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47 ud af 47 tidsskrifter valgt, søgeord (ebv) valgt, emner højest 180 dage gamle, sorteret efter nyeste først.
15 emner vises.
Sararas Khongwirotphan, Sornjarod Oonsiri, Sarin Kitpanit, Anussara Prayongrat, Danita Kannarunimit, Chakkapong Chakkabat, Chawalit Lertbutsayanukul, Sira Sriswasdi, Yothin Rakvongthai
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 12.02.2024
Tilføjet 12.02.2024
by Sararas Khongwirotphan, Sornjarod Oonsiri, Sarin Kitpanit, Anussara Prayongrat, Danita Kannarunimit, Chakkapong Chakkabat, Chawalit Lertbutsayanukul, Sira Sriswasdi, Yothin Rakvongthai Background The prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is challenging due to late-stage identification and frequently undetectable Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA. Incorporating radiomic features, which quantify tumor characteristics from imaging, may enhance prognosis assessment. Purpose To investigate the predictive power of radiomic features on overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) in NPC. Materials and methods A retrospective analysis of 183 NPC patients treated with chemoradiotherapy from 2010 to 2019 was conducted. All patients were followed for at least three years. The pretreatment CT images with contrast medium, MR images (T1W and T2W), as well as gross tumor volume (GTV) contours, were used to extract radiomic features using PyRadiomics v.2.0. Robust and efficient radiomic features were chosen using the intraclass correlation test and univariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis. They were then combined with clinical data including age, gender, tumor stage, and EBV DNA level for prognostic evaluation using Cox proportional hazard regression models with recursive feature elimination (RFE) and were optimized using 20 repetitions of a five-fold cross-validation scheme. Results Integrating radiomics with clinical data significantly enhanced the predictive power, yielding a C-index of 0.788 ± 0.066 to 0.848 ± 0.079 for the combined model versus 0.745 ± 0.082 to 0.766 ± 0.083 for clinical data alone (p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMu Liu, Chenxu Huang, Xingchen Zhou, Congwei Jiang, Shuai Liu, Ying Gao, Linlin Kuang, Zhangmengxue Lei, Ran Jia, Jin Xu, Patrick Legembre, Xiaozhen Liang
Journal of Medical Virology, 2.02.2024
Tilføjet 2.02.2024
M. Lefebvre, L. Gross, R. Ollivier, S. Bailly, M. Coste‐Burel, J. Coutherut, J. Dina
Journal of Medical Virology, 19.12.2023
Tilføjet 19.12.2023
Journal of the American Medical Association, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
Due to a unique immune substrate consisting of abundant lymphocytic infiltration, high programmed death–ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, and the presence of several immune targets (CD40, CD70, CD80, and CD86), there is a strong biological rationale for incorporating immunotherapy in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Nonkeratinizing histological subtypes encompass more than 95% of NPC cases in endemic areas, and NPC is largely linked to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, providing an additional immune-prone factor through the expression of EBV antigens and CD4+/CD8+ T-cell target proteins. In this issue of JAMA, Mai and colleagues report the prespecified definitive overall survival analysis of the phase 3 JUPITER-02 trial. The addition of the anti–PD-1 antibody toripalimab to platinum-gemcitabine as a first-line treatment for recurrent or metastatic NPC (RM-NPC) proved to reduce by 37% the risk of death at 3 years of follow-up.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedHaihao Yan, Chenghua Zhu, Xiao Jin, Ganzhu Feng
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
by Haihao Yan, Chenghua Zhu, Xiao Jin, Ganzhu Feng Background Previous studies have found that the persistence of herpesvirus significantly increases the risk of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), but it is unclear whether this effect is causal. We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to evaluate the causal relationship between three herpesvirus infections and IPF. Methods We used genome-wide association studies (GWAS) data from three independent datasets, including FinnGen cohort, Milieu Intérieur cohort, and 23andMe cohort, to screen for instrumental variables (IVs) of herpesvirus infection or herpesvirus-related immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels. Outcome dataset came from the largest meta-analysis of IPF susceptibility currently available. Results In the FinnGen cohort, genetically predicted Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) (OR = 1.105, 95%CI: 0.897–1.149, p = 0.815), cytomegalovirus (CMV) (OR = 1.073, 95%CI: 0.926–1.244, p = 0.302) and herpes simplex (HSV) infection (OR = 0.906, 95%CI: 0.753–1.097, p = 0.298) were not associated with the risk of IPF. In the Milieu Intérieur cohort, we found no correlations between herpesvirus-related IgG EBV nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA1) (OR = 0.968, 95%CI: 0.782–1.198, p = 0.764), EBV viral capsid antigen (VCA) (OR = 1.061, 95CI%: 0.811–1.387, p = 0.665), CMV (OR = 1.108, 95CI%: 0.944–1.314, p = 0.240), HSV-1 (OR = 1.154, 95%CI: 0.684–1.945, p = 0.592) and HSV-2 (OR = 0.915, 95%CI: 0.793–1.056, p = 0.225) and IPF risk. Moreover, in the 23andMe cohort, no evidence of associations between mononucleosis (OR = 1.042, 95%CI: 0.709–1.532, p = 0.832) and cold scores (OR = 0.906, 95%CI: 0.603–1.362, p = 0.635) and IPF were found. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of our results. Conclusions This study provides preliminary evidence that EBV, CMV, and HSV herpesviruses, and herpesviruses-related IgG levels, are not causally linked to IPF. Further MR analysis will be necessary when stronger instrument variables and GWAS with larger sample sizes become available.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 17.11.2023
Tilføjet 17.11.2023
Abstract Purpose Post-COVID-19-Syndrome (PCS) frequently occurs after an infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). However, the understanding of causative mechanisms is still limited. Aim of this study was to determine the PCS rate among SARS-CoV-2 seropositive blood donors as representatives of supposedly healthy adults, who had experienced an asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 disease course, and to examine whether Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is reactivated in individuals reporting PCS. Methods The PCS rate was determined using questionnaires that included questions about infection and persistent symptoms. Pre-pandemic blood samples and samples collected at regular, pre-defined times after a SARS-CoV-2 infection were analysed for neopterin, a marker for antiviral immune responses, by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Additionally, we determined the rate of SARS-CoV-2 anti-N total antibodies using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). Furthermore, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) to detect EBV DNA and ECLIA screening for EBV viral capsid-antigen (VCA) IgM, IgG and EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA) IgG were performed. Results Our data reveal that 18% of all infections result in PCS, with symptoms lasting for up to one year. In individuals reporting PCS, no elevated levels of neopterin were detected, indicating no persisting pro-inflammatory, antiviral immune response. SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels were declining in all participants in comparable manner over time, pointing to a successful virus clearance. In individuals with PCS, no EBV DNA could be detected. Furthermore, no differences in EBV specific antibody levels could be shown in PCS groups compared to non-PCS groups. Conclusion Our data suggest that PCS in per se healthy, immunocompetent adults cannot be ascribed to a reactivation of EBV.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedTrunfio, Mattia; Sacchi, Alessandra; Vai, Daniela; Pittaluga, Fabrizia; Croce, Michele; Cavallo, Rossana; Imperiale, Daniele; Bonora, Stefano; Di Perri, Giovanni; Letendre, Scott Lee; Calcagno, Andrea
AIDS, 15.11.2023
Tilføjet 15.11.2023
Objective: HIV and EBV co-infection has been linked to increased immune activation and larger HIV reservoir. We assessed whether anti-EBV humoral responses are associated with increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) inflammation and with neurocognitive impairment (NCI) in people with HIV (PWH). Design: Cross-sectional analysis in 123 EBV-seropositive PWH either on antiretroviral therapy (n = 70) or not. Methods: Serum and CSF anti-EBV Viral Capsid Antigen Immunoglobulin G (anti-EVI) and CSF EBV DNA were measured by commercial immunoassay and RT-PCR. Seventy-eight participants without neurological confounding factors underwent neurocognitive assessment (Global Deficit Score, GDS). CSF total tau and 181-phosphorylated-tau (ptau) were measured by immunoassays together with biomarkers of blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, immune activation, astrocytosis, and intrathecal synthesis. Logistic and linear regressions and moderation analysis were used to investigate the relationships between CSF anti-EVI, GDS, and biomarkers. Results: Twenty-one (17.1%) and twenty-two participants (17.9%) had detectable CSF anti-EVI (10.5–416.0 U/mL) and CSF EBV DNA (25–971 cp/mL). After adjusting for BBB integrity, age, and clinical factors, the presence of CSF anti-EVI was only associated with serum levels of anti-EVI, and not with CSF EBV DNA. CSF anti-EVI and tau and ptau showed reciprocal interactions affecting their associations with GDS. After adjusting for demographics and clinical parameters, higher CSF anti-EVI levels were associated with worse GDS (aβ 0.45, p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedClinical & Experimental Immunology, 13.11.2023
Tilføjet 13.11.2023
AbstractCD8 T cells recognize infected and cancerous cells via their T cell receptor (TCR), which binds peptide-MHC complexes on the target cell. The affinity of the interaction between the TCR and peptide-MHC contributes to the antigen sensitivity, or functional avidity, of the CD8 T cell. In response to peptide-MHC stimulation, the TCR-CD3 complex and CD8 co-receptor are downmodulated. We quantified CD3 and CD8 downmodulation following stimulation of human CD8 T cells with CMV, EBV, and HIV peptides spanning eight MHC restrictions, observing a strong correlation between the levels of CD3 and CD8 downmodulation and functional avidity, regardless of peptide viral origin. In TCR-transduced T cells targeting a tumor-associated antigen, changes in TCR-peptide affinity were sufficient to modify CD3 and CD8 downmodulation. Correlation analysis and generalized linear modelling indicated that CD3 downmodulation was the stronger correlate of avidity. CD3 downmodulation, simply measured using flow cytometry, can be used to identify high-avidity CD8 T cells in a clinical context.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedRushil Harryparsad, Bahiah Meyer, Ongeziwe Taku, Myrna Serrano, Pai Lien Chen, Xiaoming Gao, Anna-Lise Williamson, Celia Mehou-Loko, Florence Lefebvre d’Hellencourt, Jennifer Smit, Jerome Strauss, Kavita Nanda, Khatija Ahmed, Mags Beksinska, Gregory Buck, Charles Morrison, Jennifer Deese, Lindi Masson
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 10.11.2023
Tilføjet 10.11.2023
by Rushil Harryparsad, Bahiah Meyer, Ongeziwe Taku, Myrna Serrano, Pai Lien Chen, Xiaoming Gao, Anna-Lise Williamson, Celia Mehou-Loko, Florence Lefebvre d’Hellencourt, Jennifer Smit, Jerome Strauss, Kavita Nanda, Khatija Ahmed, Mags Beksinska, Gregory Buck, Charles Morrison, Jennifer Deese, Lindi Masson Background South Africa is among the countries with the highest prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG). In 2017, there were an estimated 6 million new CT, 4.5 million NG and 71 000 Treponema pallidum infections among South African men and women of reproductive age. Methods We evaluated STI prevalence and incidence and associated risk factors in 162 women aged 18–33 years old, residing in eThekwini and Tshwane, South Africa who were part of the Evidence for Contraceptive Options and HIV Outcomes (ECHO) trial. Women were randomised to use depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (n = 53), copper intrauterine device (n = 51), or levonorgestrel (n = 58) implant. Lateral vaginal wall swab samples were collected prior to contraceptive initiation and at months one and three following contraceptive initiation for STI testing. Results There were no significant differences in STI incidence and prevalence across contraceptive groups. At baseline, 40% had active STIs (CT, NG, Trichomonas vaginalis (TV), Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) or herpes simplex virus-2 shedding across all age groups– 18–21 years (46%), 22–25 years (42%) and 26–33 years (29%). The incidence of STIs during follow-up was exceptionally high (107.9/100 women-years [wy]), with younger women (18–21 years) more likely to acquire CT (75.9/100 wy) compared to 26–33 year olds (17.4/100 wy; p = 0.049). TV incidence was higher in the 26–33 year old group (82.7/100 wy) compared to the 18–21 year olds (8.4/100 wy; p = 0.01). Conclusions Although the study participants received extensive counselling on the importance of condom use, this study highlights the high prevalence and incidence of STIs in South African women, especially amongst young women, emphasising the need for better STI screening and management strategies.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBoczar, K. E., Shin, S., deKemp, R. A., Dowlatshahi, D., Tavoosi, A., Wiefels, C., Liu, P., Lochnan, H., MacPherson, P. A., Chong, A. Y., Torres, C., Leung, E., Tawakol, A., Ahmadi, A., Garrard, L., Lefebvre, C., Kelly, C., MacPhee, P., Tilokee, E., Raggi, P., Wells, G. A., Beanlands, R.
BMJ Open, 10.11.2023
Tilføjet 10.11.2023
BackgroundInflammation is a key mediator in the development and progression of the atherosclerotic disease process as well as its resultant complications, like myocardial infarction (MI), stroke and cardiovascular (CV) death, and is emerging as a novel treatment target. Trials involving anti-inflammatory medications have demonstrated outcome benefit in patients with known CV disease. In this regard, colchicine appears to hold great promise. However, there are potential drawbacks to colchicine use, as some studies have identified an increased risk of infection, and a non-significant trend for increased all-cause mortality. Thus, a more thorough understanding of the underlying mechanism of action of colchicine is needed to enable a better patient selection for this novel CV therapy. ObjectiveThe primary objective of the Canadian Study of Arterial Inflammation in Patients with Diabetes and Recent Vascular Events, Evaluation of Colchicine Effectiveness (CADENCE) trial is to assess the effect of colchicine on vascular inflammation in the carotid arteries and ascending aorta measured with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or pre-diabetes who have experienced a recent vascular event (acute coronary syndrome (ACS)/MI, transient ischaemic attack (TIA) or stroke). Secondary objectives include determining colchicine’s effect on inflammatory biomarkers (high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)). Additionally, we will assess if baseline inflammation imaging or biomarkers are associated with a treatment response to colchicine determined by imaging. Exploratory objectives will look at: (1) the difference in the inflammatory response to colchicine in patients with coronary events compared with patients with cerebral events; (2) the difference in the inflammatory response to colchicine in different vascular beds; (3) the relationship of FDG-PET imaging markers with serum biomarkers and (4) assessment of quality-of-life changes. Methods and designCADENCE is a multicentre, prospective, randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study to determine the effect of colchicine on arterial inflammation as assessed with imaging and circulatory biomarkers, specifically carotid arteries and aortic FDG uptake as well as hs-CRP and IL-6 among others. Patients with T2DM or pre-diabetes who have recently experienced a CV event (within 30–120 days after an ACS (ie, ST-elevation MI (STEMI) or non-STEMI)) or TIA/stroke with documented large vessel atherosclerotic disease will be randomised to treatment with either colchicine 0.6 mg oral daily or placebo. Participants will undergo baseline clinical evaluation including EQ5D assessment, blood work for inflammatory markers and FDG PET/CT scan of the ascending aorta and left and right carotid arteries. Patients will undergo treatment for 6 months and have repeat clinical evaluation including EQ5D assessment, blood work for inflammatory markers and FDG PET/CT scan at the conclusion of the study. The primary outcome will be the change in the maximum target to background ratio (TBRmax) in the ascending aorta (or carotid arteries) from baseline to follow-up on FDG PET/CT imaging. DiscussionColchicine is an exciting potential new therapy for CV risk reduction. However, its use is associated with side effects and greater understanding of its underlying mechanism of action is needed. Importantly, the current study will determine whether its anti-inflammatory action is an indirect systemic effect, or a more local plaque action that decreases inflammation. The results will also help identify patients who will benefit most from such therapy. Trial registration numberNCT04181996.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedInfection, 5.11.2023
Tilføjet 5.11.2023
Abstract Background Infection-associated secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH) is a potentially life-threatening hyperinflammatory condition caused by various infectious diseases. Malaria has rarely been described as trigger. The aim of this study is to collect data on frequency, clinical spectrum, and outcome of sHLH induced by malaria. Methods We collected case numbers on malaria and malaria-associated sHLH from specialized centers in Germany from 2015 to 2022. In addition, we conducted a literature search on published cases of malaria-associated sHLH and systematically analyzed the literature regarding clinical and diagnostic criteria. Results We obtained data from 13 centers treating 1461 malaria cases with different Plasmodium species, of which 5 patients (0.34%) also were diagnosed with sHLH. The literature search revealed detailed case reports from further 51 patients and case series comprising the description of further 24 patients with malaria-associated sHLH. Most cases (48/80; 60%) were reported from Asia. The median time interval between onset of malaria symptoms and hospital admission was 7 days. Severe complications of sHLH were documented in 36% (20/56) of patients, including two patients with multiple organ failure in our case series. Only 41% (23/56) of patients received specific treatment for sHLH, nevertheless the mortality rate (CFR) of 5% is lower compared to the CFR reported for sHLH triggered by other infectious diseases (e.g., 25% in sHLH due to EBV infection). Conclusion Malaria-associated sHLH appears to have a comparatively good prognosis but may still represent an underdiagnosed and potentially fatal complication of malaria, especially in resource-poor settings.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 26.10.2023
Tilføjet 26.10.2023
Abstract Background and aim Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) and infectious mononucleosis (EBV-IM) share mimic symptoms in the early stages of childhood development. We aimed to examine the clinical features and laboratory indices of these two diseases in children and uncover unique indicators to assist pediatricians in identifying these diseases early. Methods We collected clinical data from 791 pediatric patients diagnosed with EBV-IM or EBV-HLH, compared the clinical traits and laboratory biomarkers presented in the two groups, and constructed predictive models based on them. Results Patients with EBV-IM had greater ratios of cervical lymphadenopathy, eyelid edema, and tonsillitis, whereas individuals with EBV-HLH were more likely to have hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. When using the criteria of interleukin (IL)-10 > 89.6 pg/mL, interferon (IFN)-γ > 45.6 pg/mL, ferritin > 429 μg/L, D-dimer > 3.15 mg/L and triglycerides > 2.1 mmol/L, the sensitivity was 87.9%, 90.7%, 98.1%, 91.1% and 81.5% to predict EBV-HLH, while the specificity was 98.4%, 96.3%, 96.5%, 94.1% and 80.6%, respectively. A logistic regression model based on four parameters (IL-10, ferritin, D-dimer, and triglycerides) was established to distinguish EBV-HLH patients from EBV-IM patients, with a sensitivity of 98.0% and a specificity of 98.2%. Conclusions IL-10, IFN-γ, ferritin and D-dimer levels are significantly different between EBV-HLH and EBV-IM. Predictive models based on clinical signs and laboratory findings provide simple tools to distinguish the two situations.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedInfection, 25.10.2023
Tilføjet 25.10.2023
Abstract Background Infection-associated secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH) is a potentially life-threatening hyperinflammatory condition caused by various infectious diseases. Malaria has rarely been described as trigger. The aim of this study is to collect data on frequency, clinical spectrum, and outcome of sHLH induced by malaria. Methods We collected case numbers on malaria and malaria-associated sHLH from specialized centers in Germany from 2015 to 2022. In addition, we conducted a literature search on published cases of malaria-associated sHLH and systematically analyzed the literature regarding clinical and diagnostic criteria. Results We obtained data from 13 centers treating 1461 malaria cases with different Plasmodium species, of which 5 patients (0.34%) also were diagnosed with sHLH. The literature search revealed detailed case reports from further 51 patients and case series comprising the description of further 24 patients with malaria-associated sHLH. Most cases (48/80; 60%) were reported from Asia. The median time interval between onset of malaria symptoms and hospital admission was 7 days. Severe complications of sHLH were documented in 36% (20/56) of patients, including two patients with multiple organ failure in our case series. Only 41% (23/56) of patients received specific treatment for sHLH, nevertheless the mortality rate (CFR) of 5% is lower compared to the CFR reported for sHLH triggered by other infectious diseases (e.g., 25% in sHLH due to EBV infection). Conclusion Malaria-associated sHLH appears to have a comparatively good prognosis but may still represent an underdiagnosed and potentially fatal complication of malaria, especially in resource-poor settings.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedXing Zhang; Yan Zhang; Wen Liu; Bing Luo;
Reviews in Medical Virology, 10.07.2023
Tilføjet 10.07.2023
Protein post‐translational modifications (PTMs) are reversible processes that regulate the function of target proteins without altering their sequences. High‐throughput sequencing surveys have provided insights into the patterns of PTMs, such as ubiquitination, SUMOylation, and phosphorylation. After primary infection, the Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV), a ubiquitous herpesvirus, establishes a life‐long latent infection. EBV can establish a delicate balance to regulate its proliferation and host cell survival. Owing to the limited gene products of EBV, interfering with the host PTM machinery is an effective way to alter host immune responses and physiological status and establish infection. In this review, we focus on the current knowledge of the mechanisms by which EBV products manipulate host ubiquitination, SUMOylation, and phosphorylation to establish a latent infection or favour viral replication and pathogenesis.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedArman Shafiee; Mohammad Mobin Teymouri Athar; Mohammad Javad Amini; Hamed Hajishah; Sepehr Siahvoshi; Mehrsa Jalali; Bahar Jahanbakhshi; Sayed‐Hamidreza Mozhgani;
Reviews in Medical Virology, 10.05.2023
Tilføjet 10.05.2023
To provide a comprehensive systematic review and meta‐analysis regarding the cumulative incidence (incidence proportion) of human herpesvirus (HHV) reactivation among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), we searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and EMBASE up to 25 September 2022, with no language restrictions. All interventional and observational studies enrolling patients with confirmed COVID‐19 and providing data regarding HHV reactivation were included. The random‐effects model was used in the meta‐analyses. We included information from 32 studies. HHV reactivation was considered a positive polymerase chain reaction result taken at the time of COVID‐19 infection. Most of the included patients were severe COVID‐19 cases. The pooled cumulative incidence estimate was 38% (95% Confidence Intervals [CI], 28%–50%, = 86%) for herpes simplex virus (HSV), 19% (95% CI, 13%–28%, = 87%) for cytomegalovirus (CMV), 45% (95% CI, 28%–63%, = 96%) for Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV), 18% (95% CI, 8%–35%) for human herpesvirus 6 (HHV‐6), 44% (95% CI, 32%–56%) for human herpesvirus 7 (HHV‐7), and 19% (95% CI, 14%–26%) for human herpesvirus 8 (HHV‐8). There was no evidence of funnel plot asymmetry based on visual inspection and Egger\'s regression test for the results of HSV ( = 0.84), CMV ( = 0.82), and EBV ( = 0.27) reactivation. In conclusion, the identification of HHV reactivation in severe COVID‐19 patients is helpful in the management of patients as well as the prevention of complications. Further research is required to elucidate the interaction between HHVs and COVID‐19. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42022321973.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMed