burden and prevent transmission of LRI-causing pathogens.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedYaqin BaiHui LeiWenjun SongSang-Chul ShinJiaqi WangBiying XiaoZeynep A. KoçerMin-Suk SongRobert WebsterRichard J. WebbySook-San WongMark Zanina HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of Chinab Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of Chinac State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of Chinad School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of Chinae Centre for Immunology & Infection, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of Chinaf Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of Chinag Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Koreah Emerging Viral Diseases Laboratory, Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Türkiyei Department of Biomedicine and Health Technologies, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Izmir, Türkiyej Department of Microbiology, Chungbuk National University Medical School, Chungbuk, Koreak Department of Host-Microbe Interactions, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
Emerg Microbes Infect, 15.04.2024
Tilføjet 15.04.2024
Xie, W., Xiao, J., Chen, J., Huang, H., Huang, X., He, S., Xu, L.
BMJ Open, 13.04.2024
Tilføjet 13.04.2024
IntroductionInfluenza is a major public health threat, and vaccination is the most effective prevention method. However, vaccination coverage remains suboptimal. Low health literacy regarding influenza vaccination may contribute to vaccine hesitancy. This study aims to evaluate the effect of health education interventions on influenza vaccination rates and health literacy. Methods and analysisThis cluster randomised controlled trial will enrol 3036 students in grades 4–5 from 20 primary schools in Dongguan City, China. Schools will be randomised to an intervention group receiving influenza vaccination health education or a control group receiving routine health education. The primary outcome is the influenza vaccination rate. Secondary outcomes include health literacy levels, influenza diagnosis rate, influenza-like illness incidence and vaccine protection rate. Data will be collected through questionnaires, influenza surveillance and self-reports at baseline and study conclusion. Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been sought from the Ethics Committee of the School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University. Findings from the study will be made accessible to both peer-reviewed journals and key stakeholders. Trial registration numberNCT06048406.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedKatherine R. LandwehrCaitlyn M. GranlandKelly M. MartinovichNaomi M. ScottElke J. SeppanenLuke BerryDeborah StricklandAlma FulurijaPeter C. RichmondLea-Ann S. Kirkham1Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia2School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia3Wal-yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, Perth, Australia4Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia5Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia6Department of Immunology, Perth Children’s Hospital, Child and Adolescent Health Service, Perth, Australia, Igor E. Brodsky
Infection and Immunity, 11.04.2024
Tilføjet 11.04.2024
Chongqiang HuangLiangzheng YuYi XuJiamo HuangYibin QinXuan GuoYongfang ZengYifeng QinKang OuyangZuzhang WeiWeijian HuangAdolfo García-SastreYing Chena Laboratory of Animal Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, People’s Republic of Chinab Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Biologics, Nanning, People’s Republic of Chinac Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Nanning, People’s Republic of Chinad Guangxi Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nanning, People’s Republic of Chinae Guangxi Nongken Yongxin Animal Husbandry Group Co. Ltd., Nanning, People’s Republic of Chinaf Nanning Zhufulai Animal Health Management Co. Ltd., Nanning, People’s Republic of Chinag Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USAh Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USAi Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
Emerg Microbes Infect, 10.04.2024
Tilføjet 10.04.2024
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 10.04.2024
Tilføjet 10.04.2024
To the Editor—We read with great interest the results of the analysis by Harteloh et al [1], who concluded that the death rate in The Netherlands from the 1918–1920 Spanish flu was more than twice as high as the death rate for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in 2020–2022 (ie, 214 vs 98 per 100 000 per year exposure). This is not surprising as the pathogen responsible for the Spanish flu pandemic (ie, influenza virus A/H1N1) was very aggressive, hit a nearly naive population with no prior immunity, and evolved at a time when healthcare and economic resources were extremely limited compared to recent times. To determine whether similar evidence could be replicated in other countries, we used statistics on the total resident population and the number of deaths from the Spanish flu in 1918–1920 [2] and from COVID-19 in 2020 [3] (ie, before the introduction of COVID-19 vaccination at the end of December 2020) in Italy.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAnton ChesnokovAndrei A. IvashchenkoYoko MatsuzakiEmi TakashitaVasiliy P. MishinAlexandre V. IvachtchenkoLarisa V. Gubareva1Influenza Division, NCIRD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia, USA2ChemDiv, San Diego, California, USA3Department of Infectious Diseases, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan4Research Center for Influenza and Respiratory Viruses, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan5AVISA LLC, Hallandale Beach, Florida, USA, Miguel Angel Martinez
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 9.04.2024
Tilføjet 9.04.2024
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 5.04.2024
Tilføjet 5.04.2024
Abstract Background Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection is gaining interest due to the recent development of vaccines, but it is still misdiagnosed in the elderly. The primary objective was to compare all-cause mortality at day 30. Secondary objectives were to compare clinical presentation, and rates of consolidative pneumonia, hospitalization, and intensive care unit (ICU) admission.Methods Single-centre retrospective study conducted in a French university hospital during 7 epidemic seasons. All patients aged ≥75 years were included.Results 558 patients were included: 125 with RSV and 433 with Influenza. Median age was 84.8 years. RSV patients had more respiratory symptoms (wheezing, dyspnea), whereas Influenza patients had more general symptoms (fever, asthenia, myalgia). Consolidative pneumonia (28.8% vs. 17.2%; p = 0.004), hospitalization rates (83.2% vs. 70%; p = 0.003), ICU admissions (7.2% vs. 3.0%; p = 0.034) and length of stay (9 days [2-16] vs. 5 days [0-12]; p = 0.002), were higher in the RSV group. Mortality rates at day 30 were comparable (RSV 9.6%, Influenza 9.7%; p = 0.973).Conclusions This study included the largest cohort of RSV-infected patients aged over 75, documented in-depth thus far. RSV shares a comparable mortality rate with Influenza but is associated with higher rates of consolidative pneumonia, hospitalization, ICU admissions, and extended hospital stays.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedKosuke Tamura, Reiko Shimbashi, Ayu Kasamatsu, Bin Chang, Kenji Gotoh, Yoshinari Tanabe, Koji Kuronuma, Kengo Oshima, Takaya Maruyama, Masashi Nakamatsu, Shuichi Abe, Kei Kasahara, Junichiro Nishi, Yu Arakawa, Yuki Kinjo, Motoi Suzuki, Yukihiro Akeda, Kazunori Oishi, Adult IPD Study Group
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 5.04.2024
Tilføjet 5.04.2024
Streptococcus pneumoniae asymptomatically colonizes the nasopharynx, often causes pneumococcal disease in children and adults, and can enter the bloodstream to cause invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). The most common presentation is bacteremic pneumonia, which accounts for approximately 60% of all adult IPD cases [1]. Adult patients with bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia have a higher in-hospital mortality rate than those without bacteremia [2]. Therefore, understanding the diverse clinical aspects of pneumococcal infection is crucial for effective management and prevention strategies especially in adult population.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedClinical Infectious Diseases, 3.04.2024
Tilføjet 3.04.2024
Abstract Background Research on influenza burden in adults has focused on crude subgroups with cut-points at 65-years, limiting insight into how burden varies with increasing age. This study describes the incidence of influenza-related outpatient visits, emergency room (ER) visits, and hospitalizations, along with healthcare resource use and complications in the aging adult population.Methods Individuals ≥18 years of age in the United States were evaluated retrospectively in five seasonal cohorts (2015–2020 seasons) in strata of age with 5-year increments. Person-level electronic medical records linked to pharmacy and medical claims were used to ascertain patient characteristics and outcomes. Influenza-related medical encounters were identified based on diagnostic codes (ICD-10 codes J09*–J11*).Results Incidence of influenza-related outpatient visits was highest among people aged 18–34 years and declined with increasing age. For ER visits, incidence tended to be elevated for people aged 18–34 years, relatively stable from 35 through 60, and increased rapidly after 60. Hospitalization incidence remained relatively stable until about 50 years of age and then increased with age. One in three patients was diagnosed with pneumonia after hospitalization, regardless of age. Across seasons, age groups, and clinical settings, on average, 40.8% of individuals were prescribed antivirals and 17.2% antibiotics.Conclusions Incidence of influenza-related hospitalizations begins to increase around age 50 rather than the more common cut-point of 65, whereas incidence of outpatient visits was highest among younger adults. Influenza infections frequently led to antiviral and antibiotic prescriptions, underscoring the role influenza vaccination can play in combating antimicrobial resistance.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedXin WangFeiyang PuXuanye YangXili FengJiayou ZhangKai DuanXuanxuan NianZhongren MaXiao-Xia MaXiao-Ming Yanga Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Chinab School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Chinac National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan, Chinad Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co, Ltd, Wuhan, Chinae China National Biotech Group Company Limited, Beijing, China
Virulence, 3.04.2024
Tilføjet 3.04.2024
Hinh LyDepartment of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, MN, USA
Virulence, 3.04.2024
Tilføjet 3.04.2024
Journal of the American Medical Association, 2.04.2024
Tilføjet 2.04.2024
New guidance from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provides updated measures to combat respiratory viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, influenza, and respiratory syncytial virus. The recommendations come at a time when deaths and hospitalizations from COVID-19 have decreased from the peak of the pandemic and the availability of tools to fight respiratory viruses is greater than ever, the agency noted.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedKuo‐Chuan Hung, Ting‐Sian Yu, Kuei‐Fen Wang, I‐Wen Chen
Journal of Medical Virology, 2.04.2024
Tilføjet 2.04.2024
Gianella, Sara; Anderson, Christy; Chaillon, Antoine; Wells, Alan; Porrachia, Magali; Caballero, Gemma; Vargas, Milenka; Lonergan, Joseph; Woodworth, Brendon; Gaitan, Noah; Rawlings, Stephen A.; Muttera, Leticia; Harkness, Liliana; Little, Susan J.; May, Susanne; Smith, Davey
AIDS, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Objective: :We sought to determine if standard influenza and pneumococcal vaccines can be used to stimulate HIV reservoirs during antiretroviral therapy (ART). Design: :Prospective, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial of two clinically recommended vaccines (influenza and pneumococcal). Methods: :Persons with HIV on ART (N = 54) were enrolled in the clinical trial. Blood was collected at baseline and days 2,4,7,14 and 30 postimmunizations. Levels of cellular HIV RNA and HIV DNA were measured by ddPCR. Expression of immunological markers on T cell subsets were measured by flow cytometry. Changes in unspliced cellular HIV RNA from baseline to day 7 postinjection between each vaccine and placebo was the primary outcome. Results: :Forty-seven participants completed at least one cycle and there were no serious adverse events related to the intervention. We observed no significant differences in the change in cellular HIV RNA after either vaccine compared to placebo at any timepoint. In secondary analyses we observed a transient increase in total HIV DNA levels after influenza vaccine, as well as increased T cell activation and exhaustion on CD4+ T cells after pneumococcal vaccine. Conclusions: :Clinically recommended vaccines were safe but did not appear to stimulate the immune system strongly enough to elicit significantly noticeable HIV RNA transcription during ART. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02707692. Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedIván Sanz-Muñoz, Javier Sánchez-Martínez, Carla Rodríguez-Crespo, Irene Arroyo-Hernantes, Marta Domínguez-Gil, Silvia Rojo-Rello, Marta Hernández, José M Eiros
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Since the precise significance of viral load (VL) test for the management and treatment of patients with respiratory viruses remains unknown, it is not a commonly used tool. However, since the COVID-19 pandemic, VL evaluation has gained popularity in the scientific community and healthcare providers due to the possible application in daily clinical practice and research [1–3]. During the worst part of the pandemic, when hospitalization was overcrowded and a huge need for resources was the most important issue, the Ct value (Cycle threshold), a subrogate of the VL, was used as a criterion for discharging patients.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedClinical Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
Abstract Introduction A surge of human influenza A(H7N9) cases began in 2016 in China due to an antigenically distinct lineage. Data are needed about the safety and immunogenicity of 2013 and 2017 A(H7N9) inactivated influenza vaccines (IIVs) and the effects of AS03 adjuvant, prime-boost interval, and priming effects of 2013 and 2017 A(H7N9) IIVs.Methods Healthy adults (n=180), ages 19–50 years, were enrolled into this partially-blinded, randomized, multi-center Phase 2 clinical trial. Participants were randomly assigned to 1 of 6 vaccination groups evaluating homologous versus heterologous prime-boost strategies with two different boost intervals (21 versus 120 days) and two dosages (3.75 or 15 μg of hemagglutinin) administered with or without AS03 adjuvant. Reactogenicity, safety, and immunogenicity measured by hemagglutination inhibition (HAI) and neutralizing antibody titers were assessed.Results Two doses of A(H7N9) IIV were well tolerated, and no safety issues were identified. Although most participants had injection site and systemic reactogenicity, these symptoms were mostly mild to moderate in severity; injection site reactogenicity was greater in vaccination groups receiving adjuvant. Immune responses were greater after an adjuvanted second dose, and with a longer interval between prime and boost. The highest HAI GMT (95%CI) observed against the 2017 A(H7N9) strain was 133.4 (83.6, 212.6) among participants who received homologous, adjuvanted 3.75 ug+AS03/2017 doses with delayed boost interval.Conclusions Administering AS03 adjuvant with the second H7N9 IIV dose and extending the boost interval to 4 months resulted in higher peak antibody responses. These observations can broadly inform strategic approaches for pandemic preparedness. (NCT03589807)
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedPatrick D.J. Sturm, Noud T.H. Hermans, Adri G.M. van der Zanden, Cas J.A. Peters, Tanja Schülin
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
To investigate the prevalence of ampicillin resistance in H. influenzae and the diagnostic accuracy of the EUCAST recommended disc diffusion method to detect the increasingly prevalent ampicillin resistance due to the presence of PBP3 alterations based on mutations in the ftsI gene.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedRijk, M. H., Platteel, T. N., van den Berg, T. M. C., Geersing, G.-J., Little, P., Rutten, F. H., van Smeden, M., Venekamp, R. P.
BMJ Open, 24.03.2024
Tilføjet 24.03.2024
ObjectiveTo identify and synthesise relevant existing prognostic factors (PF) and prediction models (PM) for hospitalisation and all-cause mortality within 90 days in primary care patients with acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). DesignSystematic review. MethodsSystematic searches of MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library were performed. All PF and PM studies on the risk of hospitalisation or all-cause mortality within 90 days in adult primary care LRTI patients were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the Quality in Prognostic Studies tool and Prediction Model Risk Of Bias Assessment Tool tools for PF and PM studies, respectively. The results of included PF and PM studies were descriptively summarised. ResultsOf 2799 unique records identified, 16 were included: 9 PF studies, 6 PM studies and 1 combination of both. The risk of bias was judged high for all studies, mainly due to limitations in the analysis domain. Based on reported multivariable associations in PF studies, increasing age, sex, current smoking, diabetes, a history of stroke, cancer or heart failure, previous hospitalisation, influenza vaccination (negative association), current use of systemic corticosteroids, recent antibiotic use, respiratory rate ≥25/min and diagnosis of pneumonia were identified as most promising candidate predictors. One newly developed PM was externally validated (c statistic 0.74, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.78) whereas the previously hospital-derived CRB-65 was externally validated in primary care in five studies (c statistic ranging from 0.72 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.81) to 0.79 (95% CI 0.65 to 0.92)). None of the PM studies reported measures of model calibration. ConclusionsImplementation of existing models for individualised risk prediction of 90-day hospitalisation or mortality in primary care LRTI patients in everyday practice is hampered by incomplete assessment of model performance. The identified candidate predictors provide useful information for clinicians and warrant consideration when developing or updating PMs using state-of-the-art development and validation techniques. PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022341233.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedSharifa Ezat Wan Puteh, Mohd Shafiq Aazmi, Muhammad Nazri Aziz, Noor ‘Adilah Kamarudin, Jamal I-Ching Sam, Ravindran Thayan, Wan Rozita Wan Mahiyuddin, Wan Noraini Wan Mohamed Noor, Adelina Cheong, Clotilde El Guerche-Séblain, Jean Khor, Eva Nabiha Zamri, Jia-Yong Lam, Zamberi Sekawi
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 22.03.2024
Tilføjet 22.03.2024
by Sharifa Ezat Wan Puteh, Mohd Shafiq Aazmi, Muhammad Nazri Aziz, Noor ‘Adilah Kamarudin, Jamal I-Ching Sam, Ravindran Thayan, Wan Rozita Wan Mahiyuddin, Wan Noraini Wan Mohamed Noor, Adelina Cheong, Clotilde El Guerche-Séblain, Jean Khor, Eva Nabiha Zamri, Jia-Yong Lam, Zamberi Sekawi Background and objectives While influenza circulates year-round in Malaysia, research data on its incidence is scarce. Yet, this information is vital to the improvement of public health through evidence-based policies. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to determine the trends and financial costs of influenza. Methods Data for the years 2016 through 2018 were gathered retrospectively from several sources. These were existing Ministry of Health (MOH) influenza sentinel sites data, two teaching hospitals, and two private medical institutions in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. Expert consensus determined the final estimates of burden for laboratory-confirmed influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory infection (SARI). Economic burden was estimated separately using secondary data supplemented by MOH casemix costing. Results Altogether, data for 11,652 cases of ILI and 5,764 cases of SARI were extracted. The influenza B subtype was found to be predominant in 2016, while influenza A was more prevalent in 2017 and 2018. The distribution timeline revealed that the highest frequency of cases occurred in March and April of all three years. The costs of influenza amounted to MYR 310.9 million over the full three-year period. Conclusions The study provides valuable insights into the dynamic landscape of influenza in Malaysia. The findings reveal a consistent year-round presence of influenza with irregular seasonal peaks, including a notable influenza A epidemic in 2017 and consistent surges in influenza B incidence during March across three years. These findings underscore the significance of continuous monitoring influenza subtypes for informed healthcare strategies as well as advocate for the integration of influenza vaccination into Malaysia’s national immunization program, enhancing overall pandemic preparedness.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedYiming Li, Jianfu Li, Jianping He, Cui Tao
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 21.03.2024
Tilføjet 21.03.2024
by Yiming Li, Jianfu Li, Jianping He, Cui Tao Though Vaccines are instrumental in global health, mitigating infectious diseases and pandemic outbreaks, they can occasionally lead to adverse events (AEs). Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise in effectively identifying and cataloging AEs within clinical reports. Utilizing data from the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) from 1990 to 2016, this study particularly focuses on AEs to evaluate LLMs’ capability for AE extraction. A variety of prevalent LLMs, including GPT-2, GPT-3 variants, GPT-4, and Llama2, were evaluated using Influenza vaccine as a use case. The fine-tuned GPT 3.5 model (AE-GPT) stood out with a 0.704 averaged micro F1 score for strict match and 0.816 for relaxed match. The encouraging performance of the AE-GPT underscores LLMs’ potential in processing medical data, indicating a significant stride towards advanced AE detection, thus presumably generalizable to other AE extraction tasks.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedNew England Journal of Medicine, 21.03.2024
Tilføjet 21.03.2024
New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 390, Issue 12, Page 1155-1156, March 2024.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of the American Medical Association, 19.03.2024
Tilføjet 19.03.2024
This self-controlled case series evaluates stroke risk after administration of either brand of the COVID-19 bivalent vaccine, either brand of the COVID-19 bivalent plus a high-dose or adjuvanted influenza vaccine on the same day, and a high-dose or adjuvanted influenza vaccine in Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years or older.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMed