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13 emner vises.
1
Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia Prophylaxis with Intravenous Pentamidine in Adult Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Patients
Shiela McCollam,
James S. Lewis,
Joseph Bubalo,
Amber Diaz
aOregon Health and Science University Hospitals and Clinics, Portland, Oregon, USA
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 10.10.2022
Tilføjet 10.10.2022
2
Change in Effectiveness of Sotrovimab for Preventing Hospitalization and Mortality for At-risk COVID-19 Outpatients During an Omicron BA.1 and BA.1.1-Predominant Phase
Neil R. Aggarwal, Laurel E. Beaty, Tellen D. Bennett, Nichole E. Carlson, David A. Mayer, Kyle C. Molina, Jennifer Peers, Seth Russell, Matthew K. Wynia, Adit A. Ginde
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 9.10.2022
Tilføjet 10.10.2022
3
Recurrent congenital CMV infection in a sequential pregnancy with severe sequelae, and a possible association with prophylactic valacyclovir treatment: a case report
Tal Brosh-Nissimov, Neta Benshalom-Tirosh, Efrat Bucris, Hagar Morad, Neta S. Zuckerman, Michal Tepperberg Oikawa
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 9.10.2022
Tilføjet 10.10.2022
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection occurs in 0.5-2.2% of pregnancies (Ornoy and Diav-Citrin, 2006). The risks for vertical transmission and fetal disease in primary maternal CMV infection are well described (Revello and Gerna, 2002), allowing prenatal counselling. The risks in pregnant women with evidence of preconceptional immunity are far less defined and management is more difficult. An even more complex situation exists in women with a recent primary infection who are planning pregnancy. A widely accepted recommendation is to wait for at least six months from seroconversion to conception (Ornoy and Diav-Citrin, 2006; Revello and Gerna, 2002), whereas congenital CMV infection (cCMVI) in a sequential pregnancy is an uncommon event.
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4
Increased cases of Influenza C virus in children and adults in Austria, 2022
Jeremy V. Camp, Monika Redlberger‐Fritz
Journal of Medical Virology, 10.10.2022
Tilføjet 10.10.2022
5
Deletion patterns, genetic variability and protein structure of pfhrp2 and pfhrp3: implications for malaria rapid diagnostic test in Amhara region, Ethiopia
Malaria Journal, 8.10.2022
Tilføjet 9.10.2022
Abstract
Background
Although rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) play a key role in malaria-control strategies, their efficacy has been threatened by deletion and genetic variability of the genes pfhrp2/3. This study aims to characterize the deletion, genetic patterns and diversity of these genes and their implication for malaria RDT effectiveness, as well as their genetic evolution in the Amhara region of Ethiopia.
Methods
The study included 354 isolates from symptomatic patients from the Amhara region of Ethiopia who tested positive by microscopy. Exon 1–2 and exon 2 of genes pfhrp2 and -3 were amplified, and exon 2 was sequenced to analyse the genetic diversity, phylogenetic relationship and epitope availability.
Results
The deletion frequency in exon 1–2 and exon 2 was 22 and 4.6% for pfhrp2, and 68 and 18% for pfhrp3, respectively. Double deletion frequency for pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 was 1.4%. High genetic diversity, lack of clustering by phylogenetic analysis and evidence of positive selection suggested a diversifying selection for both genes. The amino-acid sequences, classified into different haplotypes, varied widely in terms of frequency of repeats, with novel amino-acid changes. Aminoacidic repetition type 2 and type 7 were the most frequent in all the sequences. The most frequent epitopes among protein sequences were those recognized by MAbs 3A4 and C1-13.
Conclusion
Deletions and high amino acidic variation in pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 suggest their possible impact on RDT use in the Amhara region, and the high genetic diversity of these genes could be associated with a diversifying selection in Ethiopia. Surveillance of these genes is, therefore, essential to ensure the effectiveness of public health interventions in this region.
Graphical Abstract
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6
Modes of therapeutic delivery in synthetic microbiology
Laura M. Alexander, Jan-Peter van Pijkeren
Trends in Microbiology, 8.10.2022
Tilføjet 9.10.2022
For decades, bacteria have been exploited as vectors for vaccines and therapeutics. However, the bacterial arsenal used has historically been limited to a few strains. Advancements in immunology, combined with the development of genetic tools, have expanded our strategies and capabilities to engineer bacteria using various delivery strategies. Depending on the application, each delivery strategy requires specific considerations, optimization, and safety concerns. Here, we review various modes of therapeutic delivery used to target or vaccinate against a variety of ailments in preclinical models and in clinical trials.
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7
Effectiveness of mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infections during the periods of Delta and Omicron variant predominance in Japan: The VENUS Study
Wataru Mimura, Chieko Ishiguro, Megumi Maeda, Fumiko Murata, Haruhisa Fukuda
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 8.10.2022
Tilføjet 8.10.2022
8
Characterization of sepsis inflammatory endotypes using circulatory proteins in patients with severe infection: a prospective cohort study
BMC Infectious Diseases, 8.10.2022
Tilføjet 8.10.2022
Abstract
Background
Sepsis is a heterogeneous syndrome due to a variable range of dysregulated processes in the host immune response. Efforts are made to stratify patients for personalized immune-based treatments and better prognostic prediction. Using gene expression data, different inflammatory profiles have been identified. However, it remains unknown whether these endotypes mirror inflammatory proteome profiling, which would be more feasible to assess in clinical practice. We aim to identify different inflammatory endotypes based on circulating proteins in a cohort of moderately ill patients with severe infection (Sepsis-2 criteria).
Methods
In this prospective study, 92 inflammatory plasma markers were profiled using a targeted proteome platform and compared between patients with severe infection (Sepsis-2 criteria) and healthy controls. To identify endotypes with different inflammatory profiles, we performed hierarchical clustering of patients based on the differentially expressed proteins, followed by clinical and demographic characterization of the observed endotypes.
Results
In a cohort of 167 patients with severe infection and 192 healthy individuals, we found 62 differentially expressed proteins. Inflammatory proteins such as TNFSF14, OSM, CCL23, IL-6, and HGF were upregulated, while TRANCE, DNER and SCF were downregulated in patients. Unsupervised clustering identified two different inflammatory profiles. One endotype showed significantly higher inflammatory protein abundance, and patients with this endotype were older and showed lower lymphocyte counts compared to the low inflammatory endotype.
Conclusions
By identifying endotypes based on inflammatory proteins in moderately ill patients with severe infection, our study suggests that inflammatory proteome profiling can be useful for patient stratification.
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9
Current immunoassays and detection of antibodies elicited by Omicron SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
M. Migueres, S. Chapuy‐Regaud, M. Miédougé, T. Jamme, C. Lougarre, I. Da Silva, M. Pucelle, L. Staes, M. Porcheron, C. Diméglio, J. Izopet
Journal of Medical Virology, 8.10.2022
Tilføjet 8.10.2022
10
LEUKOTRIENE METABOLISM AND PROIFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES IN CRIMEAN CONGO HEMORRHAGIC FEVER
Kübra Doğan, Serkan Bolat, Caner Öksüz, Seyit Ali Büyüktuna
Journal of Medical Virology, 8.10.2022
Tilføjet 8.10.2022
11
The impact of cerebrospinal fluid viral polymerase chain reaction testing on the management of adults with viral meningitis: a multi‐centre retrospective study
Myong Gyu Kim, Trine Gulholm, Kate Lennard, Feras Mirdad, Kristen Overton, Michael Maley, Pamela Konecny, David Andresen, Jeffrey John Post, for the Sydney Partnerships for Health, Education, Research and Enterprise (SPHERE) Hospitals Infection Study Group
Journal of Medical Virology, 8.10.2022
Tilføjet 8.10.2022
12
Dynamics of racial disparities in all-cause mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic
Hélène E. AschmannAlicia R. RileyRuijia ChenYea-Hung ChenKirsten Bibbins-DomingoAndrew C. StokesM. Maria GlymourMathew V. KiangaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158bDepartment of Sociology, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064cDepartment of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118dDepartment of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94304
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 20.09.2022
Tilføjet 8.10.2022
13
Containing novel SARS-CoV-2 variants at source is possible with high-intensity sequencing
Tobias S Brett
Pejman Rohani
,
Marenda Wilson-Pham
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 19.08.2022
Tilføjet 8.10.2022