47 ud af 47 tidsskrifter valgt, søgeord (influenza) valgt, emner højest 180 dage gamle, sorteret efter nyeste først.
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51
Sequential Extracorporeal Therapy of Pathogen Removal Followed by Cell-Directed Extracorporeal Therapy in Streptococcal Toxic Shock Syndrome Refractory to Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: A Case Report
Amerson, Stephen J.; Hoffman, McKenna; Abouzahr, Fadi; Ahmad, Mohammad; Sterling, Rachel K.; Gidwani, Hitesh; Sousse, Linda E.; Dellavolpe, Jeffrey D.
Critical Care Explorations, 2.03.2024
Tilføjet 2.03.2024
BACKGROUND: Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is a fulminant complication of predominantly invasive group A streptococcal infections. STSS is often characterized by influenza-like symptoms, including fever, chills, and myalgia that can quickly progress to sepsis with hypotension, tachycardia, tachypnea, and multiple organ failure (kidney, liver, lung, or blood). Mortality can exceed 50% depending on the severity of symptoms. CASE SUMMARY: Here, we describe a novel, multi-extracorporeal intervention strategy in a case of severe septic shock secondary to STSS. A 28-year-old woman 5 days after cesarean section developed STSS with respiratory distress, hypotension, and multiple organ failure. Despite conventional therapy with intubation, antibiotics, vasopressors, and fluid resuscitation, her condition worsened. She was placed on venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) with subsequent initiation of pathogen hemoperfusion using the Seraph 100 blood filter, followed by immunomodulation with the selective cytopheretic device (SCD). No device-related adverse events were observed. The patient’s condition gradually stabilized with discontinuation of vasopressors after 4 days, ECMO decannulation after 6 days, evidence of renal recovery after 7 days, and extubation from mechanical ventilation after 14 days. She was transferred to conventional hemodialysis after 13 days and discontinued all kidney replacement therapy 11 days later. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first reported use of VA-ECMO, Seraph 100 hemoperfusion, and cell-directed immunomodulation with SCD. This multimodal approach to extracorporeal support represents a promising therapeutic strategy for the most refractory critical care cases. Further studies are needed to assess the safety and efficacy of this sequential approach.
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52
Retraction: Properly Folded Bacterially Expressed H1N1 Hemagglutinin Globular Head and Ectodomain Vaccines Protect Ferrets against H1N1 Pandemic Influenza Virus
The PLOS ONE Editors
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 2.03.2024
Tilføjet 2.03.2024
53
H7N6 highly pathogenic avian influenza in Mozambique, 2023
Iolanda Vieira Anahory MonjaneHernâni DjedjeEsmeralda TameleVirgínia NhabombaAlmiro Rogério TivaneZacarias Elias MassicameDercília Mudanisse AroneAmbra PastoriAlessio BortolamiIsabella MonneTimothy WomaCharles E. LamienWilliam G. Dundona Directorate of Animal Science, Central Veterinary Laboratory, Agrarian Research Institute of Mozambique, Maputo, Mozambiqueb Mozambique One Health Secretariat, National Health Institute, Maputo, Mozambiquec Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, National Directorate of Livestock Development, Maputo, Mozambiqued Division of Comparative Biomedical Sciences (BSBIO), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie (IZSVe), Padova, Italye Emergency Centre for Transboundary Animal Diseases (ECTAD), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), Maputo, Mozambiquef Animal Production and Health Laboratory, IAEA Laboratories, Seibersdorf, Austria
Emerg Microbes Infect, 1.03.2024
Tilføjet 1.03.2024
54
A subunit‐based influenza/SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron combined vaccine induced potent protective immunity in BALB/c mice
Naru Zhang, Zihui Ye, Cun Li, Jie Zhou, Wei Xue, Luying Xiang, Yuewen Chen, Shuchang Chen, Rouhan Ye, Jingyin Dong, Jie Zhou, Shibo Jiang, Haijun Han
Journal of Medical Virology, 1.03.2024
Tilføjet 1.03.2024
55
The End of B/Yamagata Influenza Transmission — Transitioning from Quadrivalent Vaccines
Arnold S. Monto, Maria Zambon, Jerry P. Weir
New England Journal of Medicine, 29.02.2024
Tilføjet 29.02.2024
56
Analysis of data from two influenza surveillance hospitals in Zhejiang province, China, for the period 2018–2022
Yuda Wang, Yan Liu, Guangtao Liu, Xiuxiu Sun, Zizhe Zhang, Jianyong Shen
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 29.02.2024
Tilføjet 29.02.2024
by Yuda Wang, Yan Liu, Guangtao Liu, Xiuxiu Sun, Zizhe Zhang, Jianyong Shen Purpose To assess the epidemiology of seasonal influenza in Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China, during 2018–2022 and provide insights for influenza prevention. Methods Following the National Influenza Surveillance Program, we conducted pathogen surveillance by randomly sampling throat swabs from cases with influenza-like illness (ILI) at two sentinel hospitals. Results From 2018 to 2022, a total of 3,813,471 cases were treated at two hospitals in Huzhou, China. Among them, there were 112,385 cases of Influenza-Like Illness (ILI), accounting for 2.95% of the total number of cases. A total of 11,686 ILI throat swab samples were tested for influenza viruses, with 1,602 cases testing positive for influenza virus nucleic acid, resulting in a positivity rate of 13.71%. Among the positive strains, there were 677 strains of A(H3N2) virus, 301 strains of A(H1N1) virus, 570 strains of B/Victoria virus, and 54 strains of B/Yamagata virus. The ILI percentage (ILI%) and influenza nucleic acid positivity rate showed winter-spring peaks in the years 2018, 2019, 2021, and 2022, with the peaks concentrated in January and February. Additionally, a small peak was observed in August 2022 during the summer season. No peak was observed during the winter-spring season of 2020. The highest proportion of ILI cases was observed in children aged 0–4 years, followed by school-age children aged 5–14 years. There was a positive correlation between ILI% and influenza virus nucleic acid positivity rate (r = 0.60, p < 0.05). Conclusions The influenza outbreak in Huzhou from 2020 to 2022 was to some extent influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic and public health measures. After the conclusion of the COVID-19 pandemic, the influenza outbreak in Huzhou may become more severe. Therefore, it is crucial to promptly assess the influenza outbreak trends based on the ILI% and the positivity rate of influenza virus nucleic acid tests.
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57
A comparative study of apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, and PANoptosis components in mouse and human cells
Sk Mohiuddin Choudhury, Roman Sarkar, Rajendra Karki, Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 28.02.2024
Tilføjet 28.02.2024
by Sk Mohiuddin Choudhury, Roman Sarkar, Rajendra Karki, Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti Regulated cell death is a key component of the innate immune response, which provides the first line of defense against infection and homeostatic perturbations. However, cell death can also drive pathogenesis. The most well-defined cell death pathways can be categorized as nonlytic (apoptosis) and lytic (pyroptosis, necroptosis, and PANoptosis). While specific triggers are known to induce each of these cell death pathways, it is unclear whether all cell types express the cell death proteins required to activate these pathways. Here, we assessed the protein expression and compared the responses of immune and non-immune cells of human and mouse origin to canonical pyroptotic (LPS plus ATP), apoptotic (staurosporine), necroptotic (TNF-α plus z-VAD), and PANoptotic (influenza A virus infection) stimuli. When compared to fibroblasts, both mouse and human innate immune cells, macrophages, expressed higher levels of cell death proteins and activated cell death effectors more robustly, including caspase-1, gasdermins, caspase-8, and RIPKs, in response to specific stimuli. Our findings highlight the importance of considering the cell type when examining the mechanisms regulating inflammation and cell death. Improved understanding of the cell types that contain the machinery to execute different forms of cell death and their link to innate immune responses is critical to identify new strategies to target these pathways in specific cellular populations for the treatment of infectious diseases, inflammatory disorders, and cancer.
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58
In vitro modelling of bacterial pneumonia: a comparative analysis of widely applied complex cell culture models
FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 27.02.2024
Tilføjet 27.02.2024
Abstract Bacterial pneumonia greatly contributes to the disease burden and mortality of lower respiratory tract infections among all age groups and risk profiles. Therefore, laboratory modelling of bacterial pneumonia remains important for elucidating the complex host-pathogen interactions and to determine drug efficacy and toxicity. In vitro cell culture enables for the creation of high-throughput, specific disease models in a tightly controlled environment. Advanced human cell culture models specifically, can bridge the research gap between the classical two-dimensional cell models and animal models. This review provides an overview of the current status of the development of complex cellular in vitro models to study bacterial pneumonia infections, with a focus on air-liquid interface models, spheroid, organoid, and lung-on-a-chip models. For the wide scale, comparative literature search, we selected six clinically highly relevant bacteria (P. aeruginosa, M. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, M. tuberculosis, S. pneumoniae, and S. aureus). We reviewed the cell lines that are commonly used, as well as trends and discrepancies in the methodology, ranging from cell infection parameters to assay read-outs. We also highlighted the importance of model validation and data transparency in guiding the research field towards more complex infection models.
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59
A protectin DX (PDX) analog with in vitro activity against influenza A(H1N1) viruses
Nicolas Fortin, Mathilde Hénaut, Nathalie Goyette, René Maltais, Jean‐Yves Sancéau, André Marette, Donald Poirier, Yacine Abed, Guy Boivin
Journal of Medical Virology, 26.02.2024
Tilføjet 26.02.2024
60
An orally active entry inhibitor of influenza A viruses protects mice and synergizes with oseltamivir and baloxavir marboxil
Irina Gaisina, Ping Li, Ruikun Du, Qinghua Cui, Meiyue Dong, Chengcheng Zhang, Balaji Manicassamy, Michael Caffrey, Terry Moore, Laura Cooper, Lijun Rong
Science Advances, 24.02.2024
Tilføjet 24.02.2024
61
Excess hospitalizations and in-hospital mortality associated with seasonal influenza in Italy: a 11-year retrospective study
BMC Infectious Diseases, 22.02.2024
Tilføjet 22.02.2024
Abstract Background Influenza and flu-like syndromes are difficult to monitor because the symptoms are not specific, laboratory tests are not routinely performed, and diagnosis codes are often lacking or incompletely registered in medical records. This may result in an underestimation of hospital admissions, associated costs, and in-hospital mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the public health and economic burden of hospitalisations associated with influenza in Italy, at the national and regional levels. Methods This 11-year retrospective study included patients admitted to hospitals for influenza or diagnoses associated with influenza (including respiratory and cardiocirculatory conditions) from 2008/09 to 2018/19. Data on hospitalisations were extracted from the Italian Hospital Discharge Records. Information on weekly influenza-like syndrome incidence and weekly average temperature were used to estimate the burden of influenza in terms of hospital admissions in every Italian region and for different age groups by applying a negative binomial model. The model was also applied to estimate in-hospital mortality and the total costs of influenza and influenza-like hospital admissions. Results Over the study period, in addition to 3,970 average seasonal admissions coded as influenza, we estimated an average of 21,500 excess hospitalization associated with influenza per season, which corresponds to 36.4 cases per 100,000. Most of the excess hospitalisations concerned older individuals (> 65 years) and children (0–4 years) with 86 and 125 cases per 100,000, respectively. Large variations were observed across regions. Overall, the total estimated hospital burden associated with influenza (including respiratory and cardiocirculatory conditions) was approximately €123 m per year. While the in-hospital mortality for admissions with a primary diagnosis of influenza was very low (~ 150 cases per season), cases increased dramatically for primary diagnoses of influenza and pneumonia (about 9,500 cases per season). The average seasonal in-hospital deaths attributable to influenza were equal to 2,775 cases. Conclusions Our findings suggest a remarkable underestimation of the burden of influenza, mostly in the older population but not neglectable in younger individuals. Our results may aid the management of current and future flu seasons and should be used for policy making (e.g., vaccine strategies) and operation management choices (e.g., planning and staffing beds during influenza peaks). Overall, the present study supports the need for increased testing for influenza in Italy to tackle the current underestimation of influenza burden.
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62
The associations between invasive group A streptococcal disease and infection with influenza, varicella or hepatitis C viruses: A data linkage study, Victoria, Australia
Jessie J. Goldsmith, Christy Vu, Ziheng Zhu, Jennifer MacLachlan, Tilda N. Thomson, Patricia Therese Campbell, Katherine B. Gibney
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 21.02.2024
Tilføjet 21.02.2024
Invasive group A streptococcal disease (iGAS) is a rare and life-threatening infection. It occurs when group A Streptococcus bacteria (GAS, Streptococcus pyogenes) invade otherwise sterile sites of the body, such as the blood and cerebrospinal fluid.[1] Globally, it is estimated that 15–25% of iGAS cases are fatal.[1] Severe manifestations such as sepsis, streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) and necrotising fasciitis have higher case fatality rates, even in well-resourced settings.[1, 2] iGAS is managed with antibiotics, and often requires surgery and supportive care for organ dysfunction.[2] However, patients frequently experience rapid clinical progression and urgent medical attention is critical.[2] It is imperative that the factors that increase the risk of iGAS are well understood to support early diagnosis and rapid institution of life-saving medical care.
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63
A phase 1 study in healthy volunteers to investigate the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of VIR-2482: a monoclonal antibody for the prevention of severe influenza A illness
David PlotnikJennifer E. SagerMadhukar AryalMarie C. FangetAlessia PeterMichael A. SchmidDeborah CebrikErik MogalianKeith BoundyWendy W. YehPaul GriffinMaribel Reyes1Vir Biotechnology, San Francisco, California, USA2Humabs BioMed, SA, Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland3Mater Health and University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia, James E. Leggett
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 21.02.2024
Tilføjet 21.02.2024
64
Excess hospitalizations and in-hospital mortality associated with seasonal influenza in Italy: a 11-year retrospective study
BMC Infectious Diseases, 21.02.2024
Tilføjet 21.02.2024
Abstract Background Influenza and flu-like syndromes are difficult to monitor because the symptoms are not specific, laboratory tests are not routinely performed, and diagnosis codes are often lacking or incompletely registered in medical records. This may result in an underestimation of hospital admissions, associated costs, and in-hospital mortality. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the public health and economic burden of hospitalisations associated with influenza in Italy, at the national and regional levels. Methods This 11-year retrospective study included patients admitted to hospitals for influenza or diagnoses associated with influenza (including respiratory and cardiocirculatory conditions) from 2008/09 to 2018/19. Data on hospitalisations were extracted from the Italian Hospital Discharge Records. Information on weekly influenza-like syndrome incidence and weekly average temperature were used to estimate the burden of influenza in terms of hospital admissions in every Italian region and for different age groups by applying a negative binomial model. The model was also applied to estimate in-hospital mortality and the total costs of influenza and influenza-like hospital admissions. Results Over the study period, in addition to 3,970 average seasonal admissions coded as influenza, we estimated an average of 21,500 excess hospitalization associated with influenza per season, which corresponds to 36.4 cases per 100,000. Most of the excess hospitalisations concerned older individuals (> 65 years) and children (0–4 years) with 86 and 125 cases per 100,000, respectively. Large variations were observed across regions. Overall, the total estimated hospital burden associated with influenza (including respiratory and cardiocirculatory conditions) was approximately €123 m per year. While the in-hospital mortality for admissions with a primary diagnosis of influenza was very low (~ 150 cases per season), cases increased dramatically for primary diagnoses of influenza and pneumonia (about 9,500 cases per season). The average seasonal in-hospital deaths attributable to influenza were equal to 2,775 cases. Conclusions Our findings suggest a remarkable underestimation of the burden of influenza, mostly in the older population but not neglectable in younger individuals. Our results may aid the management of current and future flu seasons and should be used for policy making (e.g., vaccine strategies) and operation management choices (e.g., planning and staffing beds during influenza peaks). Overall, the present study supports the need for increased testing for influenza in Italy to tackle the current underestimation of influenza burden.
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65
Development of a novel dynamic nosocomial infection risk management method for COVID-19 in outpatient settings
BMC Infectious Diseases, 20.02.2024
Tilføjet 20.02.2024
Abstract Background Application of accumulated experience and management measures in the prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has generally depended on the subjective judgment of epidemic intensity, with the quality of prevention and control management being uneven. The present study was designed to develop a novel risk management system for COVID-19 infection in outpatients, with the ability to provide accurate and hierarchical control based on estimated risk of infection. Methods Infection risk was estimated using an auto regressive integrated moving average model (ARIMA). Weekly surveillance data on influenza-like-illness (ILI) among outpatients at Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University and Baidu search data downloaded from the Baidu Index in 2021 and 22 were used to fit the ARIMA model. The ability of this model to estimate infection risk was evaluated by determining the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), with a Delphi process used to build consensus on hierarchical infection control measures. COVID-19 control measures were selected by reviewing published regulations, papers and guidelines. Recommendations for surface sterilization and personal protection were determined for low and high risk periods, with these recommendations implemented based on predicted results. Results The ARIMA model produced exact estimates for both the ILI and search engine data. The MAPEs of 20-week rolling forecasts for these datasets were 13.65% and 8.04%, respectively. Based on these two risk levels, the hierarchical infection prevention methods provided guidelines for personal protection and disinfection. Criteria were also established for upgrading or downgrading infection prevention strategies based on ARIMA results. Conclusion These innovative methods, along with the ARIMA model, showed efficient infection protection for healthcare workers in close contact with COVID-19 infected patients, saving nearly 41% of the cost of maintaining high-level infection prevention measures and enhancing control of respiratory infections.
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66
Outbreak of severe community-acquired bacterial infections among children in North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany), October to December 2022
Infection, 18.02.2024
Tilføjet 18.02.2024
Abstract Purpose In late 2022, a surge of severe S. pyogenes infections was reported in several European countries. This study assessed hospitalizations and disease severity of community-acquired bacterial infections with S. pyogenes, S. pneumoniae, N. meningitidis, and H. influenzae among children in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), Germany, during the last quarter of 2022 compared to long-term incidences. Methods Hospital cases due to bacterial infections between October and December 2022 were collected in a multicenter study (MC) from 59/62 (95%) children\'s hospitals in NRW and combined with surveillance data (2016–2023) from the national reference laboratories for streptococci, N. meningitidis, and H. influenzae. Overall and pathogen-specific incidence rates (IR) from January 2016 to March 2023 were estimated via capture–recapture analyses. Expected annual deaths from the studied pathogens were calculated from national death cause statistics. Results In the MC study, 153 cases with high overall disease severity were reported with pneumonia being most common (59%, n = 91). IRs of bacterial infections declined at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and massively surged to unprecedented levels in late 2022 and early 2023 (overall hospitalizations 3.5-fold), with S. pyogenes and S. pneumoniae as main drivers (18-fold and threefold). Observed deaths during the study period exceeded the expected number for the entire year in NRW by far (7 vs. 0.9). Discussion The unprecedented peak of bacterial infections and deaths in late 2022 and early 2023 was caused mainly by S. pyogenes and S. pneumoniae. Improved precautionary measures are needed to attenuate future outbreaks.
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67
Outbreak of severe community-acquired bacterial infections among children in North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany), October to December 2022
Infection, 17.02.2024
Tilføjet 17.02.2024
Abstract Purpose In late 2022, a surge of severe S. pyogenes infections was reported in several European countries. This study assessed hospitalizations and disease severity of community-acquired bacterial infections with S. pyogenes, S. pneumoniae, N. meningitidis, and H. influenzae among children in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), Germany, during the last quarter of 2022 compared to long-term incidences. Methods Hospital cases due to bacterial infections between October and December 2022 were collected in a multicenter study (MC) from 59/62 (95%) children\'s hospitals in NRW and combined with surveillance data (2016–2023) from the national reference laboratories for streptococci, N. meningitidis, and H. influenzae. Overall and pathogen-specific incidence rates (IR) from January 2016 to March 2023 were estimated via capture–recapture analyses. Expected annual deaths from the studied pathogens were calculated from national death cause statistics. Results In the MC study, 153 cases with high overall disease severity were reported with pneumonia being most common (59%, n = 91). IRs of bacterial infections declined at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic and massively surged to unprecedented levels in late 2022 and early 2023 (overall hospitalizations 3.5-fold), with S. pyogenes and S. pneumoniae as main drivers (18-fold and threefold). Observed deaths during the study period exceeded the expected number for the entire year in NRW by far (7 vs. 0.9). Discussion The unprecedented peak of bacterial infections and deaths in late 2022 and early 2023 was caused mainly by S. pyogenes and S. pneumoniae. Improved precautionary measures are needed to attenuate future outbreaks.
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68
Nudging towards COVID-19 and influenza vaccination uptake in medically at-risk children: EPIC study protocol of randomised controlled trials in Australian paediatric outpatient clinics
Wang, B., Andraweera, P., Danchin, M., Blyth, C. C., Vlaev, I., Ong, J., Dodd, J. M., Couper, J., Sullivan, T. R., Karnon, J., Spurrier, N., Cusack, M., Mordaunt, D., Simatos, D., Dekker, G., Carlson, S., Tuckerman, J., Wood, N., Whop, L. J., Marshall, H.
BMJ Open, 17.02.2024
Tilføjet 17.02.2024
IntroductionChildren with chronic medical diseases are at an unacceptable risk of hospitalisation and death from influenza and SARS-CoV-2 infections. Over the past two decades, behavioural scientists have learnt how to design non-coercive ‘nudge’ interventions to encourage positive health behaviours. Our study aims to evaluate the impact of multicomponent nudge interventions on the uptake of COVID-19 and influenza vaccines in medically at-risk children. Methods and analysesTwo separate randomised controlled trials (RCTs), each with 1038 children, will enrol a total of approximately 2076 children with chronic medical conditions who are attending tertiary hospitals in South Australia, Western Australia and Victoria. Participants will be randomly assigned (1:1) to the standard care or intervention group. The nudge intervention in each RCT will consist of three text message reminders with four behavioural nudges including (1) social norm messages, (2) different messengers through links to short educational videos from a paediatrician, medically at-risk child and parent and nurse, (3) a pledge to have their child or themselves vaccinated and (4) information salience through links to the current guidelines and vaccine safety information. The primary outcome is the proportion of medically at-risk children who receive at least one dose of vaccine within 3 months of randomisation. Logistic regression analysis will be performed to determine the effect of the intervention on the probability of vaccination uptake. Ethics and disseminationThe protocol and study documents have been reviewed and approved by the Women’s and Children’s Health Network Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC/22/WCHN/2022/00082). The results will be published via peer-reviewed journals and presented at scientific meetings and public forums. Trial registration numberNCT05613751.
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69
Influenza-like illness surveillance may underestimate the incidence of respiratory syncytial virus in adult outpatients
Alexander Domnich, Andrea Orsi, Matilde Ogliastro, Allegra Ferrari, Bianca Bruzzone, Donatella Panatto, Giancarlo Icardi
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 16.02.2024
Tilføjet 16.02.2024
In adults, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) and is associated with a significant burden [1]. Two adult RSV vaccines have recently been authorized [2].
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70
Healthcare-seeking behaviours of patients with acute respiratory infection: a cross-sectional survey in a rural area of southwest China
Dai, P., Qi, L., Jia, M., Li, T., Ran, H., Jiang, M., Tang, W., Yan, C., Yang, W., Ren, Y., Feng, L.
BMJ Open, 16.02.2024
Tilføjet 16.02.2024
ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the healthcare-seeking behaviour and related factors of people with acute respiratory symptoms in the rural areas of central and western China to estimate the disease burden of influenza more accurately. DesignCross-sectional survey. SettingsFifty-two communities/villages in the Wanzhou District, Chongqing, China, a rural area in southwest China, from May 2022 to July 2022. ParticipantsThe participants were those who had been living in Wanzhou District continuously for more than 6 months and consented to participate. Outcome measuresA semistructured questionnaire was used to determine the healthcare-seeking behaviour of participants, and the dichotomous response of ‘yes’ or ‘no’ was used to assess whether participants had acute respiratory symptoms and their healthcare-seeking behaviour. ResultsOnly 50.92% (360 of 707) of the patients with acute respiratory infection visited medical and health institutions for treatment, whereas 49.08% (347 of 707) avoided treatment or opted for self-medication. The primary reason for not seeing a doctor was that patients felt their condition was not serious and visiting a medical facility for treatment was unnecessary. Short distance (87.54%) and reasonable charges (49.48%) were ranked as the most important reasons for choosing treatment at primary medical and health facilities (80.27%). The primary reasons for which patients visited secondary and tertiary hospitals (7.78% and 8.61%, respectively) were that doctors in such facilities were better at diagnosis (57.14%) and at treatment (87.10%). ConclusionThe findings provided in this study indicated that regular healthcare-seeking behaviour investigations should be conducted. The disease burden of influenza can be calculated more accurately when healthcare-seeking behaviour investigations are combined with surveillance in the hospitals.
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71
Epidemiology of Human Seasonal Coronaviruses Among People With Mild and Severe Acute Respiratory Illness in Blantyre, Malawi, 2011–2017
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 16.02.2024
Tilføjet 16.02.2024
Abstract Background The aim of this study was to characterize the epidemiology of human seasonal coronaviruses (HCoVs) in southern Malawi.Methods We tested for HCoVs 229E, OC43, NL63, and HKU1 using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on upper respiratory specimens from asymptomatic controls and individuals of all ages recruited through severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) surveillance at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, and a prospective influenza-like illness (ILI) observational study between 2011 and 2017. We modeled the probability of having a positive PCR for each HCoV using negative binomial models, and calculated pathogen-attributable fractions (PAFs).Results Overall, 8.8% (539/6107) of specimens were positive for ≥1 HCoV. OC43 was the most frequently detected HCoV (3.1% [191/6107]). NL63 was more frequently detected in ILI patients (adjusted incidence rate ratio [aIRR], 9.60 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 3.25–28.30]), while 229E (aIRR, 8.99 [95% CI, 1.81–44.70]) was more frequent in SARI patients than asymptomatic controls. In adults, 229E and OC43 were associated with SARI (PAF, 86.5% and 89.4%, respectively), while NL63 was associated with ILI (PAF, 85.1%). The prevalence of HCoVs was similar between children with SARI and controls. All HCoVs had bimodal peaks but distinct seasonality.Conclusions OC43 was the most prevalent HCoV in acute respiratory illness of all ages. Individual HCoVs had distinct seasonality that differed from temperate settings.
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72
The burden of HMPV and influenza associated hospitalizations in adults in New Zealand, 2012-2015
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 13.02.2024
Tilføjet 13.02.2024
Abstract Background Unlike influenza, information on the burden of human metapneumovirus (HMPV) as a cause of hospitalizations in adults with acute respiratory illness (ARI) is limited.Methods We compared the population-based incidence, seasonality, and clinical characteristics of these two viral infections among adults aged 20 years and over with ARI hospitalisations in Auckland, New Zealand, during 2012-2015 through the Southern Hemisphere Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Research and Surveillance (SHIVERS) project.Results Of the 14,139 ARI hospitalisations, 276 (4.3%) of 6484 tested positive for HMPV and 1342 (19.1%) of 7027 tested positive for influenza. Crude rates of 9.8 (95% CI: 8.7-11.0) HMPV and 47.6 (95% CI: 45.1-50.1) influenza-associated ARI hospitalisations were estimated for every 100,000 adult residents annually. The highest rates for both viruses were in those aged 80 years or older, of Māori or Pacific ethnicity, or living in low socioeconomic status (SES) areas. HMPV infections were more common than influenza in those with chronic medical conditions.Conclusions Although HMPV infections accounted for fewer hospitalisations than influenza in adults aged 20 years and over, HMPV-associated ARI hospitalisation rates were higher than influenza in older adults, Maori and Pacific people and those of low SES. This highlighted a need for vaccine/antiviral development.
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73
Comparison of the adherence of nontypeable haemophilus influenzae to lung epithelial cells
BMC Infectious Diseases, 13.02.2024
Tilføjet 13.02.2024
Abstract Objective Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) plays an important role in respiratory tract infections, and adherence to lung epithelial cells is the first step in lung infections. To explore the role of NTHi in childhood lung infections, a comparative study was conducted on the adherence of strains isolated from sputum culture and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid to A549 lung epithelial cells. Methods Haemophilus influenzae strains were obtained from the sample bank of Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, and identified as NTHi via PCR detection of the capsule gene bexA. NTHi obtained from healthy children’s nasopharyngeal swabs culture were selected as the control group, and a comparative study was conducted on the adherence of strains isolated from sputum culture or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients to A549 cells. Results The adherence bacterial counts of NTHi isolated from the nasopharyngeal cultures of healthy children to A549 cells was 58.2 CFU. In patients with lung diseases, NTHi isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was 104.3 CFU, and from sputum cultures was 115.1 CFU, both of which were significantly higher in their adherence to A549 cells compared to the strains isolated from the healthy control group. There was no significant difference in adherence between the strains isolated from sputum cultures and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (t = 0.5217, p = 0.6033). Conclusion NTHi played an important role in childhood pulmonary infections by enhancing its adherence to lung epithelial cells.
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74
Identification and relative abundance of naturally presented and cross-reactive influenza A virus MHC class I-restricted T cell epitopes
Hazem HamzaMichael GhoshMarkus W. LöfflerHans-Georg RammenseeOliver Planza Institute for Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germanyb Virology Laboratory, Environmental Research Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egyptc Institute for Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, Medical Faculty of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germanyd Centre for Clinical Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germanye Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC2180) “Image-Guided and Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies”, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germanyf German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), partner site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germanyg Cluster of Excellence CMFI (EXC2124) “Controlling Microbes to Fight Infections”, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
Emerg Microbes Infect, 9.02.2024
Tilføjet 9.02.2024
75
Risk of cardiovascular events after influenza: A population-based Self Controlled Case Series study, Spain 2011-2018
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 9.02.2024
Tilføjet 9.02.2024
Abstract This study explores the relationship between influenza infection, both clinically diagnosed in primary-care and laboratory confirmed in hospital, and atherothrombotic events (acute myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke) in Spain. A population-based self-controlled case series design was used with individual-level data from electronic registries (n = 2,230,015). The risk of atherothrombotic events in subjects ≥50 years old increased more than 2-fold during the 14 days after the mildest influenza cases in patients with fewer risk factors and more than 4-fold after severe cases in the most vulnerable patients, remaining in them more than 2-fold for 2 months. The transient increase of the association, its gradient after influenza infection and the demonstration by 4 different sensitivity analyses provide further evidence supporting causality. This work reinforces the official recommendations for influenza prevention in at-risk groups and should also increase the awareness of even milder influenza infection and its possible complications in the general population.
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76
Effectiveness of financial incentives on influenza vaccination among older adults in China: A randomized clinical trial
Yang Shen, Jingyu Wang, Jian Wang, Stephen Nicholas, Elizabeth Maitland, Min Lv, Tao Yin, Dawei Zhu
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 8.02.2024
Tilføjet 8.02.2024
To investigate the short-term and long-term effectiveness of different level of financial incentives on increasing the willingness to vaccinate and vaccine uptake.
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77
CDC Warns of Low Vaccination Rates Amid Spike in Respiratory Diseases
Journal of the American Medical Association, 8.02.2024
Tilføjet 8.02.2024
From November to December 2023, US hospitalization rates increased by 200% for influenza, 51% for COVID-19, and 60% for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) among all age groups, according to a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) advisory. Amid growing concern, the CDC issued the advisory about the low vaccination rates for all 3 respiratory illnesses and developed a vaccination conversation guide with talking points to help clinicians encourage uptake.
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78
Influenza at the 2021 Grand Magal of Touba and possible spread to rural villages in South Senegal - a genomic epidemiological study.
Ndiaw GOUMBALLA, Fatou Samba Diouf, Mamadou BEYE, Masse Sambou, Hubert Bassène, Mamadou Dieng, Adama Aïdara, Lorlane LE TARGA, Philippe COLSON, Philippe GAUTRET, Cheikh SOKHNA
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 7.02.2024
Tilføjet 7.02.2024
The Grand Magal of Touba (GMT) is the largest religious mass gathering in Senegal. An estimated 4-5 million pilgrims participate in the event each year.
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79
Immunosuppressants exert antiviral effects against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus via inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis, mRNA splicing, and protein stability
Xin WangFeiyang PuXuanye YangXili FengJiayou ZhangKai DuanXuanxuan NianZhongren MaXiao-Xia MaXiao-Ming Yanga Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, Chinab School of Stomatology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Chinac National Engineering Technology Research Center for Combined Vaccines, Wuhan, Chinad Wuhan Institute of Biological Products Co, Ltd, Wuhan, Chinae China National Biotech Group Company Limited, Beijing, China
Virulence, 7.02.2024
Tilføjet 7.02.2024
80
[Articles] Safety and efficacy of onradivir in adults with acute uncomplicated influenza A infection: a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial
Zifeng Yang, Zhengtu Li, Yangqing Zhan, Zhengshi Lin, Zhonghao Fang, Xiaowei Xu, Lin Lin, Haijun Li, Zejun Lin, Changyuan Kang, Jingyi Liang, Shiwei Liang, Yongming Li, Shaoqiang Li, Xinyun Yang, Feng Ye, Nanshan Zhong, Onradivir Trial Recruitment and Medical Monitoring Group
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 6.02.2024
Tilføjet 6.02.2024
Onradivir showed a safety profile comparable to placebo, as well as higher efficacy than placebo in ameliorating influenza symptoms and lowering the viral load in adult patients with uncomplicated influenza infection, especially the onradivir 600 mg once per day regimen.
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81
A Call to Action: Urgently Strengthening the Future Physician-Scientist Workforce in Infectious Diseases
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 4.02.2024
Tilføjet 4.02.2024
Abstract Research on infectious diseases (ID) is crucial for enhancing public health worldwide. Often, it is physician-scientists who spearhead these medical breakthroughs. However, the current workforce in infectious diseases faces significant challenges. In this perspective, we address these challenges and propose strategies to bolster the physician-scientist workforce in ID. Tracing the history of ID research from the dawn of the modern era to the present, we highlight the unique contributions of physician-scientists and groundbreaking discoveries that have shaped human health. We underscore the role of ID research in unraveling disease mechanisms and developing treatments and vaccines that promote public health and prevention measures. We emphasize the ongoing need for ID research due to the persistence of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, the development of antimicrobial resistance, and longstanding infectious threats such as HIV and influenza. By analyzing the current landscape and challenges of the physician-scientist workforce in ID, we shed light on existing gaps and economic realities in academic medicine. We draw attention to the status of the ID field, which is often overshadowed by other medical specialties. We advocate for a shift in focus from intervention in response to outbreaks to sustained prevention and preparedness efforts. We delve into hurdles physician-scientists face, such as limited funding opportunities, inadequate training and mentorship programs, and insufficient research and clinical practice integration. To strengthen the physician-scientist workforce, we present a comprehensive roadmap. This includes increasing funding opportunities, developing robust training programs, enhancing mentorship and career development, promoting collaboration and interdisciplinary research, broadening the definition of research, identifying unmet needs, and improving recognition and reward systems. Here, we highlight the critical importance of a well-supported physician-scientist workforce in ID research. We call for immediate action to implement the proposed strategies and ensure the continuous advancement of infectious diseases research and patient care.
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82
Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of antiviral treatment in patients hospitalized for influenza
Krisztina Hosszu-Fellous, Pauline Vetter, Thomas Agoritsas, Laurent Kaiser
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 3.02.2024
Tilføjet 3.02.2024
Oseltamivir is the most widely used influenza antiviral in the world. Yet, due to the lack of strong evidence, physicians remain divided over whether patients hospitalized with complicated influenza would benefit from oseltamivir administration and, if yes, for how long after symptom onset. To establish sound recommendations, randomized, placebo-controlled trials (RCT) are essential.
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83
Intolerance of uncertainty and mental health in China “Post-pandemic” age: The mediating role of difficulties in emotion regulation
Zi-Hao Gao, Jun Li
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 1.02.2024
Tilføjet 1.02.2024
by Zi-Hao Gao, Jun Li The Chinese government adjusted its national epidemic prevention and control policy in December 2022 after the worldwide declaration of COVID-19 as a common influenza. After the policy adjustment, there has been widespread infection in China, which has brought a lot of uncertainty to the lives and studies of Chinese university students. This study focused on the impact of the intolerance of uncertainty for COVID-19 (IUC) on the emotional and mental health of college students in China “Post-pandemic” age. This study examined the mediating role of difficulties in emotion regulation (DER) between IUC and mental health (MH). 1,281 university students in China were surveyed using the intolerance of uncertainty for COVID-19 scale, the difficulties in emotion regulation scale and the mental health scale. A structural equation model was used to test the hypothesis model, and it was shown that IUC had a significant negative effect on the MH of college students and a significant positive effect on the DER. DER had a significant negative effect on the MH, and DER had a complete mediation effect between IUC and MH. The findings of this study enrich our understanding of the influencing factors of mental health of university students under the background of post-epidemic in China, and provide practical reference for universities on how to prevent mental health problems under the current uncertain environment in China.
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84
High-Dose Flu Vaccine May Be More Effective for Midlife Adults
Journal of the American Medical Association, 1.02.2024
Tilføjet 1.02.2024
Adults aged 65 years or older already get high-dose vaccines to protect against influenza. Now, observational data from more than 1.6 million people in the US suggests that a high-dose vaccine may also be more effective than standard-dose vaccines for adults aged 50 to 64 years.
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85
Avian ANP32A incorporated in avian influenza A virions promotes interspecies transmission by priming early viral replication in mammals
Lei Na, Liuke Sun, Mengmeng Yu, Yingzhi Zhang, Yuan Zhang, Zhenyu Zhang, Haili Zhang, Ting Qi, Wei Guo, Xing Guo, Shida Wang, Jingfei Wang, Yuezhi Lin, Xiaojun Wang
Science Advances, 1.02.2024
Tilføjet 1.02.2024
86
Optimization of an allelic discrimination real‐time RT‐PCR assay for detection of H275Y oseltamivir resistance gene mutation among influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 patients from 2020 to 2022
Gandhapu Harish, Ujwal Shetty, Prasad Varamballi, Chiranjay Mukhopadhyay, Anitha Jagadesh
Journal of Medical Virology, 31.01.2024
Tilføjet 31.01.2024
87
Clinical features and outcomes of influenza and RSV coinfections: a report from Canadian immunization research network serious outcomes surveillance network
BMC Infectious Diseases, 31.01.2024
Tilføjet 31.01.2024
Abstract Background Influenza and RSV coinfections are not commonly seen but are concerning as they can lead to serious illness and adverse clinical outcomes among vulnerable populations. Here we describe the clinical features and outcomes of influenza and RSV coinfections in hospitalized adults. Methods A cohort study was performed with pooled active surveillance in hospitalized adults ≥ 50 years from the Serious Outcomes Surveillance Network of the Canadian Immunization Research Network (CIRN SOS) during the 2012/13, 2013/14, and 2014/15 influenza seasons. Descriptive statistics summarized the characteristics of influenza/RSV coinfections. Kaplan-Meier estimated the probability of survival over the first 30 days of hospitalization. Results Over three influenza seasons, we identified 33 cases of RSV and influenza coinfection, accounting for 2.39 cases per 1,000 hospitalizations of patients with acute respiratory illnesses. Adults aged 50 + years commonly reported cough (81.8%), shortness of breath (66.7%), sputum production (45.5%), weakness (33.3%), fever (27.3%), and nasal congestion (24.2%) as constitutional and lower respiratory tract infection symptoms. The mortality rate was substantial (12.1%), and age, comorbidity burden, and frailty were associated with a higher risk for adverse clinical outcomes. Conclusions Older adults are at higher risk for complications from influenza and RSV coinfections, especially those over 65 with a high comorbidity burden and frailty.
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88
Effectiveness of high-dose vs. standard-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine against recurrent hospitalisations and mortality in relation to influenza circulation: a post-hoc analysis of the DANFLU-1 randomised clinical trial
Niklas Dyrby Johansen, Daniel Modin, Kristoffer Grundtvig Skaarup, Joshua Nealon, Sandrine Samson, Marine Dufournet, Matthew M. Loiacono, Rebecca C. Harris, Carsten Schade Larsen, Anne Marie Reimer Jensen, Nino Emanuel Landler, Brian L. Claggett, Prof Scott D. Solomon, Prof Martin J. Landray, Prof Gunnar H. Gislason, Prof Lars Køber, Prof Jens Ulrik Stæhr Jensen, Pradeesh Sivapalan, Lasse Skafte Vestergaard, Palle Valentiner-Branth, Tyra Grove Krause, Prof Tor Biering-Sørensen
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 27.01.2024
Tilføjet 27.01.2024
To evaluate the relative effectiveness of high-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV-HD) vs. standard-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine (QIV-SD) against recurrent hospitalisations and its potential variation in relation to influenza circulation.
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89
Identification of specific neutralizing antibodies for highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 2.3.4.4b clades to facilitate vaccine design and therapeutics
Bao Tuan DuongSeon Ju YeoHyun Parka Zoonosis Research Center, Department of Infection Biology, School of Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Koreab Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Koreac Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Medical Research Center, Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Emerg Microbes Infect, 23.01.2024
Tilføjet 23.01.2024
90
One HA stalk topping multiple heads as a novel influenza vaccine
Ping ZhouTianyi QiuXiang WangXi YangHongyang ShiCaihong ZhuWeiqian DaiMan XingXiaoyan ZhangJianqing XuDongming Zhoua Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of Chinab Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Shanghai, People’s Republic of Chinac Institute of Clinical Science, ZhongShan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of Chinad Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of Chinae Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 23.01.2024
Tilføjet 23.01.2024
91
Characterization of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) viruses isolated from cats in South Korea, 2023
Kyungmoon LeeMinjoo YeomThi Thu Hang VuHai-Quynh DoWoonsung NaMikyung LeeDae Gwin JeongDoo-Sung CheonDaesub Songa Department of Virology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Koreab College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, South Koreac College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam University, Gwangju, South Koread Social Cat Clinic, Gyeonggi, South Koreae Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, South Koreaf Postbio, Gyeonggi, South Korea
Emerg Microbes Infect, 23.01.2024
Tilføjet 23.01.2024
92
Comparison of geological clusters between influenza and COVID-19 in Thailand with unsupervised clustering analysis
Thanin Methiyothin, Insung Ahn
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 23.01.2024
Tilføjet 23.01.2024
by Thanin Methiyothin, Insung Ahn The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has considerably impacted public health, including the transmission patterns of other respiratory pathogens, such as the 2009 pandemic influenza (H1N1). COVID-19 and influenza are both respiratory infections that started with a lack of vaccination-based immunity in the population. However, vaccinations have been administered over time, resulting in a transition of the status of both diseases from a pandemic to an endemic. In this study, unsupervised clustering techniques were used to identify clusters of disease trends in Thailand. The analysis incorporated three distinct surveillance datasets: the pandemic influenza outbreak, influenza in the endemic stage, and the early stages of COVID-19. The analysis demonstrated a significant difference in the distribution of provinces between Cluster -1, representing those with unique transmission patterns, and the other clusters, indicating provinces with similar transmission patterns among their members. Specifically, for Pandemic Influenza, the ratio was 61:16, while for Pandemic COVID-19, it was 65:12. In contrast, Endemic Influenza exhibited a ratio of 46:31, with a notable emergence of more clustered provinces in the southern, western, and central regions. Furthermore, a pair of provinces with highly similar spreading patterns were identified during the pandemic stages of both influenza and COVID-19. Although the similarity decreased slightly for endemic influenza, they still belonged to the same cluster. Our objective was to identify the transmission patterns of influenza and COVID-19, with the aim of providing quantitative and spatial information to aid public health management in preparing for future pandemics or transitioning into an endemic phase.
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93
Immunogenicity and safety of concomitant bivalent COVID-19 and quadrivalent influenza vaccination: Implications of immune imprinting and interference
Min Joo Choi, Young Jun Yu, Jae Won Kim, Hea Jeon Ju, So Youn Shin, Yun-Jung Yang, Hee Jin Cheong, Woo Joo Kim, Chulwoo Kim, Hwa Jung Kim, Sun Kyung Yoon, Se-Jin Park, WonSeok Gwak, June-Woo Lee, Byoungguk Kim, Joon Young Song
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 21.01.2024
Tilføjet 21.01.2024
Concomitant COVID-19 and influenza vaccination would be an efficient strategy. While the co-administration of monovalent COVID-19 and influenza vaccinations showed acceptable immunogenicity, it remains unknown whether the bivalent COVID-19 vaccine could intensify immune interference. We aimed to evaluate the immunogenicity and safety of concomitant BA.5-based bivalent COVID-19 and influenza vaccination.
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94
Concomitant administration of seasonal influenza and COVID-19 mRNA vaccines
Teresa AydilloMaria Balsera-ManzaneroAmaya Rojo-FernandezAlba EscaleraCelia Salamanca-RiveraJerónimo PachónMaría Del Mar Muñoz-GarcíaMaría José Sánchez-CorderoJavier Sánchez-CéspedesAdolfo García-SastreElisa Corderoa Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USAb Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, New York, USAc Viral Diseases and Infections in Immunodeficiencies Research Group, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), Virgen del Rocío University Hospital/CSIC/University of Seville, Seville, Spaind Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USAe Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Parasitology, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Sevilla, Spainf Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Seville, Spaing CIBERINFEC, CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spainh Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spaini Health Care Center Los Bermejales, Primary Care District, Andalusian Health Service, Sevillej Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USAk Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USAl Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, The Tisch Cancer Institute, New York, USA
Emerg Microbes Infect, 19.01.2024
Tilføjet 19.01.2024
95
Identification of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase inhibitor, vidofludimus, as a potent and novel inhibitor for influenza virus
Jiazhou Li, Midori Takeda, Mikiko Imahatakenaka, Masanori Ikeda
Journal of Medical Virology, 19.01.2024
Tilføjet 19.01.2024
96
Uncovering the burden of Influenza in children in Portugal, 2008–2018
BMC Infectious Diseases, 19.01.2024
Tilføjet 19.01.2024
Abstract Background Despite their higher risk of developing severe disease, little is known about the burden of influenza in Portugal in children aged
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97
Emergence of novel reassortant H3N3 avian influenza viruses with increased pathogenicity in chickens in 2023
Qiuyan MaoShuning ZhouShuo LiuCheng PengXin YinJinping LiYaxin ZhangWanting ZhouGuangyu HouWenming JiangHualei Liua China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, People’s Republic of Chinab College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of Chinac College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of Chinad College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 17.01.2024
Tilføjet 17.01.2024
98
Socioeconomic impacts of airborne and droplet-borne infectious diseases on industries: a systematic review
BMC Infectious Diseases, 16.01.2024
Tilføjet 16.01.2024
Abstract Background Recent pandemics have had far-reaching effects on the world’s largest economies and amplified the need to estimate the full extent and range of socioeconomic impacts of infectious diseases outbreaks on multi-sectoral industries. This systematic review aims to evaluate the socioeconomic impacts of airborne and droplet-borne infectious diseases outbreaks on industries. Methods A structured, systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, IDEAS/REPEC, OSHLINE, HSELINE, and NIOSHTIC-2 were reviewed. Study quality appraisal was performed using the Table of Evidence Levels from Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Joanna Briggs Institute tools, Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, and Center of Evidence Based Management case study critical appraisal checklist. Quantitative analysis was not attempted due to the heterogeneity of included studies. A qualitative synthesis of primary studies examining socioeconomic impact of airborne and droplet-borne infectious diseases outbreaks in any industry was performed and a framework based on empirical findings was conceptualized. Results A total of 55 studies conducted from 1984 to 2021 were included, reporting on 46,813,038 participants working in multiple industries across the globe. The quality of articles were good. On the whole, direct socioeconomic impacts of Coronavirus Disease 2019, influenza, influenza A (H1N1), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, tuberculosis and norovirus outbreaks include increased morbidity, mortality, and health costs. This had then led to indirect impacts including social impacts such as employment crises and reduced workforce size as well as economic impacts such as demand shock, supply chain disruptions, increased supply and production cost, service and business disruptions, and financial and Gross Domestic Product loss, attributable to productivity losses from illnesses as well as national policy responses to contain the diseases. Conclusions Evidence suggests that airborne and droplet-borne infectious diseases have inflicted severe socioeconomic costs on regional and global industries. Further research is needed to better understand their long-term socioeconomic impacts to support improved industry preparedness and response capacity for outbreaks. Public and private stakeholders at local, national, and international levels must join forces to ensure informed systems and sector-specific cost-sharing strategies for optimal global health and economic security.
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99
Socioeconomic impacts of airborne and droplet-borne infectious diseases on industries: a systematic review
BMC Infectious Diseases, 16.01.2024
Tilføjet 16.01.2024
Abstract Background Recent pandemics have had far-reaching effects on the world’s largest economies and amplified the need to estimate the full extent and range of socioeconomic impacts of infectious diseases outbreaks on multi-sectoral industries. This systematic review aims to evaluate the socioeconomic impacts of airborne and droplet-borne infectious diseases outbreaks on industries. Methods A structured, systematic review was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Databases of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, IDEAS/REPEC, OSHLINE, HSELINE, and NIOSHTIC-2 were reviewed. Study quality appraisal was performed using the Table of Evidence Levels from Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Joanna Briggs Institute tools, Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, and Center of Evidence Based Management case study critical appraisal checklist. Quantitative analysis was not attempted due to the heterogeneity of included studies. A qualitative synthesis of primary studies examining socioeconomic impact of airborne and droplet-borne infectious diseases outbreaks in any industry was performed and a framework based on empirical findings was conceptualized. Results A total of 55 studies conducted from 1984 to 2021 were included, reporting on 46,813,038 participants working in multiple industries across the globe. The quality of articles were good. On the whole, direct socioeconomic impacts of Coronavirus Disease 2019, influenza, influenza A (H1N1), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, tuberculosis and norovirus outbreaks include increased morbidity, mortality, and health costs. This had then led to indirect impacts including social impacts such as employment crises and reduced workforce size as well as economic impacts such as demand shock, supply chain disruptions, increased supply and production cost, service and business disruptions, and financial and Gross Domestic Product loss, attributable to productivity losses from illnesses as well as national policy responses to contain the diseases. Conclusions Evidence suggests that airborne and droplet-borne infectious diseases have inflicted severe socioeconomic costs on regional and global industries. Further research is needed to better understand their long-term socioeconomic impacts to support improved industry preparedness and response capacity for outbreaks. Public and private stakeholders at local, national, and international levels must join forces to ensure informed systems and sector-specific cost-sharing strategies for optimal global health and economic security.
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100
[Articles] Bacterial nasopharyngeal colonisation in children in South Africa before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: an observational study
Courtney P Olwagen, Sarah L Downs, Alane Izu, Lebohang Tharasimbi, Lara Van Der Merwe, Marta C Nunes, Shabir A Madhi
The Lancet Microbe, 16.01.2024
Tilføjet 16.01.2024
There were variable effects on the colonisation prevalence and density of bacterial organisms during the COVID-19 compared with the pre-COVID-19 period. The lower prevalence of PCV13 serotype together with other respiratory organisms including non-typeable H influenzae and M catarrhalis could have in part contributed to a decrease in all-cause lower respiratory tract infections observed in South Africa during the initial stage of the COVID-19 pandemic. The pathophysiological mechanism for the increase in A baumannii and S aureus colonisation warrants further investigation, as does the clinical relevance of these findings.
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