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47 ud af 47 tidsskrifter valgt, ingen søgeord valgt, emner højest 7 dage gamle, sorteret efter nyeste først.
206 emner vises.
Xiao-Jian ZhouJason LickliterMaureen MontrondLaura IshakKeith PietropaoloDayle JamesBruce BelangerArantxa HorgaJanet Hammond1Atea Pharmaceuticals Inc, Boston, Massachusetts, USA2Nucleus Network, Melbourne, Australia, Miguel Angel Martinez
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 26.03.2024
Tilføjet 26.03.2024
Sabrina MühlenAnn Kathrin HerovenBettina ElxnatSilke KahlDietmar H. PieperPetra Dersch1Department of Molecular Infection Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany2Institute of Infectiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany3German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site HZI, Braunschweig, and associated site University of Münster, Münster, Germany4Department of Molecular Immunology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany5Microbial Interactions and Processes, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany, Anne-Catrin Uhlemann
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 26.03.2024
Tilføjet 26.03.2024
Jeffrey B. LockeChris M. PillarMariana CastanheiraCecilia G. CarvalhaesDavid AndesJalal A. AramChristina AndrzejewskiKen BartizalAnita F. DasTaylor SandisonGeorge R. ThompsonPeter G. Pappas1Cidara Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, California, USA2Science and Operations, Microbiologics, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA3JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, Iowa, USA4Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA5Medical Affairs, Melinta Therapeutics, LLC, Parsippany, New Jersey, USA6Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine and Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, California, USA7Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA, Andreas H. Groll
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 26.03.2024
Tilføjet 26.03.2024
Mariam RimaSaoussen OueslatiGarance CotelonElodie CretonRémy A. BonninLaurent DortetBogdan I. IorgaThierry Naas1Team ReSIST, INSERM U1184, School of Medicine Université Paris-Saclay, LabEx LERMIT, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France2Bacteriology-Hygiene Unit, Assistance Publique/Hôpitaux de Paris, Bicêtre Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France3French National Reference Center for Antibiotic Resistance: Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France4Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UPR 2301, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Gif-sur-Yvette, France, Alessandra Carattoli
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 26.03.2024
Tilføjet 26.03.2024
BMC Infectious Diseases, 25.03.2024
Tilføjet 25.03.2024
Abstract Background Pakistan witnessed five waves of COVID-19 infections during the pandemic. Punjab, the largest province of Pakistan, remained the epicentre due to a high infection rate. Administrative data for five waves of the pandemic was analyzed to determine the rate of infections and the significance of pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions on the severity and duration of infection. Methodology COVID-19 data from March 2020 to May 2023 was obtained from the Provincial Public Health Reference Laboratory (PPHRL), Punjab AIDS Control Program, Lahore. The data included samples from index cases, contacts, and recovered patients. A total of 36,252,48 cases were screened for COVID-19, and 90,923 (2.50%) were detected positive by RT-PCR, accounting for 5.69% of the cases reported positive throughout the country. Results Among the positive cases, 50.86% (n = 46,244) cases were new cases (registered for the first time), 40.41% (n = 36751) were the contact cases traced from the newly identified cases and 8.62% (n = 7842) repeated cases. The positivity rates among index cases were reported to be 2.37%, 2.34%, 4.61%, 2.09%, and 1.19%, respectively, for the five respective COVID-19 pandemic waves. Distribution by gender indicated that 64% of males and 35% of females were infected during the pandemic. The age factor demonstrated the most susceptibility to infection in women aged 19-29 years, whereas most males between the ages of 29-39 had an infection. Susceptibility to COVID-19 infection was observed to be equally likely between males and females; however, clinical outcomes indicated that infections in males were more severe and often resulted in fatalities as compared to those in females. This trend was also reflected in the viral titer as measured by the Ct values, where 40% of males had Ct values < 25 (an indicator of high viral titers) compared to 30% of females with Ct values < 25. Conclusion Overall, our data indicated that infection rates remained stable throughout the pandemic except for 3rd wave, which showed a higher incidence of infection rate of 4%. Additionally, data showed a positive impact of masking, social distancing, and immunization, as indicated by the shorter window of high infection rates.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedClinical Infectious Diseases, 25.03.2024
Tilføjet 25.03.2024
Abstract Background In 2019, the South African tuberculosis program replaced ethionamide with linezolid as a part of an all-oral 9-month regimen. We evaluated treatment outcomes for patients assigned to regimens including linezolid in 2019 and ethionamide in 2017.Method This retrospective cohort study included patients treated for multi-drug resistant/rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis throughout South Africa between 1 Jan to 31 Dec 2017 and from 1 Jan to 31 Dec 2019. The cohort treated with a 9-month regimen containing ethionamide for four months, was compared with a cohort treated with a 9-month regimen containing linezolid for two months. The regimens were otherwise identical. Inverse probability weighting of propensity scores was used to adjust for potential confounding. A log-binomial regression model was used to estimate adjusted relative risk (aRR) comparing 24-month outcomes between cohorts including treatment success, death, loss to follow up, and treatment failure. Adverse event data were available for the linezolid cohort.Findings 817 patients were included in the cohort receiving ethionamide and 4244 in the cohort receiving linezolid. No evidence for a difference was observed between linezolid and ethionamide regimens for treatment success (aRR = 0·96, 95%CI 0·91-1·01), death (aRR = 1·01, 95%CI 0·87-1·17) or treatment failure (aRR = 0·87, 95%CI 0·44-1·75). Loss to follow up was more common in the linezolid group, although estimates were imprecise (aRR = 1·22, 95%CI 0·99-1·50).Interpretation No significant differences in treatment success and survival were observed with substitution of linezolid for ethionamide as a part of an all-oral 9-month regimen. Linezolid is an acceptable alternative to ethionamide in this shorter regimen for treatment of multi-drug resistant/rifampicin resistant tuberculosis.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedClinical Infectious Diseases, 25.03.2024
Tilføjet 25.03.2024
Abstract A case of a male with human immunodeficiency virus with plasma genotyping detecting no resistance and a CRF02_AG subtype had a controlled HIV RNA on antiretroviral therapy since 2010. We introduced intramuscular therapy with cabotegravir and rilpivirine. One month later, his HIV RNA was 1500 copies/mL; genotyping found a subtype B with many mutations.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedClinical Infectious Diseases, 25.03.2024
Tilføjet 25.03.2024
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 25.03.2024
Tilføjet 25.03.2024
Abstract Background A barrier to hepatitis C virus (HCV) cure is conventional testing. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of HCV antibody and RNA point-of-care-testing (POCT) on testing rates, linkage to care, treatment and acceptability of testing in three priority settings in Australia.Methods Participants were enrolled in an interventional cohort study at a reception prison, inpatient mental health service (MHS), and inpatient alcohol and other drug (AOD) unit—between October 2020 and December 2021. HCV POCT was performed using SD Bioline HCV antibody fingerstick test and a reflexive Xpert® HCV Viral Load Fingerstick test using capillary blood samples. A retrospective audit of HCV testing and treatment data was performed at each site for the preceding 12-month period to generate a historical control.Results 1,549 participants received a HCV antibody test with 17% (264/1,549) receiving a positive result, of which 21% (55/264) tested HCV RNA positive. Across all settings the rate of testing per year significantly increased between the historical controls and the study intervention period by three-fold (RR:2.57 95% CI: 2.32, 2.85) for HCV antibody testing and four-fold (RR:1.62; 95% CI:1.31, 2.01) for RNA testing. Treatment uptake was higher during the POCT intervention (86%, 47/55; P=0.010) compared to the historical controls (61%, 27/44).Conclusions This study demonstrated across three settings that the use of HCV antibody and RNA POCT increased testing rates, treatment uptake linkage to care. The testing model was highly acceptable for most participants.Clinical Trial Registration ACTRN-12621001578897
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMartin Strnad, Nobuo Koizumi, Shuichi Nakamura, Marie Vancová, Ryan O.M. Rego
Trends in Parasitology, 24.03.2024
Tilføjet 24.03.2024
Pathogenic spirochetes cause a range of serious human diseases such as Lyme disease (LD), syphilis, leptospirosis, relapsing fever (RF), and periodontal disease. Motility is a critical virulence factor for spirochetes. From the mechanical perspective of the infection, it has been widely believed that flagella are the sole key players governing the migration and dissemination of these pathogens in the host. Here, we highlight the important contribution of spirochetal surface-exposed adhesive molecules and their dynamic interactions with host molecules in the process of infection, specifically in spirochetal swimming and crawling migration. We believe that these recent findings overturn the prevailing view depicting the spirochetal body to be just an inert elastic bag, which does not affect spirochetal cell locomotion.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedRijk, M. H., Platteel, T. N., van den Berg, T. M. C., Geersing, G.-J., Little, P., Rutten, F. H., van Smeden, M., Venekamp, R. P.
BMJ Open, 24.03.2024
Tilføjet 24.03.2024
ObjectiveTo identify and synthesise relevant existing prognostic factors (PF) and prediction models (PM) for hospitalisation and all-cause mortality within 90 days in primary care patients with acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). DesignSystematic review. MethodsSystematic searches of MEDLINE, Embase and the Cochrane Library were performed. All PF and PM studies on the risk of hospitalisation or all-cause mortality within 90 days in adult primary care LRTI patients were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the Quality in Prognostic Studies tool and Prediction Model Risk Of Bias Assessment Tool tools for PF and PM studies, respectively. The results of included PF and PM studies were descriptively summarised. ResultsOf 2799 unique records identified, 16 were included: 9 PF studies, 6 PM studies and 1 combination of both. The risk of bias was judged high for all studies, mainly due to limitations in the analysis domain. Based on reported multivariable associations in PF studies, increasing age, sex, current smoking, diabetes, a history of stroke, cancer or heart failure, previous hospitalisation, influenza vaccination (negative association), current use of systemic corticosteroids, recent antibiotic use, respiratory rate ≥25/min and diagnosis of pneumonia were identified as most promising candidate predictors. One newly developed PM was externally validated (c statistic 0.74, 95% CI 0.71 to 0.78) whereas the previously hospital-derived CRB-65 was externally validated in primary care in five studies (c statistic ranging from 0.72 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.81) to 0.79 (95% CI 0.65 to 0.92)). None of the PM studies reported measures of model calibration. ConclusionsImplementation of existing models for individualised risk prediction of 90-day hospitalisation or mortality in primary care LRTI patients in everyday practice is hampered by incomplete assessment of model performance. The identified candidate predictors provide useful information for clinicians and warrant consideration when developing or updating PMs using state-of-the-art development and validation techniques. PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022341233.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedChimoyi, L., Ndini, P., Oladimeji, M., Seatlholo, N., Mawokomatanda, K., Charalambous, S., Setswe, G.
BMJ Open, 24.03.2024
Tilføjet 24.03.2024
ObjectiveTo explore the syndemic interaction between social, environmental, and structural contexts and HIV infection in peri-mining areas in South Africa. DesignMixed qualitative methods consisting of in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) exploring the interaction between HIV infection and the social, environmental and structural factors affecting people living in the peri-mining areas of South Africa. Themes were analysed following the syndemic theoretical framework. SettingParticipants were recruited from three mining companies and locations in the peri-mining communities surrounding the mining companies in Limpopo, Mpumalanga, and Northern Cape provinces. ParticipantsInclusion criteria included mineworkers, healthcare workers, female sex workers (FSWs), injection drug users (IDUs), and other community members, ≥18 years, living in the peri-mining area at the time of participation. Three FGDs were conducted (n=30): 13 men and 17 women aged 18–55 years. IDIs were conducted with 45 participants: mineworkers (n=10), healthcare workers (n=11), FSWs (n=15), truck drivers (n=4) and IDUs (n=5). ResultsThe findings from this study indicate that a syndemic of four socio-behavioural factors is associated with HIV acquisition in peri-mining areas. These are migrancy, accessibility to alcohol and substance use, commercial and transactional sex, and uptake of HIV prevention services. ConclusionsOur findings have implications for HIV prevention programmes in mining companies, which rely on male condom usage promotion. More emphasis on better education about HIV prevalence, transmission and up-to-date prevention alternatives, such as pre-exposure prophylaxis for mineworkers is recommended. Furthermore, collaboration with community-based organisations is recommended to wholly address the syndemic factors influencing HIV transmission in peri-mining communities.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBurke, A., Davoren, M. P., Arensman, E., Harrington, J. M.
BMJ Open, 24.03.2024
Tilføjet 24.03.2024
ObjectivePsychoeducation is increasingly recognised for its value in facilitating adaption to a chronic disease diagnosis. This study aimed to synthesise available literature on the psychoeducation interventions available to adults living with chronic communicable disease. MethodsPubMed, CINAHL, Embase, SocINDEX, PsycINFO and PsycArticles were systematically searched up to May 2023. Peer-reviewed studies, published in English, investigating the impact of psychoeducational interventions on adults living with chronic communicable disease were included, across a range of outcome measures. Narrative synthesis was performed. The Effective Public Health Practice Project tool and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool were used to assess risk of bias. ResultsIn total, 22 studies were included in the review. The majority (n=16) of study populations focused on people living with HIV, followed by hepatitis C (n=5) and genital herpes (n=1). Interventions were delivered online (n=2), via telephone (n=1) and in-person (n=19). The majority of interventions were delivered in group sessions (n=16) and studies emphasised the value of group cohesion for social support, encouraging participants to share their own knowledge in addition to standard didactic presentations. Four studies facilitated peer-led delivery of the psychoeducation. Studies aiming to improve psychological well-being were beneficial in reducing depressive symptoms and/or emotional distress or showed improvement in the participant group overall. There was some evidence to suggest psychoeducation can improve readiness to attend treatment and medication adherence. ConclusionThe findings of this review highlight potential benefits of psychoeducation but indicate more robust clinical trials will be required to examine their effectiveness and elucidate the mechanisms by which they best operate. Future interventions incorporating a broader focus on resilience enhancement and coping skills specific to stigmatisation could more comprehensively serve the needs of adults living with chronic communicable disease, particularly with HIV. The role of peer support in group psychoeducation merits further exploration. PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021243058.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedLiu, W., Wang, J., Wang, M., Ding, X., Wang, M., Liu, M.
BMJ Open, 24.03.2024
Tilføjet 24.03.2024
ObjectiveThis study aimed to systematically investigate the relationship between immune-inflammatory indexes with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs). DesignCross-sectional study. SettingNational Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2005–2008). ParticipantsA total of 2709 men with complete information for immune-inflammatory indexes and LUTSs were included from NHANES 2005–2008. Outcomes and analysesAutomated haematology analysing devices are used to measure blood cell counts, and LUTSs were presented by standard questionnaires. Non-linear and logistic regression analyses were used to estimate their association after adjustment for confounders. ResultsMultivariate logistic regression showed that pan-immune-inflammation value (OR (95% CI)=1.60 (1.14 to 2.23)), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) (OR (95% CI)=1.82 (1.21 to 2.73)), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (OR (95% CI)=1.81 (1.31 to 2.49)), derived NLR (dNLR) (OR (95% CI)=1.91 (1.35 to 2.70)) and C reactive protein (CRP) (OR (95% CI)=1.71 (1.05 to 2.79)) was positively associated with LUTS. Additionally, composite immune-inflammation markers exhibited a stronger association with LUTS than any single index, with the ORs for high SIRI+high CRP, high NLR+high CRP and high dNLR+high CRP being 2.26, 2.44 and 2.16, respectively (all p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedZhang, M., Htun, N. S. N., Islam, S., Sen, A., Islam, A., Neogi, A. K., Tripura, R., Dysoley, L., Perrone, C., Chew, R., Batty, E. M., Thongpiam, W., Wongsantichon, J., Menggred, C., Zaman, S. I., Waithira, N., Blacksell, S., Liverani, M., Lee, S., Maude, R. J., Day, N. P. J., Lubell, Y., Peto, T. J.
BMJ Open, 24.03.2024
Tilføjet 24.03.2024
IntroductionIn low-income and middle-income countries in Southeast Asia, the burden of diseases among rural population remains poorly understood, posing a challenge for effective healthcare prioritisation and resource allocation. Addressing this knowledge gap, the South and Southeast Asia Community-based Trials Network (SEACTN) will undertake a survey that aims to determine the prevalence of a wide range of non-communicable and communicable diseases, as one of the key initiatives of its first project—the Rural Febrile Illness project (RFI). This survey, alongside other RFI studies that explore fever aetiology, leading causes of mortality, and establishing village and health facility maps and profiles, will provide an updated epidemiological background of the rural areas where the network is operational. Methods and analysisDuring 2022–2023, a cross-sectional household survey will be conducted across three SEACTN sites in Bangladesh, Cambodia and Thailand. Using a two-stage cluster-sampling approach, we will employ a probability-proportional-to-size sample method for village, and a simple random sample for household, selection, enrolling all members from the selected households. Approximately 1500 participants will be enrolled per country. Participants will undergo questionnaire interview, physical examination and haemoglobin point-of-care testing. Blood samples will be collected and sent to central laboratories to test for chronic and acute infections, and biomarkers associated with cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. Prevalences will be presented as an overall estimate by country, and stratified and compared across sites and participants’ sociodemographic characteristics. Associations between disease status, risk factors and other characteristics will be explored. Ethics and disseminationThis study protocol has been approved by the Oxford Tropical Research Ethics Committee, National Research Ethics Committee of Bangladesh Medical Research Council, the Cambodian National Ethics Committee for Health Research, the Chiang Rai Provincial Public Health Research Ethical Committee. The results will be disseminated via the local health authorities and partners, peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations. Trial registration numberNCT05389540.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 24.03.2024
Tilføjet 24.03.2024
Abstract Background Men who have sex with men (MSM) are a key population group disproportionately affected by HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) worldwide. In Rwanda, the HIV epidemic remains a significant public health concern, and understanding the burden of HIV and hepatitis B and C coinfections among MSM is crucial for designing effective prevention and control strategies. This study aims to determine the prevalence of HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C infections among MSM in Rwanda and identify correlates associated with HIV infection within this population. Methods We used respondent-driven sampling (RDS) to recruit participants between November and December 2021. A face-to-face, structured questionnaire was administered. Testing for HIV infection followed the national algorithm using two rapid tests: Alere Combo and STAT PAK as the first and second screening tests, respectively. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-HCV tests were performed. All statistics were adjusted for RDS design, and a multivariable logistic regression model was constructed to identify factors associated with HIV infection. Results The prevalence of HIV among MSM was 6·9% (95% CI: 5·5–8·6), and among HIV-positive MSM, 12·9% (95% CI: 5·5–27·3) were recently infected. The prevalence of hepatitis B and C was 4·2% (95% CI: 3·0–5·7) and 0·7% (95% CI: 0·4–1·2), respectively. HIV and hepatitis B virus coinfection was 0·5% (95% CI: 0·2–1·1), whereas HIV and hepatitis C coinfection was 0·1% (95% CI: 0·0–0·5), and no coinfection for all three viruses was observed. MSM groups with an increased risk of HIV infection included those who ever suffered violence or abuse because of having sex with other men (AOR: 3·42; 95% CI: 1·87–6·25), those who refused to answer the question asking about ‘ever been paid money, goods, or services for sex’ (AOR: 10·4; 95% CI: 3·30–32·84), and those not consistently using condoms (AOR: 3·15; 95% CI: 1·31–7·60). Conclusion The findings suggest more targeted prevention and treatment approaches and underscore the importance of addressing structural and behavioral factors contributing to HIV vulnerability, setting interventions to reduce violence and abuse against MSM, promoting safe and consensual sexual practices, and expanding access to HIV prevention tools such as condoms and preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP).
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 24.03.2024
Tilføjet 24.03.2024
Abstract Background This study explores regional variations in COVID-19 hospitalization rates, in-hospital mortality, and acute kidney injury (AKI) in England. We investigated the influence of population demographic characteristics, viral strain changes, and therapeutic advances on clinical outcomes. Methods Using hospital episode statistics, we conducted a retrospective cohort study with 749,844 admissions in 337,029 adult patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection (March 1, 2020, to March 31, 2021). Multivariable logistic regression identified factors predicting AKI and mortality in COVID-19 hospitalized patients. Results London had the highest number of COVID-19 admissions (131,338, 18%), followed by the North-west region (122,683, 16%). The North-west had the highest population incidence of COVID-19 hospital admissions (21,167 per million population, pmp), while the South-west had the lowest (9,292 admissions pmp). Patients in London were relatively younger (67.0 ± 17.7 years) than those in the East of England (72.2 ± 16.8 years). The shortest length of stay was in the North-east (12.2 ± 14.9 days), while the longest was in the North-west (15.2 ± 17.9 days). All eight regions had higher odds of death compared to London, ranging from OR 1.04 (95% CI 1.00, 1.07) in the South-west to OR 1.24 (95% CI 1.21, 1.28) in the North-west. Older age, Asian ethnicity, emergency admission, transfers from other hospitals, AKI presence, ITU admission, social deprivation, and comorbidity were associated with higher odds of death. AKI incidence was 30.3%, and all regions had lower odds of developing AKI compared to London. Increasing age, mixed and black ethnicity, emergency admission, transfers from other providers, ITU care, and different levels of comorbidity were associated with higher odds of developing AKI. Conclusions London exhibited higher hospital admission numbers and AKI incidence, but lower odds of death compared to other regions in England. Trial registration Registered on National Library of Medicine website (www.clinicaltrials.gov) with registration number NCT04579562 on 8/10/2020.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 24.03.2024
Tilføjet 24.03.2024
Abstract Background Aspergillus spp liver abscess is a relatively rare entity and thus far no systematic review has been performed examining patients’ demographics, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, and outcome. Methods We performed a systematic review of the literature using MEDLINE and LILACS databases. We searched for articles published in the period from January 1990 to December 24, 2022, to identify patients who developed liver abscesses due to Aspergillus spp. Results Our search yielded 21 patients all of whom had invasive aspergillosis confirmed on liver biopsy. Of these patients 81% were adults, and 60% were males. The majority (86%) of patients were immunocompromised and 95% had symptomatic disease at the time of diagnosis. The most common symptoms were fever (79%), abdominal pain (47%), and constitutional symptoms (weight loss, chills, night sweats, fatigue) (38%). Liver enzymes were elevated in 50%, serum galactomannan was positive in 57%, and fungal blood cultures were positive in only 11%. Co-infection with other pathogens preceded development of apsergillosis in one-third of patients, and the majority of the abscesses (43%) were cryptogenic. In the remaining patients with known source, 28% of patients developed liver abscess through dissemination from the lungs, 19% through the portal vein system, and in 10% liver abscess developed through contiguous spread. The most common imaging modality was abdominal computerized tomography done in 86% of patients. Solitary abscess was present in 52% of patients while 48% had multiple abscesses. Inadequate initial empiric therapy was prescribed in 60% of patients and in 44% of patients definite treatment included combination therapy with two or more antifungal agents. Percutaneous drainage of the abscesses was done in 40% of patients, while 20% required liver resection for the treatment of the abscess. Overall mortality was very high at 38%. Conclusion Further studies are urgently needed for a better understanding of pathophysiology of liver aspergillosis and for developement of newer blood markers in order to expedite diagnosis and decrease mortality.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJinmei Chen, Leer Shen, Qingxin Guo, Siyuan Ma, Yi Zhang, Jie Chen, Lihong Qu, Soon Seng Ng, Xiaohua Chen
Journal of Medical Virology, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Zhengqiang Wang
Journal of Medical Virology, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Samantha C. Roberts, Sarah E. Jolley, Laurel E. Beaty, Neil R. Aggarwal, Tellen D. Bennett, Nichole E. Carlson, Lindsey E. Fish, Bethany M. Kwan, Seth Russell, Adane F. Wogu, Matthew A. Wynia, Adit A. Ginde
Journal of Medical Virology, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Paula Martínez de Aguirre, Silvia Carlos, Manuel Pina‐Sánchez, Samclide Mbikayi, Eduardo Burgueño, Céline Tendobi, Luis Chiva, África Holguín, Gabriel Reina
Journal of Medical Virology, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Eva Tranter, Marco Frentsch, Marie Luise Hütter‐Krönke, Giang Lam Vuong, David Busch, Lucie Loyal, Larissa Henze, Stanislav Rosnev, Igor‐Wolfgang Blau, Andreas Thiel, Dieter Beule, Lars Bullinger, Benedikt Obermayer, Il‐Kang Na
Journal of Medical Virology, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Jian Zhou, Yuzheng Zhou, Xia‐Fei Wei, Lujie Fan, Xiang Gao, Yunfei Li, Yezi Wu, Wei Feng, XiaoTong Shen, Lei Liu, Gang Xu, Zheng Zhang
Journal of Medical Virology, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Léa Poussier, Alexandra Mailles, Pierre Tattevin, Jean Paul Stahl, Pierre Fillatre, the scientific committee and investigators group, The investigators’ group are, The scientific committee are
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
To characterize differences between Herpes Simplex Virus and Varicella-Zoster Virus encephalitis (HSVE and VZVE) and other aetiologies of infectious encephalitis (IE), and to investigate the impact of time-to-aciclovir (ACV) start, ACV dose and duration on outcome.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedShang-Yi Lin, Ho-Yin Huang, Lin-Li Chang, Ya-Ling Wang, Tun-Chieh Chen, Ko Chang, Hung-Pin Tu, Po-Liang Lu
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
The trailing effect of Candida species is a phenomenon characterized by reduced but persistent growth at antifungal concentrations above the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). We assessed the impact of trailing growth on the persistence of Candida albicans candidemia in patients receiving fluconazole therapy.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJoël Coste, Cyrille Delpierre, Jean-Baptiste Richard, Caroline Alleaume, Anne Gallay, Sarah Tebeka, Cédric Lemogne, Olivier Robineau, Olivier Steichen, Tatjana T. Makovski
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Long COVID is recognized since early 2020, but its definition is not unanimous, which complicates epidemiological assessments. This study estimated the prevalence of long COVID based on several definitions and severity thresholds in the adult population in mainland France and examined variations according to sociodemographic and infection characteristics.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMarta Pozuelo Torres, Jakko van Ingen
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Antibiotic treatment of Mycobacterium abscessus disease is toxic, poorly effective and lacks a firm evidence base. Dual β-lactam and β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations may be interesting leads to improve treatment outcomes.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJ. Stanley, B. Sullivan, A.W. Dowsey, K. Jones, C.R. Beck
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Between 2016-19, the proportion of Escherichia coli bloodstream infection (BSI) with resistance to at least one antibiotic increased nationally. Public health interventions implemented in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic changed population contact patterns and healthcare systems, with consequent effects on epidemiological trends of numerous pathogens. We investigated the impact of COVID-19 restrictions on epidemiological trends of E. coli BSI antimicrobial resistance (AMR) across South West England.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAnders Boyd, Mariam El Dani, Roula Ajrouche, Vanessa Demontant, Justine Cheval, Karine Lacombe, Guillaume Cosson, Christophe Rodriguez, Jean-Michel Pawlotsky, Paul-Louis Woerther, Laure Surgers
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Little is known on the effect of gut microbial and Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) carriage, particularly in the general population. The aim of this study was to identify microbiota signatures uniquely correlated with ESBL-E carriage.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedClinical & Experimental Immunology, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Abstract Excessive formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) may lead to myositis-related interstitial lung disease (ILD). There is evidence that NETs can directly injure vascular endothelial cells and play a pathogenic role in the inflammatory exudation of ILD. However, the specific mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the specific mechanism underlying NET-induced injury to human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMECs). HPMECs were stimulated with NETs (200 ng/ml) in vitro. Cell death was detected by propidium iodide staining. The morphological changes of the cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Pyroptosis markers were detected by western blot, immunofluorescence and quantitative real-time PCR, and the related inflammatory factor IL-1β was verified by ELISA. Compared with the control group, HPMECs mortality increased after NET stimulation, and the number of pyroptosis vacuoles in HPMECs was further observed by TEM. The pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMECs) of the experimental autoimmune myositis (EAM) mouse model also showed a trend of pyroptosis in vivo. Cell experiment further confirmed the significantly high expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis-related markers, including GSDMD and inflammatory factor IL-1β. Pretreated with the NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950, the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis of HPMECs were effectively inhibited. Our study confirmed that NETs promote pulmonary microvascular endothelial pyroptosis by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome, suggesting that NETs-induced pyroptosis of PMECs may be a potential pathogenic mechanism of inflammatory exudation in ILD.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedClinical & Experimental Immunology, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Abstract Although perianal Crohn’s disease (PCD) is highly associated with the exacerbated inflammation, the molecular basis and immunological signature that distinguish patients who present history of perianal lesions are still unclear. This paper aims to define immunological characteristics related to PCD. In this cross-sectional observational study, we enrolled 20 healthy controls and 39 CD patients. Blood samples were obtained for detection of plasma cytokines and LPS. PBMC were phenotyped by flow cytometry. Leukocytes were stimulated with LPS or anti-CD3/anti-CD28 antibodies. Our results show that CD patients had augmented plasma IL-6 and LPS. However, their PBMC was characterized by decreased IL-6 production, while patients with history of PCD produced higher IL-6, IL-8 and IFN-γ, along with decreased TNF. CD patients had augmented FoxP3 and CTLA-4 regulatory markers, though the PCD subjects presented a significant reduction in CTLA-4 expression. CTLA-4, as well as IL-6 and TNF responses were able to distinguish the PCD patients from those who did not present perianal complications. In conclusion, IL-6, TNF, and CTLA-4 exhibit a distinct expression pattern in CD patients with a history of PCD, regardless of disease activity. These findings clarify some mechanisms involved in the development of the perianal manifestations and may have a great impact in the disease management.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedCrowell, Trevor A.; Ritz, Justin; Zheng, Lu; Naqvi, Asma; Cyktor, Joshua C.; Puleo, Joseph; Clagett, Brian; Lama, Javier R.; Kanyama, Cecilia; Little, Susan J.; Cohn, Susan E.; Riddler, Sharon A.; Collier, Ann C.; Heath, Sonya L.; Tantivitayakul, Pornphen; Grinsztejn, Beatriz; Arduino, Roberto C.; Rooney, James F.; van Zyl, Gert U.; Coombs, Robert W.; Fox, Lawrence; Ananworanich, Jintanat; Eron, Joseph J.; Sieg, Scott F.; Mellors, John W.; Daar, Eric S.; for the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) A5354/EARLIER Study Team
AIDS, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Objective: To assess how antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation during acute or early HIV infection (AEHI) affects the viral reservoir and host immune responses. Design: Single-arm trial of ART initiation during AEHI at 30 sites in the Americas, Africa, and Asia. Methods: HIV DNA was measured at week 48 of ART in 5 million CD4+ T cells by sensitive qPCR assays targeting HIV gag and pol. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were stimulated with potential HIV T cell epitope peptide pools consisting of env, gag, nef, and pol peptides and stained for expression of CD3, CD4, CD8, and intracellular cytokines/chemokines. Results: From 2017 to 2019, 188 participants initiated ART during Fiebig stages I (n = 6), II (n = 43), III (n = 56), IV (n = 23), and V (n = 60). Median age was 27 years (interquartile range 23–38), 27 (14%) participants were female, and 180 (97%) cisgender. Among 154 virally suppressed participants at week 48, 100% had detectable HIV gag or pol DNA. Participants treated during Fiebig I had the lowest HIV DNA levels (P 0.025). At week 48, the magnitude, but not polyfunctionality, of HIV-specific T cell responses was moderately reduced among participants who initiated ART earliest. Conclusion: Earlier ART initiation during AEHI reduced but did not eliminate the persistence of HIV-infected cells in blood. These findings explain the rapid viral rebound observed after ART cessation in early-treated individuals with undetectable HIV DNA by less sensitive methods. Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedColbrunn, Danielle K.; Jacks, Courtney; Curry, Scott R.; Gebregziabher, Mulugeta; Meissner, Eric G.
AIDS, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Objective: The aim of this study was to examine outcomes of follow-up for persons with discordant fourth-generation HIV screening test results. Design: A retrospective chart review. Methods: We analyzed the electronic health record at the Medical University of South Carolina for a 10-year period spanning 2012–2022 to identify instances of discordant HIV screening test results, wherein initial antigen/antibody screening was positive, but reflex confirmatory testing for HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies was negative. We reviewed individual records to evaluate clinical follow-up and determine if the discordant test represented an acute HIV infection, a false-positive result, or was unresolved. Results: We identified 199 testing instances with discordant results. Most discordant results (n = 115) were subsequently determined to reflect a false-positive test, while 56 were unresolved without documented follow-up testing. Twenty-eight cases of acute HIV infection were identified of which 26 were linked to care within a month of initial testing. Two acute HIV cases were not identified in real time leading to delay in diagnosis and care. Testing done in the context of infectious symptoms and testing performed in the emergency department were associated with increased odds of a discordant test ultimately reflecting acute HIV infection. Conclusion: These results demonstrate the importance of appropriate and timely follow-up for discordant HIV screening test results. Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedFilip, Iulia
AIDS, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Juan-Pablo Sánchez-Núñez, Eva de-Miguel-Balsa, Vicente Soriano, Edurado Lorenzo-Garrido, Angel Giménez-Richarte, Silvia Otero-Rodriguez, Juan-Carlos Celis-Salinas, Carmen de-Mendoza, Martin Casapia-Morales, José Manuel Ramos-Rincón
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Human T-lymphotropic viruses 1 (HTLV-1) and 2 (HTLV-2) were the first identified retroviruses in humans. Both were originally isolated from patients with T-cell leukemias or lymphomas in the early eighties [1-3]. Soon thereafter, HTLV-1 was associated with the development of tropical spastic paraparesis in the Caribbean basin [4]. In contrast, HTLV-2 has only occasionally been linked to any disease since first description [5].
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedGaillard Tiphaine, Dupieux-Chabert Céline, Roux Anne-Laure, Tessier Eve, Boutet-Dubois Adeline, Courboules Camille, Corvec Stéphane, Bémer Pascale, Lavigne Jean-Philippe, El Sayed Faten, Marchandin Hélène, Munier Clément, Chanard Emmanuel, Gazzano Vincent, Loiez Caroline, Laurent Frédéric
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
To assess the performance of the rapid syndromic BioFire® Joint Infection panel (BF-JIP) to detect bacterial and fungal pathogens, as well as antibiotic resistance genes, directly in synovial fluid specimens collected in patients with acute arthritis.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedNeha Bhardwaj, Ashish Aggarwal, Harsimran Kaur, Shivaprakash M. Rudramurthy, Kirti Gupta
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
A 36-year-old drug abuser with chronic hepatitis C infection presented with headache due to raised intracranial pressure accompanied by vomiting for 2 days requiring ventriculoperitoneal shunting. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a ring-enhancing lesion in right cerebellar lobe with mass effect and hydrocephalus suggestive of tuberculoma (Figure 1A,B). An intra-operative frozen specimen grossly revealed a cavitatory lesion with a central necrosis. The frozen sections stained with toluidine blue and rapid hematoxylin & eosin demonstrated numerous scattered yeast and conidial forms admixed with segmented, bulbous, and pigmented fungal hyphae surrounding necrotic abscesses in the cerebellar folia.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedSue C. Nang, Jing Lu, Heidi H. Yu, Hasini Wickremasinghe, Mohammad A.K. Azad, Meiling Han, Jinxin Zhao, Gauri Rao, Phillip J. Bergen, Tony Velkov, Norelle Sherry, David T. McCarthy, Saima Aslam, Robert T. Schooley, Benjamin P. Howden, Jeremy J. Barr, Yan Zhu, Jian Li
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Bacteriophage (phage) therapy is a promising anti-infective option to combat antimicrobial resistance. However, the clinical utilisation of phage therapy has been severely compromised by the potential emergence of phage resistance. While certain phage resistance mechanisms can restore bacterial susceptibility to certain antibiotics, a lack of knowledge of phage resistance mechanisms hinders optimal use of phages and their combination with antibiotics.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Abstract Introduction To answer to patients’ medical wandering, often due to “unexplained symptoms” of “unexplained diseases” and to misinformation, multidisciplinary care centers for suspected Lyme borreliosis (LB), such as the 5 Tick-Borne Diseases (TBDs) Reference Centers (TBD-RC), were created a few years ago in France, the Netherlands and Denmark. Our study consisted of a comprehensive analysis of the satisfaction of the patients managed at a TBD-RC for suspected LB in the context of scientific and social controversy. Methods We included all adults who were admitted to one of the TBD-RC from 2017 to 2020. A telephone satisfaction survey was conducted 12 months after their first consultation. It consisted of 5 domains, including 2 free-text items: “What points did you enjoy?” and “What would you like us to change or to improve?”. In the current study, the 2 free-items were analyzed with a qualitative method called reflexive thematic analysis within a semantic and latent approach. Results The answer rate was 61.3% (349/569) and 97 distinctive codes from the 2-free-text items were identified and classified into five themes: (1) multidisciplinarity makes it possible to set up quality time dedicated to patients; (2) multidisciplinarity enables seamless carepaths despite the public hospital crisis compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic; (3) multidisciplinarity is defined as trust in the team’s competences; (4) an ambivalent opinion and uncertainty are barriers to acceptance of the diagnosis, reflecting the strong influence of the controversy around LB; and (5) a lack of adapted communication about TBDs, their management, and ongoing research is present. Conclusion The multidisciplinary management for suspected LB seemed an answer to medical wandering for the majority of patients and helped avoid misinformation, enabling better patient-centered shared information and satisfaction, despite the context of controversy.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMaha Farhat, Helen Cox, Marwan Ghanem, Claudia M. Denkinger, Camilla Rodrigues, Mirna S. Abd El Aziz, Handaa Enkh-Amgalan, Debrah Vambe, Cesar Ugarte-Gil, Jennifer Furin, Madhukar Pai
Nat Rev Microbiol, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Mengxiong Wu, Tao Liu, Jianhua Guo
Trends in Microbiology, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Methane-dependent denitrification links the global nitrogen and methane cycles. Since its initial discovery in 2006, this process has been understood to involve a division of labor between an archaeal group and a bacterial group, which sequentially perform nitrate and nitrite reduction, respectively. Yao et al. have now revised this paradigm by identifying a Methylomirabilis bacterium capable of performing methane-dependent complete denitrification on its own.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedLulu Li, Jianping Chen, Zongtao Sun
Trends in Microbiology, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Plants have developed very diverse strategies to defend themselves against viral pathogens, among which plant hormones play pivotal roles. In response, some viruses have also deployed multifunctional viral effectors that effectively hijack key component hubs to counter or evade plant immune surveillance. Although significant progress has been made toward understanding counter-defense strategies that manipulate plant hormone regulatory molecules, these efforts have often been limited to an individual virus or specific host target/pathway. This review provides new insights into broad-spectrum antiviral responses in rice triggered by key components of phytohormone signaling, and highlights the common features of counter-defense strategies employed by distinct rice-infecting RNA viruses. These strategies involve the secretion of multifunctional virulence effectors that target the sophisticated phytohormone system, dampening immune responses by engaging with the same host targets. Additionally, the review provides an in-depth exploration of various viral effectors, emphasizing tertiary structure-based research and shared host targets. Understanding these conserved characteristics in detail may pave the way for molecular drug design, opening new opportunities to enhance broad-spectrum antiviral trials through precise engineering.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedXianyuan Wei, Bin Xue, Shuangchen Ruan, Jintong Guo, Yujing Huang, Xiaorui Geng, Dan Wang, Cangtao Zhou, Jun Zheng, Zhen Yuan
Science Advances, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Kogieleum Naidoo, Rubeshan Perumal, Helen Cox, Barun Mathema, Marian Loveday, Nazir Ismail, Shaheed Vally Omar, Sophia B Georghiou, Amrita Daftary, Max O'Donnell, Norbert Ndjeka
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) threatens to derail tuberculosis control efforts, particularly in Africa where the disease remains out of control. The dogma that DR-TB epidemics are fueled by unchecked rates of acquired resistance in inadequately treated or non-adherent individuals is no longer valid in most high DR-TB burden settings, where community transmission is now widespread. A large burden of DR-TB in Africa remains undiagnosed due to inadequate access to diagnostic tools that simultaneously detect tuberculosis and screen for resistance.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMichelle Ylade, Maria Vinna Crisostomo, Jedas Veronica Daag, Kristal An Agrupis, Anna Maureen Cuachin, Ava Kristy Sy, Deok Ryun Kim, Hyeon Seon Ahn, Ana Coello Escoto, Leah C Katzelnick, Cameron Adams, Laura White, Aravinda M de Silva, Jacqueline Deen, Anna Lena Lopez
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 23.03.2024
Tilføjet 23.03.2024
The risk of developing virologically confirmed dengue after a single dose of CYD-TDV varied by baseline DENV serostatus. Since the study assessed the effect of only a single dose, the findings cannot inform decisions on vaccination by public health officers. However, the findings have implications for children who receive an incomplete vaccination regimen and these results should prompt more detailed analyses in future trials on dengue vaccines.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedElena LeveringhausRobin PoljakovicGina HerrmannGleyder Roman-SosaPaul BecherAlexander PostelInstitute of Virology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
Emerg Microbes Infect, 22.03.2024
Tilføjet 22.03.2024
Leire Ambrosio, Jacqui Morris, Danielle Lambrick, James Faulkner, Eric Compton, Mari Carmen Portillo
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 22.03.2024
Tilføjet 22.03.2024
by Leire Ambrosio, Jacqui Morris, Danielle Lambrick, James Faulkner, Eric Compton, Mari Carmen Portillo
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedPaulina Guzmán-Guzmán, Eduardo Valencia-Cantero, Gustavo Santoyo
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 22.03.2024
Tilføjet 22.03.2024
by Paulina Guzmán-Guzmán, Eduardo Valencia-Cantero, Gustavo Santoyo Trichoderma uses different molecules to establish communication during its interactions with other organisms, such as effector proteins. Effectors modulate plant physiology to colonize plant roots or improve Trichoderma’s mycoparasitic capacity. In the soil, these fungi can establish relationships with plant growth–promoting bacteria (PGPBs), thus affecting their overall benefits on the plant or its fungal prey, and possibly, the role of effector proteins. The aim of this study was to determine the induction of Trichoderma atroviride gene expression coding for effector proteins during the interaction with different PGPBs, Arabidopsis or the phytopathogen Fusarium brachygibbosum, and to determine whether PGPBs potentiates the beneficial effects of T. atroviride. During the interaction with F. brachygibbosum and PGPBs, the effector coding genes epl1, tatrx2 and tacfem1 increased their expression, especially during the consortia with the bacteria. During the interaction of T. atroviride with the plant and PGPBs, the expression of epl1 and tatrx2 increased, mainly with the consortium formed with Pseudomonas fluorescens UM270, Bacillus velezensis AF12, or B. halotolerans AF23. Additionally, the consortium formed by T. atroviride and R. badensis SER3 stimulated A. thaliana PR1:GUS and LOX2:GUS for SA- and JA-mediated defence responses. Finally, the consortium of T. atroviride with SER3 was better at inhibiting pathogen growth, but the consortium of T. atroviride with UM270 was better at promoting Arabidopsis growth. These results showed that the biocontrol capacity and plant growth-promoting traits of Trichoderma spp. can be potentiated by PGPBs by stimulating its effector functions.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedChunli Dong, Liyan Zhao, Xiongtao Liu, Ling Dang, Xin Zhang
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 22.03.2024
Tilføjet 22.03.2024
by Chunli Dong, Liyan Zhao, Xiongtao Liu, Ling Dang, Xin Zhang Background The development of endometrial cancer (EC) is closely related to the abnormal activation of the estrogen signaling pathway. Effective diagnostic markers are important for the early detection and treatment of EC. Method We downloaded single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptome (ST) data of EC from public databases. Enrichment scores were calculated for EC cell subpopulations using the “AddModuleScore” function and the AUCell package, respectively. Six predictive models were constructed, including logistic regression (LR), Gaussian naive Bayes (GaussianNB), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector machine (SVM), extreme gradient boosting (XGB), and neural network (NK). Subsequently, receiver-operating characteristics with areas under the curves (AUCs) were used to assess the robustness of the predictive model. Result We classified EC cell coaggregation into six cell clusters, of which the epithelial, fibroblast and endothelial cell clusters had higher estrogen signaling pathway activity. We founded the epithelial cell subtype Epi cluster1, the fibroblast cell subtype Fib cluster3, and the endothelial cell subtype Endo cluster3 all showed early activation levels of estrogen response. Based on EC cell subtypes, estrogen-responsive early genes, and genes encoding Stage I and para-cancer differentially expressed proteins in EC patients, a total of 24 early diagnostic markers were identified. The AUCs values of all six classifiers were higher than 0.95, which indicates that the early diagnostic markers we screened have superior robustness across different classification algorithms. Conclusion Our study elucidates the potential biological mechanism of EC response to estrogen at single-cell resolution, which provides a new direction for early diagnosis of EC.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMed