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Søgeord (sepsis) valgt.
29 emner vises.
Infection, 3.05.2024
Tilføjet 3.05.2024
Infection, 1.05.2024
Tilføjet 1.05.2024
Abstract Purpose Bloodstream infections (BSI) and sepsis are important causes of hospitalization, loss of health, and death globally. Targetable risk factors need to be identified to improve prevention and treatment. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and risk of and mortality from BSI and sepsis in the general population during a 22-year period. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study among participants in the population-based Norwegian HUNT Study, where 68,438 participated. The median follow-up time was 17.4 years. The exposures were estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albumin–creatinine ratio (ACR) in urine. The outcomes were hazard ratios (HR) of hospital admission or death due to BSI or sepsis. The associations were adjusted for age, sex, diabetes, obesity, systolic blood pressure, smoking status, and cardiovascular disease. Results Participants with eGFR 30 mg/mmol) had HR 3.60 for BSI (95% CI 2.30–5.6) and 3.14 for sepsis (95% CI 1.94–5.1) compared to normal albumin excretion (ACR
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedInfection, 1.05.2024
Tilføjet 1.05.2024
Abstract Background The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR), adjusted for average glycemic status, is suggested for assessing actual blood glucose levels. Its link with adverse outcomes is known in certain populations, yet its impact on sepsis patients’ prognosis is unclear. This study explores the association between SHR and mortality in sepsis. Methods We included 13,199 sepsis patients in this study and categorized SHR into distinct groups. Additionally, we utilized restricted cubic spline analysis to evaluate the correlation between SHR as a continuous variable and mortality. The primary outcome was 1-year all-cause mortality. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were employed to assess the associations between the SHR and both in-hospital mortality and 1-year mortality, respectively. Results Among the study participants, 4,690 (35.5%) patients died during the 1-year follow-up. After adjusting for confounding variables, we identified a U-shaped correlation between SHR and 1-year mortality. Using an SHR of 0.99 as the reference point, the hazard ratio for predicted 1-year mortality increased by 1.17 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.27) per standard deviation above 0.99, whereas each standard deviation increase predicted the hazard ratio of 0.52 (95% CI 0.39 to 0.69) below 0.99. Furthermore, we found that SHR could enhance the predictive performance of conventional severity scores. Conclusion There exists a U shaped association between SHR and mortality in sepsis patients, where both low and high SHR values are associated with an increased risk of poor outcomes.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedSaraiva, I. E., Hamahata, N., Huang, D. T., Kane-Gill, S. L., Rivosecchi, R. M., Shiva, S., Nolin, T. D., Chen, X., Minturn, J., Chang, C.-C. H., Li, X., Kellum, J., Gomez, H.
BMJ Open, 1.05.2024
Tilføjet 1.05.2024
IntroductionAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of sepsis associated with increased risk of death. Preclinical data and observational human studies suggest that activation of AMP-activated protein kinase, an ubiquitous master regulator of energy that can limit mitochondrial injury, with metformin may protect against sepsis-associated AKI (SA-AKI) and mortality. The Randomized Clinical Trial of the Safety and FeasibiLity of Metformin as a Treatment for sepsis-associated AKI (LiMiT AKI) aims to evaluate the safety and feasibility of enteral metformin in patients with sepsis at risk of developing SA-AKI. Methods and analysisBlind, randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial in a single-centre, quaternary teaching hospital in the USA. We will enrol adult patients (18 years of age or older) within 48 hours of meeting Sepsis-3 criteria, admitted to intensive care unit, with oral or enteral access. Patients will be randomised 1:1:1 to low-dose metformin (500 mg two times per day), high-dose metformin (1000 mg two times per day) or placebo for 5 days. Primary safety outcome will be the proportion of metformin-associated serious adverse events. Feasibility assessment will be based on acceptability by patients and clinicians, and by enrolment rate. Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by the Institutional Review Board. All patients or surrogates will provide written consent prior to enrolment and any study intervention. Metformin is a widely available, inexpensive medication with a long track record for safety, which if effective would be accessible and easy to deploy. We describe the study methods using the Standard Protocol Items for Randomized Trials framework and discuss key design features and methodological decisions. LiMiT AKI will investigate the feasibility and safety of metformin in critically ill patients with sepsis at risk of SA-AKI, in preparation for a future large-scale efficacy study. Main results will be published as soon as available after final analysis. Trial registration numberNCT05900284.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedInfection, 29.04.2024
Tilføjet 29.04.2024
Abstract Purpose Bloodstream infections (BSI) and sepsis are important causes of hospitalization, loss of health, and death globally. Targetable risk factors need to be identified to improve prevention and treatment. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and risk of and mortality from BSI and sepsis in the general population during a 22-year period. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study among participants in the population-based Norwegian HUNT Study, where 68,438 participated. The median follow-up time was 17.4 years. The exposures were estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albumin–creatinine ratio (ACR) in urine. The outcomes were hazard ratios (HR) of hospital admission or death due to BSI or sepsis. The associations were adjusted for age, sex, diabetes, obesity, systolic blood pressure, smoking status, and cardiovascular disease. Results Participants with eGFR 30 mg/mmol) had HR 3.60 for BSI (95% CI 2.30–5.6) and 3.14 for sepsis (95% CI 1.94–5.1) compared to normal albumin excretion (ACR
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedInfection, 28.04.2024
Tilføjet 28.04.2024
Abstract Background The stress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR), adjusted for average glycemic status, is suggested for assessing actual blood glucose levels. Its link with adverse outcomes is known in certain populations, yet its impact on sepsis patients’ prognosis is unclear. This study explores the association between SHR and mortality in sepsis. Methods We included 13,199 sepsis patients in this study and categorized SHR into distinct groups. Additionally, we utilized restricted cubic spline analysis to evaluate the correlation between SHR as a continuous variable and mortality. The primary outcome was 1-year all-cause mortality. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were employed to assess the associations between the SHR and both in-hospital mortality and 1-year mortality, respectively. Results Among the study participants, 4,690 (35.5%) patients died during the 1-year follow-up. After adjusting for confounding variables, we identified a U-shaped correlation between SHR and 1-year mortality. Using an SHR of 0.99 as the reference point, the hazard ratio for predicted 1-year mortality increased by 1.17 (95% CI 1.08 to 1.27) per standard deviation above 0.99, whereas each standard deviation increase predicted the hazard ratio of 0.52 (95% CI 0.39 to 0.69) below 0.99. Furthermore, we found that SHR could enhance the predictive performance of conventional severity scores. Conclusion There exists a U shaped association between SHR and mortality in sepsis patients, where both low and high SHR values are associated with an increased risk of poor outcomes.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBeagle, Alexander J.; Prasad, Priya A.; Hubbard, Colin C.; Walderich, Sven; Oreper, Sandra; Abe-Jones, Yumiko; Fang, Margaret C.; Kangelaris, Kirsten N.
Critical Care Explorations, 28.04.2024
Tilføjet 28.04.2024
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the relationship between early IV fluid volume and hospital outcomes, including death in-hospital or discharge to hospice, in septic patients with and without heart failure (HF). DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study using logistic regression with restricted cubic splines to assess for nonlinear relationships between fluid volume and outcomes, stratified by HF status and adjusted for propensity to receive a given fluid volume in the first 6 hours. An ICU subgroup analysis was performed. Secondary outcomes of vasopressor use, mechanical ventilation, and length of stay in survivors were assessed. SETTING: An urban university-based hospital. PATIENTS: A total of 9613 adult patients were admitted from the emergency department from 2012 to 2021 that met electronic health record-based Sepsis-3 criteria. Preexisting HF diagnosis was identified by the International Classification of Diseases codes. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: There were 1449 admissions from patients with HF. The relationship between fluid volume and death or discharge to hospice was nonlinear in patients without HF, and approximately linear in patients with HF. Receiving 0–15 mL/kg in the first 6 hours was associated with lower likelihood of death or discharge to hospice compared with 30–45 mL/kg (odds ratio = 0.61; 95% CI, 0.41–0.90; p = 0.01) in HF patients, but no significant difference for non-HF patients. A similar pattern was identified in ICU admissions and some secondary outcomes. Volumes larger than 15–30 mL/kg for non-HF patients and 30–45 mL/kg for ICU-admitted non-HF patients were not associated with improved outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Early fluid resuscitation showed distinct patterns of potential harm and benefit between patients with and without HF who met Sepsis-3 criteria. Restricted cubic splines analysis highlighted the importance of considering nonlinear fluid outcomes relationships and identified potential points of diminishing returns (15–30 mL/kg across all patients without HF and 30–45 mL/kg when admitted to the ICU). Receiving less than 15 mL/kg was associated with better outcomes in HF patients, suggesting small volumes may be appropriate in select patients. Future studies may benefit from investigating nonlinear fluid–outcome associations and a focus on other conditions like HF.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedFEMS Microbiology Reviews, 28.04.2024
Tilføjet 28.04.2024
Abstract Group B Streptococcus (GBS; also known as Streptococcus agalactiae) is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen that causes sepsis, meningitis, pneumonia and skin and soft tissue infections in neonates and healthy or immunocompromised adults. GBS is well-adapted to survive in humans due to a plethora of virulence mechanisms that afford responses to support bacterial survival in dynamic host environments. These mechanisms and responses include counteraction of cell death from exposure to excess metal ions that can cause mismetallation and cytotoxicity, and strategies to combat molecules such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that are generated as part of innate host defence. Cytotoxicity from reactive molecules can stem from damage to proteins, DNA, and membrane lipids, potentially leading to bacterial cell death inside phagocytic cells or within extracellular spaces within the host. Deciphering the ways in which GBS responds to the stress of cytotoxic reactive molecules within the host will benefit the development of novel therapeutic and preventative strategies to manage the burden of GBS disease. This review summarises knowledge of GBS carriage in humans and the mechanisms used by the bacteria to circumvent killing by these important elements of host immune defence: oxidative stress, nitrosative stress, and stress from metal ion intoxication/mismetallation.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 27.04.2024
Tilføjet 27.04.2024
Abstract Background Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common cause of sepsis. Elderly patients with urosepsis in intensive care unit (ICU) have more severe conditions and higher mortality rates owing to factors such as advanced age, immunosenescence, and persistent host inflammatory responses. However, comprehensive studies on nomograms to predict the in-hospital mortality risk in elderly patients with urosepsis are lacking. This study aimed to construct a nomogram predictive model to accurately assess the prognosis of elderly patients with urosepsis and provide therapeutic recommendations. Methods Data of elderly patients with urosepsis were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) IV 2.2 database. Patients were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts. A predictive nomogram model was constructed from the training set using logistic regression analysis, followed by internal validation and sensitivity analysis. Results This study included 1,251 patients. LASSO regression analysis revealed that the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, red cell distribution width (RDW), white blood count (WBC), and invasive ventilation were independent risk factors identified from a total of 43 variables studied. We then created and verified a nomogram. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), net reclassification improvement (NRI), integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and decision curve analysis (DCA) of the nomogram were superior to those of the traditional SAPS-II, APACHE-II, and SOFA scoring systems. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test results and calibration curves suggested good nomogram calibration. The IDI and NRI values showed that our nomogram scoring tool performed better than the other scoring systems. The DCA curves showed good clinical applicability of the nomogram. Conclusions The nomogram constructed in this study is a convenient tool for accurately predicting in-hospital mortality in elderly patients with urosepsis in ICU. Improving the treatment strategies for factors related to the model could improve the in-hospital survival rates of these patients.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 27.04.2024
Tilføjet 27.04.2024
Abstract Streptococcus suis is one of the most common zoonotic pathogens, in humans and can cause meningitis, endocarditis, arthritis and sepsis. Human cases of Streptococcus suis infection have been reported worldwide, and most of those cases occurred in Asia. Hearing loss is the most common sequela of Streptococcus suis meningitis. Streptococcus suis infection complicated with acute cerebral infarction has rarely been reported. Therefore, to provide a reference for this disease, we reported a case of acute multiple brain infarctions associated with Streptococcus suis infection. In our report, a 69yearold male patient had Streptococcus suis meningitis and sepsis, which were associated with multiple acute cerebral infarctions in the pons and bilateral frontotemporal parietal occipital lobes. After treatment, the patient exhibited cognitive impairment, dyspraxia and irritability. There are limited case reports of cerebral infarction associated with Streptococcus suis infection, and further research is needed to determine the best treatment method.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedInfection, 26.04.2024
Tilføjet 26.04.2024
Abstract Purpose A German multicentre study BLOOMY was the first to use machine learning approach to develop mortality prediction scores for bloodstream infection (BSI) patients, but the scores have not been assessed in other cohorts. Our aim was to assess how the BLOOMY 14-day and 6-month scores estimate mortality in our cohort of 497 cases with BSI. Methods Clinical data, laboratory data, and patient outcome were gathered retrospectively from patient records. The scores were calculated as presented in the BLOOMY study with the exception in the day of the evaluation. Results In our cohort, BLOOMY 14-day score estimated death by day 14 with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.87 (95% Confidence Interval 0.80–0.94). Using ≥ 6 points as a cutoff, sensitivity was 68.8%, specificity 88.1%, positive predictive value (PPV) 39.3%, and negative predictive value (NPV) 96.2%. These results were similar in the original BLOOMY cohort and outweighed both quick Sepsis-Related Organ Failure Assessment (AUC 0.76) and Pitt Bacteraemia Score (AUC 0.79) in our cohort. BLOOMY 6-month score to estimate 6-month mortality had an AUC of 0.79 (0.73–0.85). Using ≥ 6 points as a cutoff, sensitivity was 98.3%, specificity 10.7%, PPV 25.7%, and NPV 95.2%. AUCs of 6-month score to estimate 1-year and 5-year mortality were 0.80 (0.74–0.85) and 0.77 (0.73–0.82), respectively. Conclusion The BLOOMY 14-day and 6-month scores performed well in the estimations of mortality in our cohort and exceeded some established scores, but their adoption in clinical work remains to be seen.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedInfection, 26.04.2024
Tilføjet 26.04.2024
Abstract Background Sepsis is a recognized global health challenge that places a considerable disease burden on countries. Although there has been some progress in the study of sepsis, the mortality rate of sepsis remains high. The relationship between serum osmolality and the prognosis of patients with sepsis is unclear. Method Patients with sepsis who met the criteria in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database were included in the study. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined using multivariable Cox regression. The relationship between serum osmolality and the 28-day mortality risk in patients with sepsis was investigated using curve fitting, and inflection points were calculated. Results A total of 13,219 patients with sepsis were enrolled in the study; the mean age was 65.1 years, 56.9 % were male, and the 28-day mortality rate was 18.8 %. After adjusting for covariates, the risk of 28-day mortality was elevated by 99% (HR 1.99, 95%CI 1.74-2.28) in the highest quintile of serum osmolality (Q5 >303.21) and by 59% (HR 1.59, 95%CI 1.39-1.83) in the lowest quintile (Q1 ≤285.80), as compared to the reference quintile (Q3 291.38-296.29). The results of the curve fitting showed a U-shaped relationship between serum osmolality and the risk of 28-day mortality, with an inflection point of 286.9 mmol/L. Conclusion There is a U-shaped relationship between serum osmolality and the 28-day mortality risk in patients with sepsis. Higher or lower serum osmolality is associated with an increased risk of mortality in patients with sepsis. Patients with sepsis have a lower risk of mortality when their osmolality is 285.80-296.29 mmol/L.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedNew England Journal of Medicine, 25.04.2024
Tilføjet 25.04.2024
New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 390, Issue 16, Page 1532-1533, April 25, 2024.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 24.04.2024
Tilføjet 24.04.2024
Abstract Background Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) infections are a major public health problem, necessitating the administration of polymyxin E (colistin) as a last-line antibiotic. Meanwhile, the mortality rate associated with colistin-resistant K. pneumoniae infections is seriously increasing. On the other hand, importance of administration of carbapenems in promoting colistin resistance in K. pneumoniae is unknown. Case presentation We report a case of K. pneumoniae-related pyogenic liver abscess in which susceptible K. pneumoniae transformed into carbapenem- and colistin-resistant K. pneumoniae during treatment with imipenem. The case of pyogenic liver abscess was a 50-year-old man with diabetes and liver transplant who was admitted to Abu Ali Sina Hospital in Shiraz. The K. pneumoniae isolate responsible for community-acquired pyogenic liver abscess was isolated and identified. The K. pneumoniae isolate was sensitive to all tested antibiotics except ampicillin in the antimicrobial susceptibility test and was identified as a non-K1/K2 classical K. pneumoniae (cKp) strain. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) identified the isolate as sequence type 54 (ST54). Based on the patient’s request, he was discharged to continue treatment at another center. After two months, he was readmitted due to fever and progressive constitutional symptoms. During treatment with imipenem, the strain acquired blaOXA−48 and showed resistance to carbapenems and was identified as a multidrug resistant (MDR) strain. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test for colistin was performed by broth microdilution method and the strain was sensitive to colistin (MIC
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedInfection, 23.04.2024
Tilføjet 23.04.2024
Abstract Purpose A German multicentre study BLOOMY was the first to use machine learning approach to develop mortality prediction scores for bloodstream infection (BSI) patients, but the scores have not been assessed in other cohorts. Our aim was to assess how the BLOOMY 14-day and 6-month scores estimate mortality in our cohort of 497 cases with BSI. Methods Clinical data, laboratory data, and patient outcome were gathered retrospectively from patient records. The scores were calculated as presented in the BLOOMY study with the exception in the day of the evaluation. Results In our cohort, BLOOMY 14-day score estimated death by day 14 with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.87 (95% Confidence Interval 0.80–0.94). Using ≥ 6 points as a cutoff, sensitivity was 68.8%, specificity 88.1%, positive predictive value (PPV) 39.3%, and negative predictive value (NPV) 96.2%. These results were similar in the original BLOOMY cohort and outweighed both quick Sepsis-Related Organ Failure Assessment (AUC 0.76) and Pitt Bacteraemia Score (AUC 0.79) in our cohort. BLOOMY 6-month score to estimate 6-month mortality had an AUC of 0.79 (0.73–0.85). Using ≥ 6 points as a cutoff, sensitivity was 98.3%, specificity 10.7%, PPV 25.7%, and NPV 95.2%. AUCs of 6-month score to estimate 1-year and 5-year mortality were 0.80 (0.74–0.85) and 0.77 (0.73–0.82), respectively. Conclusion The BLOOMY 14-day and 6-month scores performed well in the estimations of mortality in our cohort and exceeded some established scores, but their adoption in clinical work remains to be seen.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedThomas-Rüddel, D., Bauer, M., Moita, L. F., Helbig, C., Schlattmann, P., Ehler, J., Rahmel, T., Meybohm, P., Gründling, M., Schenk, H., Köcher, T., Brunkhorst, F. M., Gräler, M., Heger, A.-J., Weis, S., EPOS-1 study group, SepNetCriticalCare TrialsGroup, Bloos, Dlubatz, Hagel, Hammersen, Lehmann, Leonhardt, Markgraf, Michael, Rissner, Röstel, Roth, Schumacher, Schwarze, Städtler, Vivas-Varela, Fuchs, Greinacher, Kuhn, Hagedorn, Unterberg, Wittkowski, Rumpf, Haas, Helmer, Hottenrott, Kranke, Kranke, Neuf, Reppchen, Röder, Schmidt
BMJ Open, 23.04.2024
Tilføjet 23.04.2024
IntroductionSepsis remains the major cause of death among hospitalised patients in intensive care. While targeting sepsis-causing pathogens with source control or antimicrobials has had a dramatic impact on morbidity and mortality of sepsis patients, this strategy remains insufficient for about one-third of the affected individuals who succumb. Pharmacological targeting of mechanisms that reduce sepsis-defining organ dysfunction may be beneficial. When given at low doses, the anthracycline epirubicin promotes tissue damage control and lessens the severity of sepsis independently of the host–pathogen load by conferring disease tolerance to infection. Since epirubicin at higher doses can be myelotoxic, a first dose–response trial is necessary to assess the potential harm of this drug in this new indication. Methods and analysisEpirubicin for the Treatment of Sepsis and Septic Shock-1 is a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 dose-escalation phase IIa clinical trial to assess the safety of epirubicin as an adjunctive in patients with sepsis. The primary endpoint is the 14-day myelotoxicity. Secondary and explorative outcomes include 30-day and 90-day mortality, organ dysfunction, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) and cytokine release. Patients will be randomised in three consecutive phases. For each study phase, patients are randomised to one of the two study arms (epirubicin or placebo) in a 4:1 ratio. Approximately 45 patients will be recruited. Patients in the epirubicin group will receive a single dose of epirubicin (3.75, 7.5 or 15 mg/m2 depending on the study phase. After each study phase, a data and safety monitoring board will recommend continuation or premature stopping of the trial. The primary analyses for each dose level will report the proportion of myelotoxicity together with a 95% CI. A potential dose-toxicity association will be analysed using a logistic regression model with dose as a covariate. All further analyses will be descriptive. Ethics and disseminationThe protocol is approved by the German Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices. The results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals. Trial registration number NCT05033808.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedInfection, 22.04.2024
Tilføjet 22.04.2024
Abstract Background Sepsis is a recognized global health challenge that places a considerable disease burden on countries. Although there has been some progress in the study of sepsis, the mortality rate of sepsis remains high. The relationship between serum osmolality and the prognosis of patients with sepsis is unclear. Method Patients with sepsis who met the criteria in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV database were included in the study. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined using multivariable Cox regression. The relationship between serum osmolality and the 28-day mortality risk in patients with sepsis was investigated using curve fitting, and inflection points were calculated. Results A total of 13,219 patients with sepsis were enrolled in the study; the mean age was 65.1 years, 56.9 % were male, and the 28-day mortality rate was 18.8 %. After adjusting for covariates, the risk of 28-day mortality was elevated by 99% (HR 1.99, 95%CI 1.74-2.28) in the highest quintile of serum osmolality (Q5 >303.21) and by 59% (HR 1.59, 95%CI 1.39-1.83) in the lowest quintile (Q1 ≤285.80), as compared to the reference quintile (Q3 291.38-296.29). The results of the curve fitting showed a U-shaped relationship between serum osmolality and the risk of 28-day mortality, with an inflection point of 286.9 mmol/L. Conclusion There is a U-shaped relationship between serum osmolality and the 28-day mortality risk in patients with sepsis. Higher or lower serum osmolality is associated with an increased risk of mortality in patients with sepsis. Patients with sepsis have a lower risk of mortality when their osmolality is 285.80-296.29 mmol/L.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedInfection, 21.04.2024
Tilføjet 21.04.2024
Abstract Purpose Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated host response to infection. The purpose of the study was to measure the associations of specific exposures (deprivation, ethnicity, and clinical characteristics) with incident sepsis and case fatality. Methods Two research databases in England were used including anonymized patient-level records from primary care linked to hospital admission, death certificate, and small-area deprivation. Sepsis cases aged 65–100 years were matched to up to six controls. Predictors for sepsis (including 60 clinical conditions) were evaluated using logistic and random forest models; case fatality rates were analyzed using logistic models. Results 108,317 community-acquired sepsis cases were analyzed. Severe frailty was strongly associated with the risk of developing sepsis (crude odds ratio [OR] 14.93; 95% confidence interval [CI] 14.37–15.52). The quintile with most deprived patients showed an increased sepsis risk (crude OR 1.48; 95% CI 1.45–1.51) compared to least deprived quintile. Strong predictors for sepsis included antibiotic exposure in prior 2 months, being house bound, having cancer, learning disability, and diabetes mellitus. Severely frail patients had a case fatality rate of 42.0% compared to 24.0% in non-frail patients (adjusted OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.41–1.65). Sepsis cases with recent prior antibiotic exposure died less frequently compared to non-users (adjusted OR 0.7; 95% CI 0.72–0.76). Case fatality strongly decreased over calendar time. Conclusion Given the variety of predictors and their level of associations for developing sepsis, there is a need for prediction models for risk of developing sepsis that can help to target preventative antibiotic therapy.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedInfection, 21.04.2024
Tilføjet 21.04.2024
Abstract Purpose Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated host response to infection. The purpose of the study was to measure the associations of specific exposures (deprivation, ethnicity, and clinical characteristics) with incident sepsis and case fatality. Methods Two research databases in England were used including anonymized patient-level records from primary care linked to hospital admission, death certificate, and small-area deprivation. Sepsis cases aged 65–100 years were matched to up to six controls. Predictors for sepsis (including 60 clinical conditions) were evaluated using logistic and random forest models; case fatality rates were analyzed using logistic models. Results 108,317 community-acquired sepsis cases were analyzed. Severe frailty was strongly associated with the risk of developing sepsis (crude odds ratio [OR] 14.93; 95% confidence interval [CI] 14.37–15.52). The quintile with most deprived patients showed an increased sepsis risk (crude OR 1.48; 95% CI 1.45–1.51) compared to least deprived quintile. Strong predictors for sepsis included antibiotic exposure in prior 2 months, being house bound, having cancer, learning disability, and diabetes mellitus. Severely frail patients had a case fatality rate of 42.0% compared to 24.0% in non-frail patients (adjusted OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.41–1.65). Sepsis cases with recent prior antibiotic exposure died less frequently compared to non-users (adjusted OR 0.7; 95% CI 0.72–0.76). Case fatality strongly decreased over calendar time. Conclusion Given the variety of predictors and their level of associations for developing sepsis, there is a need for prediction models for risk of developing sepsis that can help to target preventative antibiotic therapy.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 18.04.2024
Tilføjet 18.04.2024
Abstract Background Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has been increasingly applied in sepsis. We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic utility of mNGS of paired plasma and peritoneal drainage (PD) fluid samples in comparison to culture-based microbiological tests (CMTs) among critically ill patients with suspected acute intra-abdominal infections (IAIs). Methods We conducted a prospective study from October 2021 to December 2022 enrolling septic patients with suspected IAIs (n = 111). Pairwise CMTs and mNGS of plasma and PD fluid were sent for pathogen detection. The mNGS group underwent therapeutic regimen adjustment based on mNGS results for better treatment. The microbial community structure, clinical features, antibiotic use and prognoses of the patients were analyzed. Results Higher positivity rates were observed with mNGS versus CMTs for both PD fluid (90.0% vs. 48.3%, p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedInfection, 17.04.2024
Tilføjet 17.04.2024
Abstract Purpose Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated host response to infection. The purpose of the study was to measure the associations of specific exposures (deprivation, ethnicity, and clinical characteristics) with incident sepsis and case fatality. Methods Two research databases in England were used including anonymized patient-level records from primary care linked to hospital admission, death certificate, and small-area deprivation. Sepsis cases aged 65–100 years were matched to up to six controls. Predictors for sepsis (including 60 clinical conditions) were evaluated using logistic and random forest models; case fatality rates were analyzed using logistic models. Results 108,317 community-acquired sepsis cases were analyzed. Severe frailty was strongly associated with the risk of developing sepsis (crude odds ratio [OR] 14.93; 95% confidence interval [CI] 14.37–15.52). The quintile with most deprived patients showed an increased sepsis risk (crude OR 1.48; 95% CI 1.45–1.51) compared to least deprived quintile. Strong predictors for sepsis included antibiotic exposure in prior 2 months, being house bound, having cancer, learning disability, and diabetes mellitus. Severely frail patients had a case fatality rate of 42.0% compared to 24.0% in non-frail patients (adjusted OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.41–1.65). Sepsis cases with recent prior antibiotic exposure died less frequently compared to non-users (adjusted OR 0.7; 95% CI 0.72–0.76). Case fatality strongly decreased over calendar time. Conclusion Given the variety of predictors and their level of associations for developing sepsis, there is a need for prediction models for risk of developing sepsis that can help to target preventative antibiotic therapy.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedEdward J. Schenck, Maria Plataki, Craig E. Wheelock
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine , 15.04.2024
Tilføjet 15.04.2024
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 209, Issue 8, Page 903-904, April 15, 2024.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedOsoul Chouchane, Alex R. Schuurman, Tom D. Y. Reijnders, Hessel Peters-Sengers, Joe M. Butler, Fabrice Uhel, Marcus J. Schultz, Marc J. Bonten, Olaf L. Cremer, Carolyn S. Calfee, Michael A. Matthay, Raymond J. Langley, Narges Alipanah-Lechner, Stephen F. Kingsmore, Angela Rogers, Michel van Weeghel, Frédéric M. Vaz, Tom van der Poll
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine , 15.04.2024
Tilføjet 15.04.2024
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Volume 209, Issue 8, Page 973-986, April 15, 2024.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedInfection, 14.04.2024
Tilføjet 14.04.2024
Abstract Purpose Sepsis has a high incidence and a poor prognosis. Early recognition is important to facilitate timely initiation of adequate care. Sepsis screening tools, such as the (quick) Sequential Organ Failure Assessment ((q)SOFA) and National Early Warning Score (NEWS), could help recognize sepsis. These tools have been validated in a general immunocompetent population, while their performance in immunocompromised patients, who are particularly at risk of sepsis development, remains unknown. Methods This study is a post hoc analysis of a prospective observational study performed at the emergency department. Inclusion criteria were age ≥ 18 years with a suspected infection, while ≥ two qSOFA and/or SOFA criteria were used to classify patients as having suspected sepsis. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Results 1516 patients, of which 40.5% used one or more immunosuppressives, were included. NEWS had a higher prognostic accuracy as compared to qSOFA for predicting poor outcome among immunocompromised sepsis patients. Of all tested immunosuppressives, high-dose glucocorticoid therapy was associated with a threefold increased risk of both in-hospital and 28-day mortality. Conclusion In contrast to NEWS, qSOFA underestimates the risk of adverse outcome in patients using high-dose glucocorticoids. As a clinical consequence, to adequately assess the severity of illness among immunocompromised patients, health care professionals should best use the NEWS.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 13.04.2024
Tilføjet 13.04.2024
Abstract Background Immunosuppression is a leading cause of septic death. Therefore, it is necessary to search for biomarkers that can evaluate the immune status of patients with sepsis. We assessed the diagnostic and prognostic value of low-density neutrophils (LDNs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) subsets in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with sepsis. Methods LDNs and MDSC subsets were compared among 52 inpatients with sepsis, 33 inpatients with infection, and 32 healthy controls to investigate their potential as immune indicators of sepsis. The percentages of LDNs, monocytic MDSCs (M-MDSCs), and polymorphonuclear MDSCs (PMN-MDSCs) in PBMCs were analyzed. Sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) scores, C-reactive protein (CRP), and procalcitonin (PCT) levels were measured concurrently. Results The percentages of LDNs and MDSC subsets were significantly increased in infection and sepsis as compared to control. MDSCs performed similarly to CRP and PCT in diagnosing infection or sepsis. LDNs and MDSC subsets positively correlated with PCT and CRP levels and showed an upward trend with the number of dysfunctional organs and SOFA score. Non-survivors had elevated M-MDSCs compared with that of patients who survived sepsis within 28 days after enrollment. Conclusions MDSCs show potential as a diagnostic biomarker comparable to CRP and PCT, in infection and sepsis, even in distinguishing sepsis from infection. M-MDSCs show potential as a prognostic biomarker of sepsis and may be useful to predict 28-day hospital mortality in patients with sepsis.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedInfection, 13.04.2024
Tilføjet 13.04.2024
Abstract Purpose Sepsis has a high incidence and a poor prognosis. Early recognition is important to facilitate timely initiation of adequate care. Sepsis screening tools, such as the (quick) Sequential Organ Failure Assessment ((q)SOFA) and National Early Warning Score (NEWS), could help recognize sepsis. These tools have been validated in a general immunocompetent population, while their performance in immunocompromised patients, who are particularly at risk of sepsis development, remains unknown. Methods This study is a post hoc analysis of a prospective observational study performed at the emergency department. Inclusion criteria were age ≥ 18 years with a suspected infection, while ≥ two qSOFA and/or SOFA criteria were used to classify patients as having suspected sepsis. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Results 1516 patients, of which 40.5% used one or more immunosuppressives, were included. NEWS had a higher prognostic accuracy as compared to qSOFA for predicting poor outcome among immunocompromised sepsis patients. Of all tested immunosuppressives, high-dose glucocorticoid therapy was associated with a threefold increased risk of both in-hospital and 28-day mortality. Conclusion In contrast to NEWS, qSOFA underestimates the risk of adverse outcome in patients using high-dose glucocorticoids. As a clinical consequence, to adequately assess the severity of illness among immunocompromised patients, health care professionals should best use the NEWS.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedDan lv, Keji Zhang, Changqing Zhu, Xinhui Xu, Hao Gong, Li Liu
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 12.04.2024
Tilføjet 12.04.2024
by Dan lv, Keji Zhang, Changqing Zhu, Xinhui Xu, Hao Gong, Li Liu This prospective observational study explored the predictive value of CD86 in the early diagnosis of sepsis in the emergency department. The primary endpoint was the factors associated with a diagnosis of sepsis. The secondary endpoint was the factors associated with mortality among patients with sepsis. It enrolled inpatients with infection or high clinical suspicion of infection in the emergency department of a tertiary Hospital between September 2019 and June 2021. The patients were divided into the sepsis and non-sepsis groups according to the Sepsis-3 standard. The non-sepsis group included 56 patients, and the sepsis group included 65 patients (19 of whom ultimately died). The multivariable analysis showed that CD86% (odds ratio [OR] = 1.22, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04–1.44, P = 0.015), platelet count (OR = 0.99, 95%CI: 0.986–0.997, P = 0.001), interleukin-10 (OR = 1.01, 95%CI: 1.004–1.025, P = 0.009), and procalcitonin (OR = 1.17, 95%CI: 1.01–1.37, P = 0.043) were independent risk factors for sepsis, while human leukocyte antigen (HLA%) (OR = 0.96, 05%CI: 0.935–0.995, P = 0.022), respiratory rate (OR = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.03–1.30, P = 0.014), and platelet count (OR = 1.01, 95%CI: 1.002–1.016, P = 0.016) were independent risk factors for death in patients with sepsis. The model for sepsis (CD86%, platelets, interleukin-10, and procalcitonin) and the model for death (HLA%, respiratory rate, and platelets) had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.870 and 0.843, respectively. CD86% in the first 24 h after admission for acute infection was independently associated with the occurrence of sepsis in the emergency department.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of Infectious Diseases, 9.04.2024
Tilføjet 9.04.2024
Abstract Aims We conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) study to elucidate the anti-infective effects of ticagrelor.Methods and results Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with serum levels of ticagrelor or its major metabolite AR-C124910XX (ARC) in the PLATelet inhibition and patient Outcomes trial were selected as genetic proxies for ticagrelor exposure. Positive control analyses indicated that genetically surrogated serum ticagrelor levels (six SNPs) but not ARC levels (two SNPs) were significantly associated with lower risks of coronary heart disease. Therefore, the six SNPs were used as genetic instruments for ticagrelor exposure, and the genome-wide association study data for five infection outcomes were derived from the UK Biobank and FinnGen consortium. The two-sample MR analyses based on inverse variance-weighted methods indicated that genetic liability to ticagrelor exposure could reduce the risk of bacterial pneumonia (odds ratio [OR]: 0.82, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.71–0.95, P = 8.75E-03) and sepsis (OR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.73–0.94, P = 3.69E-03); however, no causal relationship between ticagrelor exposure and upper respiratory infection, pneumonia, and urinary tract infection was detected. Extensive sensitivity analyses corroborated these findings.Conclusion Our MR study provides further evidence for the preventive effects of ticagrelor on bacterial pneumonia and sepsis.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedNatalia Maldonado, Inmaculada López-Hernández, Luis Eduardo López-Cortés, Pedro María Martínez Pérez-Crespo, Pilar Retamar-Gentil, Andrea García-Montaner, Sandra De la Rosa Riestra, Adrián Sousa-Domínguez, Josune Goikoetxea, Ángeles Pulido-Navazo, María Del Valle Ortíz, Clara Natera-Kindelán, Alfredo Jover-Sáenz, Alfonso del Arco-Jiménez, Carlos Armiñanzas-Castillo, Ana Isabel Aller-García, Jonathan Fernández-Suárez, Teresa Marrodán-Ciordia, Lucía Boix-Palop, Alejandro Smithson-Amat, José M Reguera-Iglesias, Fátima Galán-Sánchez, Alberto Bahamonde, Juan Manuel Sánchez Calvo, Isabel Gea-Lázaro, Inés Pérez-Camacho, Armando Reyes-Bertos, Berta Becerril-Carral, Álvaro Pascual, Jesús Rodríguez-Baño, the PROBAC REIPI/GEIRAS-SEIMC/SAMICEI
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 8.04.2024
Tilføjet 8.04.2024
This study aimed to determine the association of E. coli microbiological factors with 30-day mortality in BSI patients presenting with a dysregulated response to infection (i.e., sepsis or septic shock).
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