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Søgeord (ivermectin) valgt.
88 emner vises.
Kunlakanya Jitobaom, Paleerath Peerapen, Usa Boonyuen, Ittipat Meewan, Chompunuch Boonarkart, Thanyaporn Sirihongthong, Songkran Thongon, Visith Thongboonkerd, Prasert Auewarakul
Journal of Medical Virology, 22.03.2024
Tilføjet 22.03.2024
Malaria Journal, 23.02.2024
Tilføjet 23.02.2024
Abstract Background Mass Drug Administration (MDA) has become a mainstay for the control of several diseases over the last two decades. Successful implementation of MDA programmes requires community participation and can be threatened by systematic non-participation. Such concerns are particularly pertinent for MDA programmes against malaria, as they require multi-day treatment over several consecutive months. Factors associated with non-participation to the MDA campaign with ivermectin (IVM) and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHP) implemented within the MASSIV cluster randomized trial were determined. Methods Coverage data was extracted from the MASSIV trial study database, with every datapoint being a directly observed therapy (DOT). A complete month of MDA was classified as receiving all three daily doses of treatment. For both ivermectin and DHP, ordinal logistic regression was used to identify individual and household level variables associated with non-participation. Results For ivermectin, 51.5% of eligible participants received all 3 months of treatment while 30.7% received either one or two complete months. For DHP, 56.7% of eligible participants received all 3 months of treatment and 30.5% received either one or two complete months. Children aged 5–15 years and adults aged more than 50 years were more likely to receive at least one complete month of MDA than working age adults, both for ivermectin (aOR 4.3, 95% CI 3.51–5.28 and aOR of 2.26, 95% CI 1.75–2.95) and DHP (aOR 2.47, 95%CI 2.02–3.02 and aOR 1.33, 95%CI 1.01–1.35), respectively. Members of households where the head received a complete month of MDA were more likely to themselves have received a complete month of MDA, both for ivermectin (aOR 1.71, 95%CI 1.35–2.14) and for DHP (aOR 1.64, 95%CI 1.33–2.04). Conclusion Personal and household-level variables were associated with participation in the MDA programme for malaria control. Specific strategies to (increase participation amongst some groups may be important to ensure maximum impact of MDA strategies in achieving malaria elimination. Trial registration: The MASSIV trial is registered under NCT03576313.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedHaruka Shida, Maki Komamine, Kazuhiro Kajiyama, Takashi Waki, Hotaka Maruyama, Yoshiaki Uyama
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 27.01.2024
Tilføjet 27.01.2024
by Haruka Shida, Maki Komamine, Kazuhiro Kajiyama, Takashi Waki, Hotaka Maruyama, Yoshiaki Uyama Objective Prescription trends and patterns of anti-COVID-19 drugs in hospitalized patients were examined based on real world data to understand the use of anti-COVID-19 drugs in clinical practice in Japan. Design The longitudinal and cross-sectional study was conducted utilizing data from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021 of the MID-NET® medical information database, which stored the electronic medical records, administrative claim data, and diagnosis procedure combination data of patients in Japan. Participants Hospitalized patients with a COVID-19-related diagnosis who received at least one anti-COVID-19 drug between April 1, 2020 and December 31, 2021. Exposures The following 14 drugs were included in this study: remdesivir, baricitinib, combination product of casirivimab and imdevimab, favipiravir, dexamethasone, ivermectin, azithromycin, nafamostat mesylate, camostat mesylate, ciclesonide, tocilizumab, sarilumab, combination product of lopinavir and ritonavir, and hydroxychloroquine. Results We identified 5,717 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and prescribed at least one anti-COVID-19 drug. The entire cohort generally included patients over 41–50 years and more males. The most common prescription pattern was dexamethasone monotherapy (22.9%), followed by the concomitant use of remdesivir and dexamethasone (15.0%), azithromycin monotherapy (15.0%), remdesivir monotherapy (10.2%), and nafamostat mesylate monotherapy (8.5%). However, an often prescribed anti-COVID-19 drug differed depending on the period. Conclusions and relevance This study revealed the real-world situation of anti-COVID-19 drug prescriptions in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Japan. A prescribed drug would depend on the latest scientific evidence, such as efficacy, safety, and approval status, at the time of prescription. Understanding the prescription of anti-COVID-19 drugs will be important for providing the most up-to-date treatments to patients and evaluating the benefit and/or risk of anti-COVID-19 drugs based on the utilization of an electronic medical record database.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMalaria Journal, 18.01.2024
Tilføjet 18.01.2024
Abstract Background Asymptomatic malaria transmission has become a public health concern across malaria-endemic Africa including Ethiopia. Specifically, Plasmodium vivax is more efficient at transmitting earlier in the infection and at lower densities than Plasmodium falciparum. Consequently, a greater proportion of individuals infected with P. vivax can transmit without detectable gametocytaemia. Mass treatment of livestock with macrocyclic lactones (MLs), e.g., ivermectin and doramectin, was suggested as a complementary malaria vector tool because of their insecticidal effects. However, the effects of MLs on P. vivax in Anopheles arabiensis has not yet been fully explored. Hence, comparative in-vitro susceptibility and ex-vivo studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of ivermectin, doramectin and moxidectin sub-lethal concentrations on P. vivax oocyst development in An. arabiensis. Methods The 7-day sub-lethal concentrations of 25% (LC25) and 5% (LC5) were determined from in-vitro susceptibility tests on female An. arabiensis in Hemotek® membrane feeding assay. Next, an ex-vivo study was conducted using P. vivax gametocytes infected patient’s blood spiked with the LC25 and LC5 of the MLs. At 7-days post-feeding, each mosquito was dissected under a dissection stereo microscope, stained with 0.5% (w/v) mercurochrome solution, and examined for the presence of P. vivax oocysts. Statistical analysis was based on a generalized mixed model with binomially distributed error terms. Results A 7-day lethal concentration of 25% (LC25, in ng/mL) of 7.1 (95% CI: [6.3;8.0]), 20.0 (95%CI:[17.8;22.5]) and 794.3 (95%CI:[716.4;1516.3]) were obtained for ivermectin, doramectin and moxidectin, respectively. Similarly, a lethal concentration of 5% (LC5, in ng/mL) of 0.6 (95% CI: [0.5;0.7]), 1.8 (95% CI:[1.6;2.0]) and 53.7 (95% CI:[ 48.4;102.5]) were obtained respectively for ivermectin, doramectin and moxidectin. The oocyst prevalence in treatment and control groups did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) from each other. Therefore, no direct effect of ML endectocides on P. vivax infection in An. arabiensis mosquitoes was observed at the sub-lethal concentration (LC25 and LC5). Conclusions The effects of ivermectin and doramectin on malaria parasite is more likely via indirect effects, particularly by reducing the vectors lifespan and causing mortality before completing the parasite’s sporogony cycle or reducing their vector capacity as it affects the locomotor activity of the mosquito.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJosé R. Verdú, Vieyle Cortez, Rocío Rosa-García, Antonio J. Ortiz, Urcesino García-Prieto, Jean-Pierre Lumaret, Carmelo García Romero, Francisco Sánchez-Piñero
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 21.12.2023
Tilføjet 21.12.2023
by José R. Verdú, Vieyle Cortez, Rocío Rosa-García, Antonio J. Ortiz, Urcesino García-Prieto, Jean-Pierre Lumaret, Carmelo García Romero, Francisco Sánchez-Piñero The sustainability of the traditional extensive livestock sector will only be possible if healthy dung-decomposing insect communities are preserved. However, many current pharmaceutical anthelmintics are harmful to dung beetles, their presence can have a negative impact on biological systems. Phytochemical anthelmintics are an alternative to ecotoxic synthetic pharmaceutical anthelmintics, although ecotoxicological tests of their possible indirect effects on dung beetles are required to demonstrate their viability. In this study, the potential ecotoxicity of thymol, carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde and garlic oil (diallyl disulfide and diallyl trisulfide) were tested for the first time. Inhibition of antennal response was measured as a relevant parameter by obtaining relevant toxicity thresholds derived from concentration‒response curves, such as the IC50. All phytochemical compounds tested were demonstrated to be suitable alternative candidates to the highly ecotoxic compound ivermectin, considering their non-toxicity to nontarget organisms. Residues of the phytochemical antiparasitics found in cattle droppings were extremely low, even undetectable in the case of diallyl disulfide and diallyl trisulfide. Furthermore, our results showed that none of the phytochemical compounds have ecotoxic effects, even at extremely high concentrations, including those almost 1000 times higher than what is most likely to be found in dung susceptible to ingestion by dung beetles in the field. We can conclude that the four selected phytochemical compounds meet the requirements to be considered reliable alternatives to ecotoxic veterinary medicinal products, such as ivermectin.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 18.11.2023
Tilføjet 18.11.2023
Abstract Background The World Health Organization has proposed that onchocerciasis elimination (interruption) of transmission be verified in 12 (approximately a third) endemic countries by 2030. The strategy to reach this goal is based on ivermectin Mass Drug Administration (MDA) with high geographical and therapeutic coverage. In addition to coverage, high levels of treatment adherence are paramount. We investigated factors associated with ivermectin intake in an area of Ghana with persistent Onchocerca volvulus infection. Methods In August 2021, a cross-sectional mixed-methods study was conducted in 13 onchocerciasis-endemic communities in the Bono Region of Ghana. Individuals aged ≥ 10 years were invited to participate in a questionnaire survey. A total of 48 focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with 10 community drug distributors and 13 community leaders were conducted. Results A total of 510 people participated in the study [median age: 32, interquartile range 30 (20‒50) years]; 274 (53.7%) were females. Of the total, 320 (62.7%) declared that they adhered to each treatment round and 190 (37.3%) admitted they had not taken ivermectin during at least one MDA round, since becoming eligible for treatment. Of 483 participants with complete information, 139 (28.8%) did not take ivermectin during the last round (March 2021), and 24 (5.0%) had never taken ivermectin (systematic non-adherers). Reasons for not taking ivermectin included previous experience/fear of side-effects, being absent during MDA, pregnancy, the desire to drink alcohol, and drug distribution challenges. Being male, having good knowledge and perception of the disease, and not having secondary or higher level of formal education were significantly associated with higher odds of ivermectin intake. Conclusions A relatively high level of non-adherence to ivermectin treatment was documented. There is a need for targeted educational and behavioural change campaigns to reverse these trends and ensure a steady course toward meeting onchocerciasis elimination targets in Ghana.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedViviane P Sprecher, Daniela Hofmann, Vanthanom Savathdy, Phengsavanh Xayavong, Chomseng Norkhankhame, Rekol Huy, Virak Khieu, Somphou Sayasone, Jan Hattendorf, Jennifer Keiser
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 8.11.2023
Tilføjet 8.11.2023
Moxidectin was non-inferior to ivermectin in terms of efficacy in the treatment of strongyloidiasis. Additionally, both drugs had a similar safety profile. The fixed dose and lower cost of moxidectin compared with ivermectin make it a valuable alternative for people with strongyloidiasis.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedKenneth Bentum Otabil, María‐Gloria Basáñez, Blessing Ankrah, Stephen Agyemang Opoku, Dennis Ofori Kyei, Rhoda Hagan, Richmond Ababio, Emmanuel John Bart‐Plange, Theophilus Nti Babae, Prince‐Charles Kudzordzi, Vera Achiaa Darko, Joseph G. Bamfo, Joseph Ameyaw, Abdul Sakibu Raji, Amber Hadermann, Henk D. F. H. Schallig, Robert Colebunders
Tropical Medicine & International Health, 18.10.2023
Tilføjet 18.10.2023
Malaria Journal, 30.09.2023
Tilføjet 30.09.2023
Abstract Background Ivermectin (IVM) mass drug administration is a candidate complementary malaria vector control tool. Ingestion of blood from IVM treated hosts results in reduced survival in mosquitoes. Estimating bio-efficacy of IVM on wild-caught mosquitoes requires they ingest the drug in a blood meal either through a membrane or direct feeding on a treated host. The latter, has ethical implications, and the former results in low feeding rates. Therefore, there is a need to develop a safe and effective method for IVM bio-efficacy monitoring in wild mosquitoes. Methods Insectary-reared Anopheles gambiae s.s. were exposed to four IVM doses: 85, 64, 43, 21 ng/ml, and control group (0 ng/ml) in three different solutions: (i) blood, (ii) 10% glucose, (iii) four ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 1:8) of blood in 10% glucose, and fed through filter paper. Wild-caught An. gambiae s.l. were exposed to 85, 43 and 21 ng/ml IVM in blood and 1:4 ratio of blood-10% glucose mixture. Survival was monitored for 28 days and a pool of mosquitoes from each cohort sacrificed immediately after feeding and weighed to determine mean weight of each meal type. Results When administered in glucose solution, mosquitocidal effect of IVM was not comparable to the observed effects when similar concentrations were administered in blood. Equal concentrations of IVM administered in blood resulted in pronounced reductions in mosquito survival compared to glucose solution only. However, by adding small amounts of blood to glucose solution, mosquito mortality rates increased resulting in similar effects to what was observed during blood feeding. Conclusion Bio-efficacy of ivermectin is strongly dependent on mode of drug delivery to the mosquito and likely influenced by digestive processes. The assay developed in this study is a good candidate for field-based bio-efficacy monitoring: wild mosquitoes readily feed on the solution, the assay can be standardized using pre-selected concentrations and by not involving treated blood hosts (human or animal) variation in individual pharmacokinetic profiles as well as ethical issues are bypassed. Meal volumes did not explain the difference in the lethality of IVM across the different meal types necessitating further research on the underlying mechanisms.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAmerican Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 6.09.2023
Tilføjet 6.09.2023
Journal Name: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Volume: 109 Issue: 3 Pages: 650-655
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of the American Medical Association, 16.08.2023
Tilføjet 16.08.2023
In the Original Investigation titled “Effect of Ivermectin vs Placebo on Time to Sustained Recovery in Outpatients With Mild to Moderate COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial,” published in the October 25, 2022, issue of JAMA, a nonauthor collaborator’s surname was incorrectly listed. The full name should have been listed as Upinder Singh. This article was corrected online.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedHutchins, H., Bradley, J., Pretorius, E., Teixeira da Silva, E., Vasileva, H., Jones, R. T., Ndiath, M. O., dit Massire Soumare, H., Mabey, D., Nante, E. J., Martins, C., Logan, J. G., Slater, H., Drakeley, C., D'Alessandro, U., Rodrigues, A., Last, A. R.
BMJ Open, 7.07.2023
Tilføjet 7.07.2023
IntroductionAs malaria declines, innovative tools are required to further reduce transmission and achieve elimination. Mass drug administration (MDA) of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is capable of reducing malaria transmission where coverage of control interventions is already high, though the impact is short-lived. Combining ACT with ivermectin, an oral endectocide shown to reduce vector survival, may increase its impact, while also treating ivermectin-sensitive co-endemic diseases and minimising the potential impact of ACT resistance in this context. Methods and analysisMATAMAL is a cluster-randomised placebo-controlled trial. The trial is being conducted in 24 clusters on the Bijagós Archipelago, Guinea-Bissau, where the peak prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) parasitaemia is approximately 15%. Clusters have been randomly allocated to receive MDA with dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine and either ivermectin or placebo. The primary objective is to determine whether the addition of ivermectin MDA is more effective than dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine MDA alone in reducing the prevalence of P. falciparum parasitaemia, measured during peak transmission season after 2 years of seasonal MDA. Secondary objectives include assessing prevalence after 1 year of MDA; malaria incidence monitored through active and passive surveillance; age-adjusted prevalence of serological markers indicating exposure to P. falciparum and anopheline mosquitoes; vector parous rates, species composition, population density and sporozoite rates; prevalence of vector pyrethroid resistance; prevalence of artemisinin resistance in P. falciparum using genomic markers; ivermectin’s impact on co-endemic diseases; coverage estimates; and the safety of combined MDA. Ethics and disseminationThe trial has been approved by the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine’s Ethics Committee (UK) (19156) and the Comite Nacional de Eticas de Saude (Guinea-Bissau) (084/CNES/INASA/2020). Results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications and in discussion with the Bissau-Guinean Ministry of Public Health and participating communities. Trial registration numberNCT04844905.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedClinical Infectious Diseases, 27.06.2023
Tilføjet 27.06.2023
AbstractBackgroundThe currently recommended benzimidazole monotherapy is insufficiently effective to control infection with the soil-transmitted helminth Trichuris trichiura. Ivermectin-albendazole combination has shown promising, but setting-dependent efficacy, with therapeutic underperformance in Côte d’Ivoire. We evaluated whether moxidectin-albendazole could serve as alternative to albendazole monotherapy in Côte d’Ivoire.MethodsIn this community-based randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group superiority trial, 12-60 year-olds were screened for T. trichiura eggs in their stool using quadruplicate Kato-Katz thick smears. Diagnostically and clinically eligible participants were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to receive single oral doses of moxidectin (8 mg) and albendazole (400 mg), ivermectin (200 µg/kg) and albendazole (400 mg), or albendazole (400 mg) and placebo. The primary outcome was proportion cured, i.e. cure rate (CR), assessed at 2-3 weeks post-treatment. Safety endpoints were assessed pre-treatment, and at three and 24 hours post-treatment.ResultsFor the 210 participants with primary outcome data, we observed CRs of 15.3% (11/72) in the moxidectin-albendazole and 22.5% (16/71) in the ivermectin-albendazole arm, which did not differ significantly from the CR of 13.4% (9/67) in the albendazole arm (differences: 1.8%-points [95% confidence interval: -10.1 to 13.6]; 9.1%-points [-3.9 to 21.8], respectively). Most common adverse events were abdominal pain (range across arms: 11.9-20.9%), headache (4.7-14.3%), and itching (5.8-13.1%), which were predominantly mild and transient.ConclusionsAll therapies showed similar low efficacy in treating trichuriasis in Côte d’Ivoire. Alternative treatment options need to be evaluated and further analyses conducted to understand the lack of enhanced activity of the combination therapies in Côte d’Ivoire.Clinical Trials RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04726969).
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMalaria Journal, 25.06.2023
Tilføjet 25.06.2023
Abstract Background Ivermectin (22,23-dihydroavermectin B1a: H2B1a) is an endectocide used to treat worm infections and ectoparasites including lice and scabies mites. Furthermore, survival of malaria transmitting Anopheles mosquitoes is strongly decreased after feeding on humans recently treated with ivermectin. Currently, mass drug administration of ivermectin is under investigation as a potential novel malaria vector control tool to reduce Plasmodium transmission by mosquitoes. A “post-ivermectin effect” has also been reported, in which the survival of mosquitoes remains reduced even after ivermectin is no longer detectable in blood meals. In the present study, existing material from human clinical trials was analysed to understand the pharmacokinetics of ivermectin metabolites and feeding experiments were performed in Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes to assess whether ivermectin metabolites contribute to the mosquitocidal action of ivermectin and whether they may be responsible for the post-ivermectin effect. Methods Ivermectin was incubated in the presence of recombinant human cytochrome P450 3A4/5 (CYP 3A4/5) to produce ivermectin metabolites. In total, nine metabolites were purified by semi-preparative high-pressure liquid chromatography. The pharmacokinetics of the metabolites were assessed over three days in twelve healthy volunteers who received a single oral dose of 12 mg ivermectin. Blank whole blood was spiked with the isolated metabolites at levels matching the maximal blood concentration (Cmax) observed in pharmacokinetics study samples. These samples were fed to An. stephensi mosquitoes, and their survival and vitality was recorded daily over 3 days. Results Human CYP3A4 metabolised ivermectin more rapidly than CYP3A5. Ivermectin metabolites M1–M8 were predominantly formed by CYP3A4, whereas metabolite M9 (hydroxy-H2B1a) was mainly produced by CYP3A5. Both desmethyl-H2B1a (M1) and hydroxy-H2B1a (M2) killed all mosquitoes within three days post-feeding, while administration of desmethyl, hydroxy-H2B1a (M4) reduced survival to 35% over an observation period of 3 days. Ivermectin metabolites that underwent deglycosylation or hydroxylation at spiroketal moiety were not active against An. stephensi at Cmax levels. Interestingly, half-lives of M1 (54.2 ± 4.7 h) and M4 (57.5 ± 13.2 h) were considerably longer than that of the parent compound ivermectin (38.9 ± 20.8 h). Conclusion In conclusion, the ivermectin metabolites M1 and M2 contribute to the activity of ivermectin against An. stephensi mosquitoes and could be responsible for the “post-ivermectin effect”.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAchaporn Yipsirimetee, Phornpimon Tipthara, Borimas Hanboonkunupakarn, Rupam Tripura, Dysoley Lek, Krittikorn Kümpornsin, Marcus C. S. Lee, Jetsumon Sattabongkot, Arjen M. Dondorp, Nicholas J. White, Kevin C. Kobylinski, Joel Tarning, Kesinee ChotivanichaDepartment of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandbMahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandcCentre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United KingdomdNational Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control, Phnom Penh, CambodiaeWellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, United KingdomfCalibr, Division of the Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USAgMahidol Vivax Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, ThailandhDepartment of Entomology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 21.06.2023
Tilføjet 21.06.2023
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 7.06.2023
Tilføjet 7.06.2023
Journal Name: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Volume: 108 Issue: 6 Pages: 1183-1187
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMalaria Journal, 5.06.2023
Tilføjet 5.06.2023
Abstract Background Many geographical areas of sub-Saharan Africa, especially in rural settings, lack complete and up-to-date demographic data, posing a challenge for implementation and evaluation of public health interventions and carrying out large-scale health research. A demographic survey was completed in Mopeia district, located in the Zambezia province in Mozambique, to inform the Broad One Health Endectocide-based Malaria Intervention in Africa (BOHEMIA) cluster randomized clinical trial, which tested ivermectin mass drug administration to humans and/or livestock as a potential novel strategy to decrease malaria transmission. Methods The demographic survey was a prospective descriptive study, which collected data of all the households in the district that accepted to participate. Households were mapped through geolocation and identified with a unique identification number. Basic demographic data of the household members was collected and each person received a permanent identification number for the study. Results 25,550 households were mapped and underwent the demographic survey, and 131,818 individuals were registered in the district. The average household size was 5 members and 76.9% of households identified a male household head. Housing conditions are often substandard with low access to improved water systems and electricity. The reported coverage of malaria interventions was 71.1% for indoor residual spraying and 54.1% for universal coverage of long-lasting insecticidal nets. The median age of the population was 15 years old. There were 910 deaths in the previous 12 months reported, and 43.9% were of children less than 5 years of age. Conclusions The study showed that the district had good coverage of vector control tools against malaria but sub-optimal living conditions and poor access to basic services. The majority of households are led by males and Mopeia Sede/Cuacua is the most populated locality in the district. The population of Mopeia is young (
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedFaruk Dube, Andrea Hinas, Nicolas Delhomme, Magnus Åbrink, Staffan Svärd, Eva Tydén
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 4.05.2023
Tilføjet 4.05.2023
by Faruk Dube, Andrea Hinas, Nicolas Delhomme, Magnus Åbrink, Staffan Svärd, Eva Tydén Parasitic nematodes pose a significant threat to human and animal health, as well as cause economic losses in the agricultural sector. The use of anthelmintic drugs, such as Ivermectin (IVM), to control these parasites has led to widespread drug resistance. Identifying genetic markers of resistance in parasitic nematodes can be challenging, but the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans provides a suitable model. In this study, we aimed to analyze the transcriptomes of adult C. elegans worms of the N2 strain exposed to the anthelmintic drug Ivermectin (IVM), and compare them to those of the resistant strain DA1316 and the recently identified Abamectin Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) on chromosome V. We exposed pools of 300 adult N2 worms to IVM (10−7 and 10−8 M) for 4 hours at 20°C, extracted total RNA and sequenced it on the Illumina NovaSeq6000 platform. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined using an in-house pipeline. The DEGs were compared to genes from a previous microarray study on IVM-resistant C. elegans and Abamectin-QTL. Our results revealed 615 DEGs (183 up-regulated and 432 down-regulated genes) from diverse gene families in the N2 C. elegans strain. Of these DEGs, 31 overlapped with genes from IVM-exposed adult worms of the DA1316 strain. We identified 19 genes, including the folate transporter (folt-2) and the transmembrane transporter (T22F3.11), which exhibited an opposite expression in N2 and the DA1316 strain and were deemed potential candidates. Additionally, we compiled a list of potential candidates for further research including T-type calcium channel (cca-1), potassium chloride cotransporter (kcc-2), as well as other genes such as glutamate-gated channel (glc-1) that mapped to the Abamectin-QTL.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of the American Medical Association, 22.03.2023
Tilføjet 22.03.2023
A Cochrane meta-analysis of 11 eligible trials examining the efficacy of ivermectin for the treatment of COVID-19 published through April 2022 concluded that ivermectin has no beneficial effect for people with COVID-19. Since May 2022, an additional 3 large randomized clinical trials including several thousand participants have been published, each reaching a similar conclusion.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of the American Medical Association, 22.03.2023
Tilføjet 22.03.2023
This platform randomized clinical trial examines the effectiveness of ivermectin at a targeted dose of 600 μg/kg daily compared with placebo for the treatment of early mild to moderate COVID-19.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedTrends in Parasitology, 17.02.2023
Tilføjet 18.02.2023
Ivermectin and moxidectin, two macrocyclic lactones (MLs), are exceptionally effective antiparasitic agents characterized by a broad spectrum of activity and a wide safety margin. Both drugs were initially developed for use in veterinary medicine for treatment of parasites in livestock and companion animals [1,2]. The first ivermectin formulation for humans was registered by Merck Laboratories in 1987 against onchocerciasis, got officially approved for its use against onchocerciasis and strongyloidiasis in 1996 by the US Federal Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and has since been used and distributed also as an off-label anthelmintic (see Glossary) drug against additional indications [e.g., lymphatic filariasis (LF)] to hundreds of millions of people each year.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of Medical Virology, 19.01.2023
Tilføjet 21.01.2023
American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 12.01.2023
Tilføjet 12.01.2023
Journal Name: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Volume: 108 Issue: 1 Pages: 37-40
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMalaria Journal, 11.01.2023
Tilføjet 11.01.2023
Abstract Background Innovative vector control tools are needed to counteract insecticide resistance and residual malaria transmission. One of such innovative methods is an ivermectin (IVM) treatment to reduce vector survival. In this study, a laboratory experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of ivermectin on survivorship, fertility and egg hatchability rate of Anopheles arabiensis in Ethiopia. Methods An in vitro experiment was conducted using 3–5 days old An. arabiensis adults from a colony maintained at insectary of Tropical and Infectious Diseases Research Center, Jimma University (laboratory population) and Anopheles mosquitoes reared from larvae collected from natural mosquito breeding sites (wild population). The mosquitoes were allowed to feed on cattle blood treated with different doses of ivermectin (0 ng/ml, 5 ng/ml, 10 ng/ml, 20 ng/ml, 40 ng/ml and 80 ng/ml). During each feeding experiment, the mosquitoes were held in cages and blood-fed using a Hemotek feeder. Mortality and egg production were then recorded daily for up to 9 days. Time to death was analysed by a Cox frailty model with replicate as frailty term and source of mosquito (wild versus laboratory), treatment type (ivermectin vs control) and their interaction as categorical fixed effects. Kaplan Meier curves were plotted separately for wild and laboratory populations for a visual interpretation of mosquito survival as a function of treatment. Results Both mosquito source and treatment had a significant effect on survival (P < 0.001), but their interaction was not significant (P = 0.197). Compared to the controls, the death hazard of An. arabiensis that fed on ivermectin-treated blood was 2.3, 3.5, 6.5, 11.5 and 17.9 times that of the control for the 5 ng/ml, 10 ng/ml, 20 ng/ml, 40 ng/ml, and 80 ng/ml dose, respectively. With respect to the number of hatched larvae, hatched pupae and emerged adults per fed mosquitoes, a significant difference was found between the control and the 5 ng/ml dose group (P < 0.001). The number of hatched larvae and pupae, and emerged adults decreased further for the 10 ng/ml dose group and falls to zero for the higher doses. Conclusion Treating cattle blood with ivermectin reduced mosquito survival, fertility, egg hatchability, larval development and adult emergence of An. arabiensis in all tested concentrations of ivermectin in both the wild and laboratory populations. Thus, ivermectin application in cattle could be used as a supplementary vector control method to tackle residual malaria transmission and ultimately achieve malaria elimination in Ethiopia.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of the American Medical Association, 11.01.2023
Tilføjet 11.01.2023
In the Original Investigation titled “Effect of Ivermectin vs Placebo on Time to Sustained Recovery in Outpatients With Mild to Moderate COVID-19: A Randomized Clinical Trial,” published in the October 25, 2022, issue of JAMA, the number of participating sites was incorrect in the Abstract and Methods section (93 has been changed to 91). Additionally, a grant number was fixed in the Funding/Support section, as well as an investigator name and eFigure 3 in Supplement 3. This article was corrected online.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedNew England Journal of Medicine, 14.12.2022
Tilføjet 15.12.2022
New England Journal of Medicine, 14.12.2022
Tilføjet 15.12.2022
BMC Infectious Diseases, 9.12.2022
Tilføjet 9.12.2022
Abstract Background Despite the development and application of vaccines against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) around the world, the scientific community is still trying to find some therapies to avoid or ameliorate the fatal evolution of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since the publication of the potential use of ivermectin as a treatment against the disease, a pleiad of information about it has been published. However, the evidence is not strong or weak enough to conclude its usefulness in the clinical evolution of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. We evaluate the efficacy and safety of ivermectin in the treatment of Mexican patients with asymptomatic and mild COVID-19 in a three-day administration in comparison to placebo. Methods A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was carried out in 66 adults with asymptomatic and mild COVID-19. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 ratio to ivermectin plus acetaminophen or placebo plus acetaminophen. The primary endpoint was the proportion of subjects without a disease progression to severity according to COVID-19 guidelines by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) since randomization to 14 days. Results None of the participants presented progression to a severe state in either group. Viral load was measured on Days 1, 5, and 14. No significant differences were observed in baseline or 14-day between groups (p = 0.720 and 0.362, respectively). However, on Day 5, a significant difference in viral load was observed between groups (p = 0.039). The frequency of symptoms was similar between groups, and no significant differences were observed. The most frequent symptom was cough. One severe adverse event associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection was observed in the ivermectin group. Conclusions At standard doses, ivermectin is not effective to prevent progression to a severe state or reducing symptoms in adults with asymptomatic and mild COVID-19. Trial registration The study was registered with ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT04407507) on May 29, 2020.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 24.11.2022
Tilføjet 24.11.2022
Abstract Background Eosinophilia is defined as a blood eosinophil count > 500/mcL with etiology usually an allergic reaction or parasitic infection which can lead to serious organ damage. Case presentation A patient being treated for hardware infection develops eosinophilia while on daptomycin in the setting of a positive strongyloides antibody. The patient was on chronic steroids prior to admission for epitheliopathy which complicated care. The daptomycin was discontinued, ivermectin initiated to treat strongyloidiasis, and high dose steroids initiated simultaneously. Eosinophilia resolved and patient discharged home after two months in the hospital. Conclusion Multifactorial eosinophilia poses question of steroid harm in the setting of parasitic infection. Patient was treated for both strongyloides and daptomycin induced eosinophilia with improvement and discharge from the hospital.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 11.11.2022
Tilføjet 11.11.2022
Abstract Background Onchocerciasis is endemic in most local government areas (LGAs) in Enugu and Ogun states. Most meso- and hyper-endemic LGAs have received many rounds of ivermectin mass drug administration (MDA). This study aimed to determine the current prevalence of onchocerciasis in villages in Enugu and Ogun states that were formerly highly endemic and to assess progress toward elimination of the infection in areas believed to be at high risk for persistence. Methods Cross-sectional community surveys were conducted 8 to 12 months after the last round of MDA in 16 villages (6 in Enugu state and 10 in Ogun state) in individuals aged ≥ 18 years. Study participants were examined for the presence of palpable subcutaneous nodules. Skin snips from the posterior iliac crests were used to assess microfiladermia (Mf) prevalence and density. Results 643 subjects were palpated for nodules and 627 individuals (225 in Enugu state; 402 in Ogun state) provided skin snips. Nodule prevalence in the study villages ranged from 42 to 66.7% in Enugu state and from 0 to 25.0% in Ogun state. Mf prevalence in the Enugu and Ogun study villages ranged from 32 to 51.1% and 0 to 28.6%, respectively. Geometric mean skin Mf density in surveyed Enugu state villages ranged between 1 and 3.1 Mf/mg; these values were < 1 Mf/mg in all but one community in Ogun state villages. Conclusion Results from this study show that onchocerciasis persists in adults in many villages in Enugu and Ogun states despite many prior rounds of ivermectin MDA. Prevalence was higher in villages surveyed in Enugu than in Ogun. Low Mf densities suggest the MDA program is working well to reduce disease, but more time will be required to reach the elimination goal.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedChristian Kositz, Mariama Drammeh, Hristina Vasileva, Joanna Houghton, James Ashall, Prof Umberto D'Alessandro, Michael Marks, John Bradley
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 3.11.2022
Tilføjet 3.11.2022
Ivermectin, used to control several neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), may also reduce malaria transmission. Mass drug administration (MDA) for malaria control therefore might have off-target impacts on NTDs.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedDora Buonfrate
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 29.10.2022
Tilføjet 29.10.2022
Mass drug administration is one of the main pillars of the WHO strategy for elimination and control of some neglected tropical diseases affecting millions of people.1 More than two decades have passed since the introduction of mass drug administration programmes coordinated by the WHO and numerous doses of albendazole and ivermectin, alone or in combination (depending on the target neglected tropical disease), have been administered in endemic areas.1 Consequently, concerns about the possible emergence of drug resistance have been raised and evaluation of alternative treatment options is of paramount importance.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedSophie Welsche, Emmanuel C Mrimi, Jan Hattendorf, Eveline Hürlimann, Said M Ali, Jennifer Keiser
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 29.10.2022
Tilføjet 29.10.2022
Our findings show inferiority of moxidectin and albendazole to ivermectin and albendazole against T trichiura. However, given the high efficacy, moxidectin coadministration might complement treatment progammes, particularly in areas in which ivermectin is not available
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of the American Medical Association, 25.10.2022
Tilføjet 25.10.2022
This randomized clinical trial compares the efficacy of ivermectin vs placebo in shortening symptom duration among adult outpatients in the US with symptomatic mild to moderate COVID-19.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of the American Medical Association, 27.09.2022
Tilføjet 27.09.2022
A trial that evaluated 3 existing generic medications—metformin, ivermectin, and fluvoxamine—for early outpatient treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection among adults with overweight and obesity did not prevent progression to severe COVID-19.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedApodaca Michel, B., Navarro, M., Pritsch, M., Du Plessis, J. D., Shock, J., Schwienhorst-Stich, E.-M., Zirkel, J., Schrader, H., Saavedra Irala, C., Rubilar, G., Gunesch, C., Kasang, C., Zoller, T., Gagyor, I., Parisi, S.
BMJ Open, 17.09.2022
Tilføjet 17.09.2022
Objectives
Veterinary ivermectin (vet-IVM) has been used widely in Latin America against COVID-19, despite the lack of scientific evidence and potential risks. Widespread vet-IVM intake was also discovered against Chagas disease during a study in Bolivia prior to the pandemic. All vet-IVM-related data were extracted to understand this phenomenon, its extent and underlying factors and to discuss potential implications for the current pandemic.
Design
A convergent mixed-methods study design including a survey, qualitative in-depth interviews (IDI) and focus group discussions (FGD).
Setting
A cross-sectional study conducted in 2018 covering the geographic area of Monteagudo, an endemic municipality for Chagas disease.
Participants
A total of 669 adult household representatives from 26 communities participated in the survey, supplemented by 14 IDI and 2 FGD among patients, relatives and key informants.
Results
9 IDI and 2 FGD contained narratives on vet-IVM use against Chagas disease. Five main themes emerged: (1) the extent of the vet-IVM phenomenon, (2) the perception of vet-IVM as a treatment for Chagas disease, (3) the vet-IVM market and the controversial role of stakeholders, (4) concerns about potential adverse events and (5) underlying factors of vet-IVM use against Chagas disease.
In quantitative analysis, 28% of participants seropositive for Chagas disease had taken vet-IVM. Factors associated with multivariate analysis were advanced age (OR 17.01, 95 CI 1.24 to 36.55, p=0.027 for age above 60 years), the experience of someone close as information source (OR 3.13, 95 CI 1.62 to 5.02, p<0.001), seropositivity for Chagas disease (OR 3.89, 95 CI 1.39 to 6.20, p=0.005) and citing the unavailability of benznidazole as perceived healthcare barrier (OR 2.3, 95 CI 1.45 to 5.18, p=0.002). Participants with an academic education were less likely to report vet-IVM intake (OR 0.12, 95 CI 0.01 to 0.78, p=0.029).
Conclusions
Social determinants of health, the unavailability of treatment and a wonder drug image might contribute to the phenomenon of vet-IVM.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMed
Carolyn T. Bramante, Jared D. Huling, Christopher J. Tignanelli, John B. Buse, David M. Liebovitz, Jacinda M. Nicklas, Kenneth Cohen, Michael A. Puskarich, Hrishikesh K. Belani, Jennifer L. Proper, Lianne K. Siegel, Nichole R. Klatt, David J. Odde, Darlette G. Luke, Blake Anderson, Amy B. Karger, Nicholas E. Ingraham, Katrina M. Hartman, Via Rao, Aubrey A. Hagen, Barkha Patel, Sarah L. Fenno, Nandini Avula, Neha V. Reddy, Spencer M. Erickson, Sarah Lindberg, Regina Fricton, Samuel Lee, Adnin Zaman, Hanna G. Saveraid, Walker J. Tordsen, Matthew F. Pullen, Michelle Biros, Nancy E. Sherwood, Jennifer L. Thompson, David R. Boulware, Thomas A. Murray
New England Journal of Medicine, 17.08.2022
Tilføjet 18.08.2022
New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 387, Issue 7, Page 599-610, August 2022.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 23.07.2022
Tilføjet 23.07.2022
Abstract
Background
The role of ivermectin in the treatment of COVID-19 is still under debate, yet the drug has been widely used in some parts of the world, as shown by impressive market data. The available body of evidence may have changed over the last months, as studies have been retracted and “standards of care” (SOC) used in control groups have changed with rapidly evolving knowledge on COVID-19. This review aims to summarize and critically appraise the evidence of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of ivermectin, assessing clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients.
Methods
RCTs evaluating the effects of ivermectin in adult patients with COVID-19 were searched through June 22, 2022, in four databases, L.OVE platform, clinical trial registries and pre-prints platforms. Primary endpoints included all-cause mortality and invasive ventilation requirement. Secondary endpoint was the occurrence of adverse events. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool. Meta-analysis included only studies which compared ivermectin to placebo or SOC. Random-effects were used to pool the risk ratios (RRs) of individual trials. The quality of evidence was evaluated using GRADE. The protocol was register in PROSPERO (CRD42021257471).
Results
Twenty-five RCTs fulfilled inclusion criteria (n = 6310). Of those, 14 compared ivermectin with placebo, in night ivermectin associated with SOC was compared to SOC and two studies compared ivermectin to an active comparator. Most RCTs had some concerns or high risk of bias, mostly due to lack of concealment of the randomization sequence and allocation, lack of blinding and high number of missing cases. Ivermectin did not show an effect in reducing mortality (RR = 0.76; 95%CI: 0.52–1.11) or mechanical ventilation (RR = 0.74; 95%CI: 0.48–1.16). This effect was consistent when comparing ivermectin vs. placebo, and ivermectin associated with SOC vs. SOC, as well as in sensitivity analysis. Additionally, there was very low quality of evidence regarding adverse effects (RR = 1.07; 95%CI: 0.84–1.35).
Conclusions
The evidence suggests that ivermectin does not reduce mortality risk and the risk of mechanical ventilation requirement. Although we did not observe an increase in the risk of adverse effects, the evidence is very uncertain regarding this endpoint.
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Javier Gandasegui, Chukwuemeka Onwuchekwa, Alejandro J Krolewiecki, Stephen R Doyle, Rachel L Pullan, Wendemagegn Enbiale, Stella Kepha, Hollie Ann Hatherell, Lisette van Lieshout, María Cambra-Pellejà, Valdemiro Escola, José Muñoz
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 16.07.2022
Tilføjet 16.07.2022
In 2020, WHO recognised the importance of strongyloidiasis alongside soil-transmitted helminths (STH) in their 2021–30 roadmap, which aspires to target Strongyloides stercoralis with preventive chemotherapy by use of ivermectin. Combination treatment with both albendazole, the primary drug used to treat STH, and ivermectin, would improve the efficiency of mass drug administration targeting both STH and S stercoralis. In this Personal View, we discuss the challenges and opportunities towards the development of an efficient control programme for strongyloidiasis, particularly if it is to run concurrently with STH control.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAsaf Biber, Geva Harmelin, Dana Lev, Li Ram, Amit Shaham, Ital Nemet, Limor Kliker, Oran Erster, Michal Mandelboim, Eli Schwartz
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 7.07.2022
Tilføjet 7.07.2022
Vipin Kumar, Ayushi Mishra, Awadehesh Kumar Yadav, Sushma Rathaur, Anchal Singh
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 6.07.2022
Tilføjet 6.07.2022
by Vipin Kumar, Ayushi Mishra, Awadehesh Kumar Yadav, Sushma Rathaur, Anchal Singh
Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) affects more than 863 million people in tropical and subtropical areas of the world, causing high morbidity and long illnesses leading to social exclusion and loss of wages. A combination of drugs Ivermectin, Diethylcarbamazine citrate and Albendazole is recommended by WHO to accelerate the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF). To assess the outcome of GPELF, to re-evaluate and to formulate further strategies there is an imperative need for high quality diagnostic markers. This study was undertaken to identify Lymphatic Filarial biomarkers which can detect LF infections in asymptomatic cases and would also serve as indicators for differentiating among different clinical stages of the disease. A combination of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), MMP zymography, SDS-PAGE, classical 2DE along with MALDI-TOF/MS was done to identify LF biomarkers from serum samples of different stages of LF patients. FT-IR spectroscopy coupled with univariate and multivariate analysis of LF serum samples, revealed significant differences in peak intensity at 3300, 2950, 1645, 1540 and 1448 cm-1 (p<0.05). The proteomics analysis results showed that various proteins were differentially expressed (p<0.05), including C-reactive protein, α-1-antitrypsin, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein D like, apolipoproteins A-I and A-IV in different LF clinical stages. Functional pathway analysis suggested the involvement of differentially expressed proteins in vital physiological pathways like acute phase response, hemostasis, complement and coagulation cascades. Furthermore, the differentiation between different stages of LF cases and biomarkers identified in this study clearly demonstrates the potential of the human serum profiling approach for LF detection. To our knowledge, this is the first report of comparative human serum profiling in different categories of LF patients.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedCésar Payán-Gómez, Ana María Cabal-Herrera, Jurany Andrea Caicedo-Rosales, Wilmar Saldarriaga-Gil
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 16.06.2022
Tilføjet 17.06.2022
Andrea L. Schaffer, David Henry, Helga Zoega, Julian H. Elliott, Sallie-Anne Pearson
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 15.06.2022
Tilføjet 15.06.2022
by Andrea L. Schaffer, David Henry, Helga Zoega, Julian H. Elliott, Sallie-Anne Pearson
Background Since COVID-19 was first recognised, there has been ever-changing evidence and misinformation around effective use of medicines. Understanding how pandemics impact on medicine use can help policymakers act quickly to prevent harm. We quantified changes in dispensing of common medicines proposed for “re-purposing” due to their perceived benefits as therapeutic or preventive for COVID-19 in Australia. Methods We performed an interrupted time series analysis and cross-sectional study using nationwide dispensing claims data (January 2017-November 2020). We focused on six subsidized medicines proposed for re-purposing: hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, ivermectin, colchicine, corticosteroids, and calcitriol (Vitamin D analog). We quantified changes in monthly dispensing and initiation trends during COVID-19 (March-November 2020) using autoregressive integrated moving average models and compared characteristics of initiators in 2020 and 2019. Results In March 2020, we observed a 99% (95%CI: 96%-103%) increase in hydroxychloroquine dispensing (approximately 22% attributable to new users), and a 199% increase (95%CI: 184%-213%) in initiation, with an increase in prescribing by general practitioners (42% in 2020 vs 25% in 2019) rather than specialists. These increases subsided following regulatory restrictions on prescribing. There was a small but sustained increase in ivermectin dispensing over multiple months, with an 80% (95%CI 42%-118%) increase in initiation in May 2020 following its first identification as potentially disease-modifying in April. Other than increases in March related to stockpiling, we observed no change in the initiation of calcitriol or colchicine during COVID-19. Dispensing of corticosteroids and azithromycin was lower than expected from April through November 2020. Conclusions While most increases in dispensing observed early on during COVID-19 were temporary and appear to be related to stockpiling among existing users, we observed increases in the initiation of hydroxychloroquine and ivermectin and a shift in prescribing patterns which may be related to the media hype around these medicines. A quick response by regulators can help limit inappropriate repurposing to lessen the impact on medicine supply and patient harm.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedDaniel Camprubí, Alex Almuedo-Riera, Helena Martí-Soler, Alex Soriano, Juan Carlos Hurtado, Carme Subirà, Berta Grau-Pujol, Alejandro Krolewiecki, Jose Muñoz
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 12.05.2022
Tilføjet 12.05.2022
by Daniel Camprubí, Alex Almuedo-Riera, Helena Martí-Soler, Alex Soriano, Juan Carlos Hurtado, Carme Subirà, Berta Grau-Pujol, Alejandro Krolewiecki, Jose Muñoz
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAmerican Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 10.05.2022
Tilføjet 12.05.2022
Journal Name: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and HygieneVolume: 106Issue: 5_SupplPages: 18-25
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American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 10.05.2022
Tilføjet 12.05.2022
Journal Name: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and HygieneVolume: 106Issue: 5_SupplPages: 26-28
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American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 10.05.2022
Tilføjet 12.05.2022
Journal Name: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and HygieneVolume: 106Issue: 5_SupplPages: 48-55
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Moses Laman, Livingstone Tavul, Stephan Karl, Bethuel Kotty, Zebede Kerry, Stephen Kumai, Anna Samuel, Lina Lorry, Lincoln Timinao, S Cade Howard, Leo Makita, Lucy John, Sibauk Bieb, James Wangi, Jeffrey M Albert, Michael Payne, Gary J Weil, Daniel J Tisch, Catherine M Bjerum, Leanne J Robinson, Christopher L King
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 7.05.2022
Tilføjet 7.05.2022
Mass administration of the triple-drug regimen was more effective than the two-drug regimen in reducing microfilariae prevalence in communities to less than the target level of 1%, but did not reduce circulating filarial antigen prevalence to less than 2%. These results support the use of mass drug administration with the triple-drug regimen to accelerate elimination of lymphatic filariasis.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedKathryn H Jacobsen, Bailey C Andress, Elina A Bhagwat, Ciera A Bryant, Vipusha R Chandrapu, Caroline G Desmonts, Tania M Matthews, Akeem Ogunkoya, Tristan J Wheeler, A'kayla S Williams
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 30.04.2022
Tilføjet 30.04.2022
Loiasis, also called African eye worm, is not currently on WHO's list of priority neglected tropical diseases, even though the risk that individuals with high Loa loa microfilarial densities will develop potentially fatal encephalopathy when they take ivermectin has complicated efforts to use mass drug administration for onchocerciasis (river blindness) and lymphatic filariasis control in co-endemic areas. At least 10 million residents of central and west Africa are thought to have loiasis, which causes painful and itchy subcutaneous oedema, arthralgia, and discomfort when adult helminths that are 3–7 cm in length are present under the conjunctiva of the eye.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedIñaki Tirados, Edward Thomsen, Eve Worrall, Lassane Koala, Tito T. Melachio, María-Gloria Basáñez
Trends in Parasitology, 1.04.2022
Tilføjet 2.04.2022
Mass drug administration (MDA) of ivermectin is currently the main strategy to achieve elimination of transmission (EoT) of onchocerciasis. Modelling suggests that EoT may not be reached in all endemic foci using annual MDA alone. Onchocerciasis and loiasis are coendemic in forest areas of Central Africa where ivermectin treatment can lead to severe adverse events in individuals with heavy loiasis load, rendering MDA inappropriate. Vector control has been proposed as a complementary intervention strategy.
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