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1
Measles Control So Far in 2024: 'Not Off to a Great Start'
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 16.03.2024
Tilføjet 16.03.2024
The recent rise in cases across the country is linked to unvaccinated travelers and lower-than-ideal vaccination rates, experts said. WebMD Health News
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2
Communicable disease threats report, 10-16 March 2024, week 11
ECDC
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 15.03.2024
Tilføjet 15.03.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 10-16 March 2024 and includes updates on SARS-CoV-2 variant classification, avian influenza, measles, cholera, and overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EE.
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3
Communicable disease threats report, 10-16 March 2024, week 11
ECDC
ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report, 15.03.2024
Tilføjet 15.03.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 10-16 March 2024 and includes updates on SARS-CoV-2 variant classification, avian influenza, measles, cholera, and overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EE.
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4
Hormones and Viruses Influence Each Other
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 15.03.2024
Tilføjet 15.03.2024
A better understanding of the interaction of hormone systems with infectious agents is needed to improve therapeutic applications. Medscape Medical News
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5
Epilepsy Linked to Higher COVID Hospitalization, Death Rates
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 15.03.2024
Tilføjet 15.03.2024
Epilepsy was linked to a significantly increased the risk for hospitalization and death from COVID-19 early in the pandemic, while healthcare utilization rates declined. Medscape Medical News
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6
Surveillance of infections of surgical sites and lower respiratory tracts should be combined: experiences from the German surveillance module for operated patients (OP-KISS), 2018 to 2022
Seven Johannes Sam Aghdassi, Selin Saydan, Michael Behnke, Jörg Clausmeyer, Petra Gastmeier and Christine Geffers
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 15.03.2024
Tilføjet 15.03.2024
BackgroundSurveillance of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) of operated patients conventionally focuses on intubated patients in intensive care units (ICU). Post-operative immobilisation increases the risk of LRTI not associated with ventilators. Operated patients, however, have thus far not been a primary target for LRTI surveillance. AimWe aimed to describe the applied LRTI surveillance method in the German surveillance module for operated patients (OP-KISS) and to report data between 2018 and 2022. MethodsSurveillance of LRTI can be performed voluntarily in addition to surgical site infection (SSI) surveillance in OP-KISS. We calculated LRTI rates per 100 operations for all procedures combined, as well as for individual surgical groups and procedures. Additionally, a combined post-operative infection rate (SSI and LRTI) was calculated. ResultsSurveillance of LRTI was performed in 4% of all participating OP-KISS departments and for 2% (23,239 of 1,332,438) of all procedures in the OP-KISS database. The pooled LRTI rate was 0.9 per 100 operations, with marked differences between different types of surgery (3.6 for lobectomies, 0.1 for traumatology and orthopaedics). The share of LRTI among all post-operative infections was highly variable. For lobectomies, the LRTI rate was higher than the SSI rate (3.6 vs 1.5 per 100 operations). ConclusionSurveillance of post-operative LRTI is not yet widely adopted by German hospitals. Based on the data in this study, lobectomies represent a prime target for post-operative LRTI surveillance.
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7
High proportion of post-migration HIV acquisition in migrant men who have sex with men receiving HIV care in the Paris region, and associations with social disadvantage and sexual behaviours: results of the ANRS-MIE GANYMEDE study, France, 2021 to 2022
Romain Palich, Andrés Arias-Rodríguez, Martin Duracinsky, Jean-Yves Le Talec, Olivia Rousset Torrente, Caroline Lascoux-Combe, Karine Lacombe, Jade Ghosn, Jean-Paul Viard, Gilles Pialoux, Michel Ohayon, Claudine Duvivier, Annie Velter, Mohamed Ben Mechlia, Lydie Beniguel, Sophie Grabar, Maria Melchior, Lambert Assoumou, Virginie Supervie and GANYMEDE study group
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 15.03.2024
Tilføjet 15.03.2024
BackgroundSome migrant men who have sex with men (MSM) acquire HIV in France. AimsWe investigated, in migrant MSM receiving HIV care in France, the (i) rate of post-migration-HIV acquisition in France, (ii) delay between arrival and HIV acquisition and (iii) factors affecting HIV acquisition within 1 year after migration. MethodsThis cross-sectional study focused on ≥ 18-year-old MSM born outside France, receiving HIV care in the Paris region. Information on migration history, socioeconomic condition, sexual activity, and health was collected in May 2021–June 2022 through self-administered questionnaires and medical records. Post-migration-HIV-acquisition rate and delay between arrival in France and HIV acquisition were estimated from biographical data and CD4+ T-cell counts. Predictors of HIV acquisition within 1 year after migration were determined using logistic regression. ResultsOverall post-migration HIV-acquisition rate was 61.7% (715/1,159; 95%CI: 61.2–62.2), ranging from 40.5% (95%CI: 39.6–41.6) to 85.4% (95%CI: 83.9–86.0) in participants from Latin America and North Africa. Among post-migration-HIV acquisitions, those within 1 year after migration represented 13.1% overall (95%CI: 11.6–14.6), being highest in participants from sub-Saharan Africa (25%; 95%CI: 21.5–28.3). Participants ≥ 15-years old at migration, with post-migration-acquired HIV, had a 7.5-year median interval from arrival in France to HIV acquisition (interquartile range (IQR): 3.50–14.75). Older age at arrival, region of origin (sub-Saharan Africa and Asia), degree of social disadvantage and numbers of sexual partners were independently associated with acquiring HIV within 1 year in France. ConclusionOur findings may guide HIV prevention policies for most vulnerable migrants to Europe.
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8
Regional dissemination of NDM-1 producing Enterobacter hormaechei ST1740, with a subset of strains co-producing VIM-4 or IMP-13, France, 2019 to 2022
Inès Rezzoug, Cécile Emeraud, Christophe Rodriguez, Jean-Michel Pawlotsky, Rémy A. Bonnin and Laurent Dortet
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 15.03.2024
Tilføjet 15.03.2024
BackgroundFrom 2019 to 2022, the French National Reference Centre for Antibiotic Resistance (NRC) received a total of 25 isolates of Enterobacter hormaechei subsp. hoffmannii sequence type (ST)1740. All produced metallo-β-lactamase(s) and were from the Lyon area. AimTo understand these strains’ spread and evolution, more extended microbiological and molecular analyses were conducted. MethodsPatients’ demographics and specimen type related to isolates were retrieved. All strains underwent short-read whole genome sequencing, and for 15, long-read sequencing to understand carbapenemase-gene acquisition. Clonal relationships were inferred from core-genome single nt polymorphisms (SNPs). Plasmids and the close genetic environment of each carbapenemase-encoding gene were analysed. ResultsPatients (10 female/15 male) were on average 56.6 years old. Seven isolates were recovered from infections and 18 through screening. With ≤ 27 SNPs difference between each other’s genome sequences, the 25 strains represented a clone dissemination. All possessed a chromosome-encoded blaNDM-1 gene inside a composite transposon flanked by two IS3000. While spreading, the clone independently acquired a blaVIM-4-carrying plasmid of IncHI2 type (n = 12 isolates), or a blaIMP-13-carrying plasmid of IncP-1 type (n = 1 isolate). Of the 12 isolates co-producing NDM-1 and VIM-4, seven harboured the colistin resistance gene mcr9.2; the remaining five likely lost this gene through excision. ConclusionThis long-term outbreak was caused by a chromosome-encoded NDM-1-producing ST1740 E. hormaechei subsp. hoffmannii clone, which, during its dissemination, acquired plasmids encoding VIM-4 or IMP-13 metallo-β-lactamases. To our knowledge, IMP-13 has not prior been reported in Enterobacterales in France. Epidemiological and environmental investigations should be considered alongside microbiological and molecular ones.
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9
Ongoing mpox outbreak in Kamituga, South Kivu province, associated with monkeypox virus of a novel Clade I sub-lineage, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 2024
Leandre Murhula Masirika, Jean Claude Udahemuka, Leonard Schuele, Pacifique Ndishimye, Saria Otani, Justin Bengehya Mbiribindi, Jean M. Marekani, Léandre Mutimbwa Mambo, Nadine Malyamungu Bubala, Marjan Boter, David F. Nieuwenhuijse, Trudie Lang, Ernest Balyahamwabo Kalalizi, Jean Pierre Musabyimana, Frank M. Aarestrup, Marion Koopmans, Bas B. Oude Munnink and Freddy Belesi Siangoli
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 15.03.2024
Tilføjet 15.03.2024
Since the beginning of 2023, the number of people with suspected monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection have sharply increased in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). We report near-to-complete MPXV genome sequences derived from six cases from the South Kivu province. Phylogenetic analyses reveal that the MPXV affecting the cases belongs to a novel Clade I sub-lineage. The outbreak strain genome lacks the target sequence of the probe and primers of a commonly used Clade I-specific real-time PCR.
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10
Protocol for a COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness multi-country cohort study in the paediatric population aged 5–17-years using electronic health records in EU/EEA countries
ECDC
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 15.03.2024
Tilføjet 15.03.2024
This protocol describes the common methodology to be applied to established health data registries across seven participating EU/EEA Member States to estimate vaccine effectiveness for Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in children and adolescents aged 5-17 years old.
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11
Opinion: COVID, 4 Years on
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 15.03.2024
Tilføjet 15.03.2024
A quick update on some important new data Medscape
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12
Five Keys to Helping Long-COVID Patients Recover
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 15.03.2024
Tilføjet 15.03.2024
Certain strategies have proven helpful for sufferers of long COVID as they slowly progress through recovery. Medscape Medical News
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13
Notes from the Field: Measles Outbreak - Cook County, Illinois, October-November 2023
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 14.03.2024
Tilføjet 14.03.2024
This report describes a measles outbreak occurring in unvaccinated, vaccine-eligible children at an apartment complex in Cook County, Illinois.
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14
Notes from the Field: Surveillance for Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children - United States, 2023
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 14.03.2024
Tilføjet 14.03.2024
This report describes changes in multisystem inflammatory syndrome cases among children since early in the COVID-19 pandemic.
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15
Outbreak Linked to Morel Mushroom Exposure - Montana, 2023
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 14.03.2024
Tilføjet 14.03.2024
This report describes an outbreak linked to consumption of raw morel mushrooms.
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16
Timing the New Meningitis Shots Serogroup Top 5's
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 14.03.2024
Tilføjet 14.03.2024
Clinicians are evaluating optimal timing for vaccination now that the first pentavalent vaccine against all five major serogroups of meningococcal disease is available. Medscape Medical News
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17
Routine Viral Testing in EDs Has Limited Benefit
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 14.03.2024
Tilføjet 14.03.2024
Rapid testing doesn\'t necessarily reduce antibiotic use but can help in specific cases with high-risk patients and infection control in hospitals. Medscape Medical News
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18
Merck to Test Single-dose Regimen Of HPV Vaccine Gardasil 9
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 14.03.2024
Tilføjet 14.03.2024
Merck & Co said on Wednesday it plans to conduct clinical trials testing its human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine Gardasil 9 to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a... Reuters Health Information
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19
Risk for Preterm Birth Stops Maternal RSV Vaccine Trial
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 14.03.2024
Tilføjet 14.03.2024
With a maternal vaccine already on the market to protect newborns from RSV, the outlook for another looked promising, but latest phase 3 trial of a new candidate is now halted over safety concerns. Medscape Medical News
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20
Prevention and Impact of Respiratory Syncytial Virus
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 14.03.2024
Tilføjet 14.03.2024
Almost 10,000 older adults die each year due to respiratory syncytial virus. Two new FDA-approved RSV vaccines may help lower that number, and also ease congestion in hospitals. Medscape
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21
Inexperience Diagnosing Syphilis Adding to Higher Rates
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 14.03.2024
Tilføjet 14.03.2024
After years of not seeing any cases of syphilis, rising rates mean that clinicians are having to refresh their diagnostic and treatment skills for the sexually transmitted infection. Medscape Medical News
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22
Diabetes Raises Herpes Zoster Hospitalisation Risk
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 13.03.2024
Tilføjet 13.03.2024
Rates of hospitalisation, rehospitalisation, and complications are higher among people with diabetes. Medscape UK
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23
SURVEILLANCE SUMMARIES: Surveillance of Waterborne Disease Outbreaks Associated with Drinking Water - United States, 2015-2020
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 12.03.2024
Tilføjet 12.03.2024
This report describes CDC surveillance of waterborne disease outbreaks associated with drinking water during 2015-2020.
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24
Forskere arbejder på vaccine mod mavesår
Statens Serum Institut, 12.03.2024
Tilføjet 12.03.2024
Statens Serum Institut er i samarbejde med forskere fra hele Europa i gang med at udvikle en vaccine, der kan beskytte mod blandt andet mavesår. I denne uge samles samarbejdspartnere til årsmøde på SSI.
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