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BMC Infectious Diseases, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Abstract Background In recent years, Raoultella ornithinolytica (R. ornithinolytica) have attracted clinical attention as a new type of pathogen. A wide range of infections with these germs is reported, and commonly found in urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, and bacteremia. Case presentation We report the case of an elderly woman with liver abscess, choledocholithiasis and cholangitis, who developed gastric fistula and abdominal abscess after underwent choledocholithotomy, and R. ornithinolytica were isolated from the abdominal drainage fluid. The patient was treated with meropenem and levofloxacin and had a good outcome. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, case of isolating R. ornithinolytica from a patient with non-viscerally abdominal abscess was extremely rare. We share a case of a woman with non-viscerally abdominal abscess secondary to postoperative gastric fistula, R. ornithinolytica was isolated from the patient’s pus, and the pathogenic bacteria may originate from the gastrointestinal tract. Based on this case, We should be cautious that invasive treatment may greatly increase the probability of infection with this pathogenic bacterium.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Abstract This comprehensive retrospective data-linkage study aimed at evaluating the impact of Direct-Acting Antivirals (DAAs) on Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) testing, treatment trends, and access to care in Tuscany over six years following their introduction. Utilizing administrative healthcare records, our work reveals a substantial increase in HCV tests in 2017, attributed to the decision to provide universal access to treatment. However, despite efforts to eradicate chronic HCV through a government-led plan, the target of treating 6,221 patients annually was not met, and services contracted after 2018, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Key findings indicate a higher prevalence of HCV screening among females in the 33–53 age group, influenced by pregnancy-related recommendations, while diagnostic tests and treatment uptake were more common among males. Problematic substance users constituted a significant proportion of those tested and treated, emphasizing their priority in HCV screening. Our paper underscores the need for decentralized HCV models and alternative testing strategies, such as point-of-care assays, especially in populations accessing harm reduction services, communities, and prisons. The study acknowledges limitations in relying solely on administrative records, advocating for improved data access and timely linkages to accurately monitor HCV care cascades and inform regional plans. Despite challenges, the paper demonstrates the value of administrative record linkages in understanding the access to care pathway for hard-to-reach populations. The findings emphasize the importance of the national HCV elimination strategy and the need for enhanced data collection to assess progress accurately, providing insights for future regional and national interventions.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruptions to everyday life and has had social, political, and financial consequences that will persist for years. Several initiatives with intensive use of technology were quickly developed in this scenario. However, technologies that enhance epidemiological surveillance in contexts with low testing capacity and healthcare resources are scarce. Therefore, this study aims to address this gap by developing a data science model that uses routinely generated healthcare encounter records to detect possible new outbreaks early in real-time. Methods We defined an epidemiological indicator that is a proxy for suspected cases of COVID-19 using the health records of Emergency Care Unit (ECU) patients and text mining techniques. The open-field dataset comprises 2,760,862 medical records from nine ECUs, where each record has information about the patient’s age, reported symptoms, and the time and date of admission. We also used a dataset where 1,026,804 cases of COVID-19 were officially confirmed. The records range from January 2020 to May 2022. Sample cross-correlation between two finite stochastic time series was used to evaluate the models. Results For patients with age 18 years, we find time-lag () = 72 days and cross-correlation () ~ 0.82, = 25 days and ~ 0.93, and = 17 days and ~ 0.88 for the first, second, and third waves, respectively. Conclusions In conclusion, the developed model can aid in the early detection of signs of possible new COVID-19 outbreaks, weeks before traditional surveillance systems, thereby anticipating in initiating preventive and control actions in public health with a higher likelihood of success.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Abstract Background Pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) is a complex procedure and easily accompanied by healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). This study aimed to assess the impact of PBD on postoperative infections and clinical outcomes in PD patients. Methods The retrospective cohort study were conducted in a tertiary hospital from January 2013 to December 2022. Clinical and epidemiological data were collected from HAIs surveillance system and analyzed. Results Among 2842 patients who underwent PD, 247 (8.7%) were diagnosed with HAIs, with surgical site infection being the most frequent type (n = 177, 71.7%). A total of 369 pathogenic strains were detected, with Klebsiella pneumoniae having the highest proportion, followed by Enterococcu and Escherichia coli. Although no significant association were observed generally between PBD and postoperative HAIs, subgroup analysis revealed that PBD was associated with postoperative HAIs in patients undergoing robotic PD (aRR = 2.174; 95% CI:1.011–4.674; P = 0.047). Prolonging the interval between PBD and PD could reduce postoperative HAIs in patients with cholangiocarcinoma (≥4 week: aRR = 0.292, 95% CI 0.100–0.853; P = 0.024) and robotic PD (≤2 week: aRR = 3.058, 95% CI 1.178–7.940; P = 0.022). PBD was also found to increase transfer of patients to ICU (aRR = 1.351; 95% CI 1.119–1.632; P = 0.002), extended length of stay (P
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Abstract Background HIV virological failure is one of the main problems in HIV-infected patients, and identifying the main predictors of such treatment failure may help in combating HIV/AIDS. Methodology This cross-sectional study included 1800 HIV-infected patients with either virological failure or treatment response. HIV viral load, CD4 count, and other tests were performed. Statistical analysis was used to determine the predictors of virological failure. Results Clinical stage, treatment with reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs), under therapy for three years or more, suboptimal adherence to antiretroviral treatment (ART), age > 40 years, CD4 count
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Abstract Background Since the early 1970s, cholera outbreaks have been a major public health burden in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Cholera cases have been reported in a quasi-continuous manner in certain lakeside areas in the Great Lakes Region. As these cholera-endemic health zones constitute a starting point for outbreaks and diffusion towards other at-risk areas, they play a major role in cholera dynamics in the country. Monitoring the spatiotemporal dynamics of cholera hotspots and adjusting interventions accordingly thus reduces the disease burden in an efficient and cost-effective manner. Methods A literature review was conducted to describe the spatiotemporal dynamics of cholera in the DRC at the province level from 1973 to 1999. We then identified and classified cholera hotspots at the provincial and health zone levels from 2003 to 2022 and described the spatiotemporal evolution of hotspots. We also applied and compared three different classification methods to ensure that cholera hotspots are identified and classified according to the DRC context. Results According to all three methods, high-priority hotspots were concentrated in the eastern Great Lakes Region. Overall, hotspots largely remained unchanged over the course of the study period, although slight improvements were observed in some eastern hotspots, while other non-endemic areas in the west experienced an increase in cholera outbreaks. The Global Task Force on Cholera Control (GTFCC) and the Department of Ecology and Infectious Disease Control (DEIDC) methods largely yielded similar results for the high-risk hotspots. However, the medium-priority hotspots identified by the GTFCC method were further sub-classified by the DEIDC method, thereby providing a more detailed ranking for priority targeting. Conclusions Overall, the findings of this comprehensive study shed light on the dynamics of cholera hotspots in the DRC from 1973 to 2022. These results may serve as an evidence-based foundation for public health officials and policymakers to improve the implementation of the Multisectoral Cholera Elimination Plan, guiding targeted interventions and resource allocation to mitigate the impact of cholera in vulnerable communities.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Abstract Background There are abundant studies on COVID-19 but few on its impact on hepatitis E. We aimed to assess the effect of the COVID-19 countermeasures on the pattern of hepatitis E incidence and explore the application of time series models in analyzing this pattern. Methods Our pivotal idea was to fit a pre-COVID-19 model with data from before the COVID-19 outbreak and use the deviation between forecast values and actual values to reflect the effect of COVID-19 countermeasures. We analyzed the pattern of hepatitis E incidence in China from 2013 to 2018. We evaluated the fitting and forecasting capability of 3 methods before the COVID-19 outbreak. Furthermore, we employed these methods to construct pre-COVID-19 incidence models and compare post-COVID-19 forecasts with reality. Results Before the COVID-19 outbreak, the Chinese hepatitis E incidence pattern was overall stationary and seasonal, with a peak in March, a trough in October, and higher levels in winter and spring than in summer and autumn, annually. Nevertheless, post-COVID-19 forecasts from pre-COVID-19 models were extremely different from reality in sectional periods but congruous in others. Conclusions Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the Chinese hepatitis E incidence pattern has altered substantially, and the incidence has greatly decreased. The effect of the COVID-19 countermeasures on the pattern of hepatitis E incidence was temporary. The incidence of hepatitis E was anticipated to gradually revert to its pre-COVID-19 pattern.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Abstract Background The burden of cervical cancer in Ghana is high due to a lack of a national screening and vaccination program. Geographical variations in high-risk Human Papilloma Virus incidence and type should be considered for vaccine improvement and screening in LMICs. Methods A descriptive, multi-center cross-sectional study with purposive sampling of cases with cervical cancer diagnosed from January 2012 through to December 2018 was employed relying on archived Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded (FFPE) tissues from four (4) Teaching Hospitals. Cervical cancers were assessed for histopathological features following WHO guidelines. In addition, the novel Tumour Budding and Nest Size Grade (TBNS) for SCC, SILVA pattern of invasion for EAC and Tumour Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TILs) were assessed. High Risk HPV testing was performed using an isothermal, multiplex nucleic acid amplification method from ATILA biosystem (Mountain View California, USA). The FFPE blocks were tested for 15 hrHPV genotypes. Results were analyzed using SPSS v.26.0, with descriptive statistics and cross-tabulation and chi-square tests done with significance established at p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Abstract Background This real-world study assessed the epidemiology and clinical complications of Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs) and recurrences (rCDIs) in hospital and community settings in Germany from 2015 − 2019. Methods An observational retrospective cohort study was conducted among adult patients diagnosed with CDI in hospital and community settings using statutory health insurance claims data from the BKK database. A cross-sectional approach was used to estimate the annual incidence rate of CDI and rCDI episodes per 100,000 insurants. Patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics were described at the time of first CDI episode. Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate the time to rCDIs and time to complications (colonic perforation, colectomy, loop ileostomy, toxic megacolon, ulcerative colitis, peritonitis, and sepsis). A Cox model was used to assess the risk of developing complications, with the number of rCDIs as a time-dependent covariate. Results A total of 15,402 CDI episodes were recorded among 11,884 patients. The overall incidence of CDI episodes declined by 38% from 2015 to 2019. Most patients (77%) were aged ≥ 65 years. Around 19% of CDI patients experienced at least one rCDI. The median time between index CDI episode to a rCDI was 20 days. The most frequent complication within 12-months of follow-up after the index CDI episode was sepsis (7.57%), followed by colectomy (3.20%). The rate of complications increased with the number of rCDIs. The risk of any complication increased by 31% with each subsequent rCDI (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.31, 95% confidence interval: 1.17;1.46). Conclusions CDI remains a public health concern in Germany despite a decline in the incidence over recent years. A substantial proportion of CDI patients experience rCDIs, which increase the risk of severe clinical complications. The results highlight an increasing need of improved therapeutic management of CDI, particularly efforts to prevent rCDI.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Abstract Background The prevalence and distinction between first Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and reinfection with the Omicron variant among healthcare workers (HCWs) remain unclear. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at a hospital in Southern China. The study included 262 HCWs who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 between April and June 2023, with 101 cases of first infection and 161 ones of reinfection. Student’s t-test, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and Mann-Whitney U tests were used based on the distribution of quantitative variables. Pearson’s chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used based on the expected frequencies of categorical variables. Results The reinfection rate among HCWs was 11.5% (161/1406). The majority of the infected HCWs were female (212/262, 80.9%, first infection vs. reinfection: 76.2% vs. 83.9%). The nursing staff, had the highest percentage of SARS-CoV-2 infection (42.0%), especially of its reinfection (47.8%). Out of the 262 infected individuals, 257 had received SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, primarily inactivated vaccines (243/257, 91.1%). The first infection group, which received four doses (24, 23.8%), was significantly higher than that in the reinfection group (6, 3.7%) (P
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBate, Sebastian; Stokes, Victoria; Greenlee, Hannah; Goh, Kwee Yen; Whiting, Graham; Kitchen, Gareth; Martin, Glen P.; Parker, Alexander J.; Wilson, Anthony; on behalf of the MRI Critical Care Data Group
Critical Care Explorations, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
OBJECTIVES (BACKGROUND): To externally validate clinical prediction models that aim to predict progression to invasive ventilation or death on the ICU in patients admitted with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonitis. DESIGN: Single-center retrospective external validation study. DATA SOURCES: Routinely collected healthcare data in the ICU electronic patient record. Curated data recorded for each ICU admission for the purposes of the U.K. Intensive Care National Audit and Research Centre (ICNARC). SETTING: The ICU at Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, United Kingdom. PATIENTS: Three hundred forty-nine patients admitted to ICU with confirmed COVID-19 Pneumonitis, older than 18 years, from March 1, 2020, to February 28, 2022. Three hundred two met the inclusion criteria for at least one model. Fifty-five of the 349 patients were admitted before the widespread adoption of dexamethasone for the treatment of severe COVID-19 (pre-dexamethasone patients). OUTCOMES: Ability to be externally validated, discriminate, and calibrate. METHODS: Articles meeting the inclusion criteria were identified, and those that gave sufficient details on predictors used and methods to generate predictions were tested in our cohort of patients, which matched the original publications’ inclusion/exclusion criteria and endpoint. RESULTS: Thirteen clinical prediction articles were identified. There was insufficient information available to validate models in five of the articles; a further three contained predictors that were not routinely measured in our ICU cohort and were not validated; three had performance that was substantially lower than previously published (range C-statistic = 0.483–0.605 in pre-dexamethasone patients and C = 0.494–0.564 among all patients). One model retained its discriminative ability in our cohort compared with previously published results (C = 0.672 and 0.686), and one retained performance among pre-dexamethasone patients but was poor in all patients (C = 0.793 and 0.596). One model could be calibrated but with poor performance. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings, albeit from a single center, suggest that the published performance of COVID-19 prediction models may not be replicated when translated to other institutions. In light of this, we would encourage bedside intensivists to reflect on the role of clinical prediction models in their own clinical decision-making.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedLakshmipathy, Damini; Ye, Xiaoyi; Kuti, Joseph L.; Nicolau, David P.; Asempa, Tomefa E.
Critical Care Explorations, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
OBJECTIVES: In 2020, cefiderocol became the first Food and Drug Administration-approved medication with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) dosing recommendations based on effluent flow rates (QE). We aimed to evaluate the magnitude and frequency of factors that may influence these recommendations, that is, QE intrapatient variability and residual renal function. DESIGN: Retrospective observational cohort study. SETTING: ICUs within Hartford Hospital (890-bed, acute-care hospital) in Connecticut from 2017 to 2023. PATIENTS: Adult ICU patients receiving CRRT for greater than 72 hours. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: CRRT settings including QE and urine output (UOP) were extracted from the time of CRRT initiation (0 hr) and trends were assessed. To assess the impact on antibiotic dosing, cefiderocol doses were assigned to 0 hour, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours QE values per product label, and the proportion of antibiotic dose changes required as a result of changes in inpatient’s QE was evaluated. Among the 380 ICU patients receiving CRRT for greater than 72 hours, the median (interquartile range) 0 hour QE was 2.96 (2.35–3.29) L/hr. Approximately 9 QE values were documented per patient per 24-hour window. QE changes of greater than 0.75 L/hr were observed in 21.6% of patients over the first 24 hours and in 7.9% (24–48 hr) and 5.8% (48–72 hr) of patients. Approximately 40% of patients had UOP greater than 500 mL at 24 hours post-CRRT initiation. Due to QE changes within 24 hours of CRRT initiation, a potential cefiderocol dose adjustment would have been warranted in 38% of patients (increase of 21.3%; decrease of 16.6%). QE changes were less common after 24 hours, warranting cefiderocol dose adjustments in less than 15% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Results highlight the temporal and variable dynamics of QE and prevalence of residual renal function. Data also demonstrate a risk of antibiotic under-dosing in the first 24 hours of CRRT initiation due to increases in QE. For antibiotics with QE-based dosing recommendations, empiric dose escalation may be warranted in the first 24 hours of CRRT initiation.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedPhilip A. KlenoticEdward W. Yu1Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA, Corrella S. Detweiler
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Mario Pedraza-ReyesKaren Abundiz-YañezAlejandra Rangel-MendozaLissett E. MartínezRocío C. Barajas-OrnelasMayra Cuéllar-CruzHilda C. Leyva-SánchezVíctor M. Ayala-GarcíaLuz I. Valenzuela-GarcíaEduardo A. Robleto1Department of Biology, Division of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico2School of Life Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA3Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Juarez University of Durango State, Durango, Mexico4Department of Sustainable Engineering, Advanced Materials Research Center (CIMAV), Arroyo Seco, Durango, Mexico, Corrella S. Detweiler
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Xiping Zhu, Sheng Hong, Jiachen Bu, Yingping Liu, Can Liu, Runhan Li, Tiantian Zhang, Zhuqiang Zhang, Liping Li, Xuyu Zhou, Zhaolin Hua, Bing Zhu, Baidong Hou
Science Advances, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Aurélie Boilard, Samuel J. Walker, Trond Klungseth Lødøen, Mona Henriksen, Liselotte M. Takken Beijersbergen, Bastiaan Star, Marius Robu, Christine Tøssebro, Cornelia Marie Albrektsen, Yvonne Soleng, Sverre Aksnes, Roger Jørgensen, Anne Karin Hufthammer, Thijs van Kolfschoten, Stein-Erik Lauritzen, Sanne Boessenkool
Science Advances, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Chin Fen NeohSharon C-A ChenFanny LanternierShio Yen TioCatriona L. HallidaySarah E. KiddDavid C. M. KongWieland MeyerMartin HoeniglMonica A. Slavin1National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia2Department of Infectious Diseases, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia3Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia4Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, New South Wales Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia5The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia6Department of Infectious Diseases, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia7Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital universitaire Necker-Enfants malades, Paris, France,8National Reference Center for Invasive Mycoses and Antifungals, Translational Mycology research group, Mycology Department, Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France9National Mycology Reference Centre, SA Pathology, Adelaide, Australia10School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia11The National Centre for Antimicrobial Stewardship, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infections and Immunity, Melbourne, Australia12Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia13School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Geelong, Australia14Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands15Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria16Translational Medical Mycology Research Group, ECMM Excellence Center for Clinical Mycology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria, Graeme N. Forrest, Andoni Ramirez-Garcia
Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Hassan Abdi Hussein, Abdifetah Mohamed, Juhar Mohamed Ahmed
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
by Hassan Abdi Hussein, Abdifetah Mohamed, Juhar Mohamed Ahmed A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2017 to March 2019. A participatory epidemiological appraisal was used to gain a rapid overview of the range of camel calf health problems and traditional management, a measure of the importance that people place on each of them, and to identify and prioritize economically important diseases in target zones. The most important constraints to camel production were identified to be the widespread prevalence of diseases such as camelpox, contagious ecthyma, calf scour, ticks, and nonspecific pneumonia; poor management and husbandry practices such as restrictive colostrum feeding, lack of concentrate and salt supplementation and inappropriate housing; shortage of feed; and scarce seasonal variation in water. Additionally, the livestock herders not only showed their knowledge of common camel calf diseases for affected organs and symptoms but also indicated the seasonality of disease occurrences with strong agreement (W = 0.899, P< 0.003) among the informants of all focus group discussions. The overall prevalence of mange, tick infestation, and bacteria-induced diarrhea in the study area was found to be 36.3%, 36%, and 74%, respectively. Sarcoptes scabie var. cameli was the only identified mite species from mange-infested calves, while Hyalomma, Rhipicephalus, and Amblyoma were the most commonly identified tick species. Similarly, the overall prevalence of diarrhea was 74% among this about 34.6% was caused by E. coli while 38.9% was affected by Salmonella and E. coli. Therefore, based on these findings, five diseases have been prioritized as the most significant calf diseases in the area (Camelpox, contagious ecthyma, and causes of pneumonia among camel calves). Improving veterinary health infrastructure and capacity, and increasing community awareness on camel health constraints are also recommended to enhance optimal camel calf rearing.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedPalle Bager, Lars Bossen, Rasmus Gantzel, Henning Grønbæk
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
by Palle Bager, Lars Bossen, Rasmus Gantzel, Henning Grønbæk Background & aims Fatigue has high negative impact on many patients with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and treatment options are limited. Recently we showed favorable effects of four weeks of high-dose thiamine treatment on fatigue in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. We aimed to investigate the effect and safety of high-dose (600–1800 mg daily) oral thiamine treatment on chronic fatigue in patients with PBC. Methods Randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover trial including patients with severe PBC-related fatigue. Participants were allocated 1:1 to either group 1) 4 weeks of high-dose thiamine, 4 weeks of washout, and 4 weeks of placebo; or group 2) 4 weeks of placebo, washout, and high-dose thiamine, respectively. Fatigue severity was quantified using the fatigue subscale of the PBC-40 questionnaire. The primary outcome was a fatigue reduction of ≥ 5 points after 4 weeks of high-dose thiamine treatment. Results We enrolled 36 patients; 34 completed the study. The overall mean reduction in fatigue was 5.0 points (95% CI: 2.5 to 7.5; p < 0.001) for the combined group 1 and group 2. Crossover analysis showed a mean increase in fatigue of 0.3 points (95% CI: -4.2 to 3.8) after high-dose thiamine treatment compared to a 1.4 points (95% CI: 6.2 to –3.4) mean reduction after placebo (p = 0.55). Only mild and transient adverse events were recorded. Conclusion Four weeks of high-dose oral thiamine treatment in patients with PBC was well tolerated and safe. However, high-dose thiamine was not superior to placebo in reducing PBC-related fatigue. Trial registration The trial was registered in the ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04893993) and EudraCT (2020-004935-26).
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedTomoki Kuribara, Takeshi Unoki, Sachika Yamakita, Naoya Hashimoto, Yasuyo Yoshino, Hideaki Sakuramoto, Gen Aikawa, Saiko Okamoto
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
by Tomoki Kuribara, Takeshi Unoki, Sachika Yamakita, Naoya Hashimoto, Yasuyo Yoshino, Hideaki Sakuramoto, Gen Aikawa, Saiko Okamoto Oral care for critically ill patients helps provide comfort and prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia. However, a standardized protocol for oral care in intensive care units is currently unavailable. Thus, this study aimed to determine the overall oral care practices, including those for intubated patients, in Japanese intensive care units. We also discuss the differences in oral care methods between Japanese ICUs and ICUs in other countries. This study included all Japanese intensive care units meeting the authorities’ standard set criteria, with a minimum of 0.5 nurses per patient at all times and admission of adult patients requiring mechanical ventilation. An online survey was used to collect data. Survey responses were obtained from one representative nurse per intensive care unit. Frequency analysis was performed, and the percentage of each response was calculated. A total of 609 hospitals and 717 intensive care units nationwide participated; among these, responses were collected from 247 intensive care units (34.4%). Of these, 215 (87.0%) and 32 (13.0%) reported standardized and non-standardized oral care, respectively. Subsequently, the data from 215 intensive care units that provided standardized oral care were analyzed in detail. The most common frequency of practicing oral care was three times a day (68.8%). Moreover, many intensive care units provided care at unequal intervals (79.5%), mainly in the morning, daytime, and evening. Regarding oral care methods, 96 (44.7%) respondents used only a toothbrush, while 116 (54.0%) used both a toothbrush and a non-brushing method. The findings of our study reveal current oral care practices in ICUs in Japan. In particular, most ICUs provide oral care three times a day at unequal intervals, and almost all use toothbrushes as a common tool for oral care. The results suggest that some oral care practices in Japanese ICUs differ from those in ICUs in other countries.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedDarcy C. Esiason, Nicole Ciesinski, Chelsi N. Nurse, Wendy Erler, Tom Hattrich, Ankita Deshpande, C. Virginia O’Hayer
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
by Darcy C. Esiason, Nicole Ciesinski, Chelsi N. Nurse, Wendy Erler, Tom Hattrich, Ankita Deshpande, C. Virginia O’Hayer Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system with common symptoms of rapid onset of eye pain, loss of vision, neck/back pain, paralysis, bowel and bladder dysfunction and heat sensitivity. The rare, unpredictable, and debilitating nature of NMOSD constitutes a unique psychological burden for patients and their caregivers, the specific nature and extent of which is not yet known. This mixed methods study, informed by both quantitative and qualitative data collected via self-report measures, focus groups, and in-depth interviews, aims to investigate and understand the psychological burden of patients with NMOSD and their caregiver/loved ones, so as to inform a specialized intervention. 31 adults living with NMOSD and 22 caregivers of people with NMOSD in the United States and Canada, recruited from NMOSD patient advocacy groups, social media groups, and through word of mouth from other participants, completed a battery of standardized self-report measures of anxiety, depression, trauma, cognitive fusion, valued living, and coping styles. Semi-structured focus group sessions were conducted via HIPAA-compliant Zoom with 31 patients, and separate focus groups were conducted with 22 caregivers. A subset of these samples, comprised of 16 patients and 11 caregivers, participated in individual semi-structured interviews, prioritizing inclusion of diverse perspectives. Descriptive statistics and bivariate correlations were run on quantitative self-report data using SPSS [Version 28.0.1]; data were stored in REDCap. Reflexive thematic analysis was employed regarding qualitative individual interview data. The majority of patients reported experiencing anxiety, depression, cognitive fusion, over-controlled coping, and lack of values-based living. Caregivers also reported heightened anxiety, cognitive fusion, and over-controlled coping, although they did not endorse clinically significant depression. Patient and caregiver degree of anxiety and of overcontrolled coping were both strongly positively correlated, likely affecting how both parties manage NMOSD-related stressors, both individually and as a dyad. Patients reported more anxiety, depression, psychological inflexibility, and lack of values-based living, compared with caregivers. Patient and caregiver narrative themes included mistrust of medical professionals, lack of support immediately following diagnosis, changes in relationships, deviation from values-based living, internalization of feelings, and avoidant coping strategies to manage the psychological burden of NMOSD. A novel mental health intervention targeting the specific psychological burden of life with NMOSD is proposed.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedEmily F. Merritt, Joshua A. Kochanowsky, Perrine Hervé, Alison A. Watson, Anita A. Koshy
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
by Emily F. Merritt, Joshua A. Kochanowsky, Perrine Hervé, Alison A. Watson, Anita A. Koshy Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite that establishes a long-term infection in the brain of many warm-blooded hosts, including humans and rodents. Like all obligate intracellular microbes, Toxoplasma uses many effector proteins to manipulate the host cell to ensure parasite survival. While some of these effector proteins are universal to all Toxoplasma strains, some are polymorphic between Toxoplasma strains. One such polymorphic effector is GRA15. The gra15 allele carried by type II strains activates host NF-κB signaling, leading to the release of cytokines such as IL-12, TNF, and IL-1β from immune cells infected with type II parasites. Prior work also suggested that GRA15 promotes early host control of parasites in vivo, but the effect of GRA15 on parasite persistence in the brain and the peripheral immune response has not been well defined. For this reason, we sought to address this gap by generating a new IIΔgra15 strain and comparing outcomes at 3 weeks post infection between WT and IIΔgra15 infected mice. We found that the brain parasite burden and the number of macrophages/microglia and T cells in the brain did not differ between WT and IIΔgra15 infected mice. In addition, while IIΔgra15 infected mice had a lower number and frequency of splenic M1-like macrophages and frequency of PD-1+ CTLA-4+ CD4+ T cells and NK cells compared to WT infected mice, the IFN-γ+ CD4 and CD8 T cell populations were equivalent. In summary, our results suggest that in vivo GRA15 may have a subtle effect on the peripheral immune response, but this effect is not strong enough to alter brain parasite burden or parenchymal immune cell number at 3 weeks post infection.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMalaria Journal, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
Abstract Background Diversification of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) is suggested as one of the strategies that can be used to contain artemisinin resistance. Artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQ) is one of the artemisinin-based combinations that can be used in the diversification strategy as an alternative first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria in mainland Tanzania. There is however limited data on the efficacy of ASAQ in mainland Tanzania. This study assessed the efficacy of ASAQ for treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in selected sentinel sites for therapeutic efficacy studies in mainland Tanzania. Methods Between December 2018 and March 2020, children aged between 6 months and 10 years, attending at Nagaga, Mkuzi, and Mlimba primary health facilities, and with suspected uncomplicated malaria infection were screened for eligibility to participate in the study. Malaria infection was screened using microscopy. Children with uncomplicated P. falciparum monoinfection and who fulfilled all other inclusion criteria, and had none of the exclusion criteria, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, were treated with ASAQ. Follow-up visits were scheduled on days 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 or on any day of recurrent infection for clinical and laboratory assessment. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-corrected cure rate on day 28 was the primary outcome. Results A total of 264 children, 88 in each of the three study sites (Mlimba, Mkuzi and Nagaga health facilities) were enrolled and treated with ASAQ. The ASAQ PCR-corrected cure rate was 100% at all the three study sites. None of the participants had early treatment failure or late clinical failure. Furthermore, none of the participants had a serious adverse event. Conclusion ASAQ was highly efficacious for the treatment of uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria in mainland Tanzania, therefore, it can be deployed as an alternative first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria as part of diversification strategy to contain the spread of partial artemisinin resistance in the country.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedStig Ree Krüger, Espen Rigby Norvard, Kjersti Wik Larssen, Ursa Maierhofer, Helene Hestmann, Thomas Papathomas
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
A 58-year-old male with no travel history was admitted to the medical emergency department with a 6-month history of weight loss, pruritus and reduced appetite, deteriorating with one week of loose stools and nausea. Blood tests indicated a slightly elevated CRP as well as low-grade anemia, eosinophilia, and hyponatremia. A CT scan of the abdomen (Figure 1a) revealed generalized lymphadenopathy. A lymph node biopsy displayed granulomatoid accumulations of variably foamy macrophages containing PAS- and GMS-positive rods (Figure 1b-d).
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedPol Campos-Mercade, Florian H. Schneider
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
Ensuring widespread vaccination is essential in mitigating the public health impacts of many infectious diseases. Despite the proven effectiveness of vaccination, achieving high vaccination coverage remains a challenge. To increase vaccination rates, public institutions, non-profit organizations, and companies often consider incentivization strategies, including offering monetary rewards conditional on vaccination. For example, in many low-income countries, parents are incentivized to adhere to the complete vaccination schedule for their children [1, 2].
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedKevin B. Laupland, Felicity Edwards, Zoe Dettrick, Patrick N.A. Harris
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
Studies examining time to positivity (TTP) of blood cultures as a risk factor for death have shown conflicting results. The study objective was to examine the effect of TTP on all cause-30-day case-fatality among a population-based cohort of patients with bloodstream infections (BSI).
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedOlivier Paccoud, Marie Desnos-Ollivier, Florence Persat, Magalie Demar, Karine Boukris-Sitbon, Anne-Pauline Bellanger, Julie Bonhomme, Christine Bonnal, Françoise Botterel, Marie-Elisabeth Bougnoux, Sophie Brun, Sophie Cassaing, Estelle Cateau, Taieb Chouaki, Muriel Cornet, Eric Dannaoui, Nicole Desbois-Nogard, Marie-Fleur Durieux, Loïc Favennec, Arnaud Fekkar, Frederic Gabriel, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Juliette Guitard, Lilia Hasseine, Antoine Huguenin, Solène Le Gal, Valérie Letscher-Bru, Caroline Mahinc, Florent Morio, Muriel Nicolas, Philippe Poirier, Stéphane Ranque, Gabrielle Roosen, Célia Rouges, Anne-Laure Roux, Milène Sasso, Alexandre Alanio, Olivier Lortholary, Fanny Lanternier, for the French Mycoses Study Group
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
We aimed to describe features and outcomes of cryptococcosis among HIV-seronegative individuals in a large surveillance network for cryptococcosis in France.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedSoheila Aghlmandi, Julia Bielicki, Heiner C. Bucher
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
There are fundamental differences between our cohort1 and the databases from Swiss primary care networks that are mentioned by Plüss-Suard C et al.2 In our study we used patient-level data covering roughly 50% of the Swiss population that was aggregated on a practice level, similar to our Benchmark II trial.3,4 We analyzed 2,945 general practices comprising 5,113 medium-to high-prescriber general practitioners (GPs) and pediatricians. Our study focused specifically on antibiotic prescriptions, and we considered any physician who had prescribed at least one antibiotic during a consultation in a specific year/month to construct the denominator for the calculation of antibiotic prescription rates.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedGuido Granata, Eskild Petersen, Alessandro Capone, Daniele Donati, Benedetta Andriolo, Maya Gross, Stefania Cicalini, Nicola Petrosillo
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
Scant data are available on the link between armed conflicts and the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBalal SadeghiMartin H. GroschupMartin EidenInstitute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
Virulence, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
Yong-Ye YangI-Ting TsaiChung-Hsu LaiChih-Ping ChenChia‐Chi ChenYin-Chou Hsua Department of Emergency Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwanb School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwanc Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwand Department of Pathology, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwane School of Chinese Medicine for Post Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwanf School of Medicine for International Student, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwang Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Virulence, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
Milena Dropa, Jéssica Santiago Bispo da Silva, André Furugen César Andrade, Denis Hideki Nakasone, Marcos Paulo Vieira Cunha, Gesiane Ribeiro, Ronalda Silva de Araújo, Carlos Jesus Brandão, Barbara Ghiglione, Nilton Lincopan, Maria Inês Zanoli Sato, Terezinha Knöbl
Tropical Medicine & International Health, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
Mengxuan Gui, Chongxin Wu, Ruoyao Qi, Yue Zeng, Pengfei Huang, Jiali Cao, Tian Chen, Kaiyun Chen, Lina Lin, Qiangyuan Han, Peiqing He, Rao Fu, Qian Wu, Quan Yuan, Tianying Zhang, Ningshao Xia, Guosong Wang, Yixin Chen
Journal of Medical Virology, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
Fan Li, Jixu Li, Jingdong Song, De Li, Qikai Yin, Shihong Fu, Kai Nie, Qianqian Cui, Songtao Xu, Qiang Wei, Huanyu Wang
Journal of Medical Virology, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
Assim Verma, Ramesh Kumar Dedar, Ram Kumar, Yogesh Chander, Himanshu Kamboj, Garvit Kumar, Rekha Verma, Santosh Kumari, Shalini Sharma, Bhupendra N. Tripathi, Sanjay Barua, Naveen Kumar
Journal of Medical Virology, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
Salini Mohanty, Nicole Cossrow, Kalvin C. Yu, Gang Ye, Meghan White, Vikas Gupta
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause both invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), which occurs when bacteria enter normally sterile sites such as the bloodstream or cerebrospinal fluid, and non-invasive PD, which includes community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and otitis media. Both types of PD exert a significant clinical and economic burden on patients and society [1], and this burden is particularly substantial in adults. Older adults and adults of all ages with certain chronic or immunocompromising conditions are at increased risk for pneumococcal disease (PD) [2,3].
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedClinical & Experimental Immunology, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
Abstract Oral rotavirus vaccines demonstrate diminished immunogenicity in low-income settings where human cytomegalovirus infection is aquired early in childhood and modulates immunity. We hypothesized that human cytomegalovirus infection around the time of vaccination may influence immunogenicity. We measured plasma human cytomegalovirus specific immunoglobulin M antibodies in rotavirus vaccinated infants from 6 weeks to 12 months old and compared rotavirus immunoglobulin A antibody titres between human cytomegalovirus seropositive and seronegative infants. There was no evidence of an association between human cytomegalovirus serostatus at 9 months and rotavirus specific antibody titres at 12 months (geometric mean ratio 1.01, 95%CI: 0.70,1.45; p=0.976) or fold-increase in RV-IgA titre between 9 and 12 months (risk ratio 0.999, 95%CI: 0.66,1.52; p=0.995) overall. However, HIV-exposed-uninfected infants who were seropositive for human cytomegalovirus at 9 months old had a 63% reduction in rotavirus antibody geometric mean titres at 12 months compared to HIV-exposed-uninfected infants who were seronegative for human cytomegalovirus (geometric mean ratio 0.37, 95%CI: 0.17, 0.77; p=0.008). While the broader implications of human cytomegalovirus infections on oral rotavirus vaccine response might be limited in the general infant population, the potential impact in the HIV-exposed-uninfected infants cannot be overlooked. This study highlights the complexity of immunological responses and the need for targeted interventions to ensure oral rotavirus vaccine efficacy, especially in vulnerable subpopulations.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedHarrison, M., Rhodes, T., Lancaster, K.
BMJ Open, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
ObjectivesTo investigate the lived experiences of Long COVID. DesignCritical interpretive synthesis of qualitative research. Data sourcesPubMed and Web of Science databases were searched on 14 September 2023. Eligibility criteriaOriginal peer-reviewed qualitative studies describing the experiences of Long COVID were eligible for inclusion. Data extraction and synthesisWe used established qualitative synthesis methods to search, screen and manually code the included studies. Critical interpretation methods were used to analyse the data and develop synthetic constructs. Results68 articles were identified in the first phase of sampling, with 16 studies and 879 participants included in the final synthesis. The analysis of these studies was organised into three thematic constructions of Long COVID: (1) the illness, (2) the patient and (3) recovery. Long COVID was diversely characterised across study approaches, designs and findings but was underpinned by shared diagnostic logics, which shaped the identification and measurement of symptoms. The boundaries between different constitutions of Long COVID in qualitative accounts of illness experience were often imprecise. Slippages between different definitions of Long COVID had implications for patient experiences in relation to diagnosis, help-seeking and care, and expectations of recovery. ConclusionsLong COVID is a site of multiple and diverse qualitative interpretation. Accounts of lived experience emphasise the constitutions of illness, patienthood and recovery as situated and emergent. The ongoing context-based negotiation of Long COVID is a defining qualitative feature of the condition. Approaches to researching, diagnosing and developing health interventions must be as adaptive as the varieties of Long COVID lived experience.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBlock Ngaybe, M. G., Ravi, P., Rosales, A., Camarena, J. L., Madhivanan, P.
BMJ Open, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
BackgroundThere are currently over 38 million individuals around the globe living with the HIV and AIDS. As many HIV prevention and care services emerging for public use services become available to a wider audience, there is a growing need for more information about willingness to engage in these care and services. Stated preference research methods have been shown to be useful methods to help predict factors that influence health behaviours in the future. Research questionThis is a systematic review of findings from stated preference studies regarding the choices of people living with HIV or people at risk of contracting HIV to engage in HIV prevention or care. MethodsOur team plans to compile stated preference studies studying the choice to engage in HIV prevention or care services. Studies will be included from 1 January 2018 until 28 October 2022. There will be no restrictions on the language or location of the study. We will search databases including PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, Scopus, Tufts CEA registry and CINAHL. Two researchers will review each article’s title, abstract, then full-text and finally extract relevant data based on a predetermined process. Data will be presented in a narrative review and in an exploratory meta-analysis by subgroups of studies. Ethics and dissemination of researchThere is no need for an ethical review process of this study since all data used is available publicly. The findings of this study will be reported in relevant conferences and submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO registration numberCRD42023397785.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedGarcia, C., Holbrook, A., Djiadeu, P., Alvarez, E., Matos Silva, J., Mbuagbaw, L.
BMJ Open, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
BackgroundAdequate surveillance of HIV drug resistance prevalence is challenged by heterogenous and inadequate data reporting. To address this issue, we recently published reporting guidance documentation for studies of HIV drug resistance prevalence and incidence. ObjectivesIn this study, we describe the methods used to develop this reporting guidance. DesignWe used a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design involving authors and users of studies of HIV drug resistance prevalence. In the quantitative phase, we conducted a cross-sectional electronic survey (n=51). Survey participants rated various reporting items on whether they are essential to report. Validity ratios were computed to determine the items to discuss in the qualitative phase. In the qualitative phase, two focus group discussions (n=9 in total) discussed this draft item checklist, providing a justification and examples for each item. We conducted a descriptive qualitative analysis of the group discussions to identify emergent themes regarding the qualities of an essential reporting item. ResultsWe identified 38 potential reporting items that better characterise the study participants, improve the interpretability of study results and clarify the methods used for HIV resistance testing. These items were synthesised to create the reporting item checklist. Qualitative insights formed the basis of the explanation, elaboration, and rationale components of the guidance document. ConclusionsWe generated a list of reporting items for studies on the incidence or prevalence of HIV drug resistance along with an explanation of why researchers believe these items are important. Mixed methods allowed for the simultaneous generation and integration of the item list and qualitative insights. The integrated findings were then further developed to become the subsequently published reporting guidance.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMortensen, J. K., Blauenfeldt, R. A., Hedegaard, J. N., Morberg Wejse, C., Johnsen, S. P., Andersen, G., Simonsen, C. Z.
BMJ Open, 29.03.2024
Tilføjet 29.03.2024
ObjectivesAn increased risk of stroke has been reported among patients with COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2. We aimed to investigate the nationwide prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among patients with acute ischaemic stroke and to study the impact on stroke severity, quality of care and mortality on an individual patient level. DesignThis was a nationwide register-based cohort study. SettingWe used data from several Danish registers which were linked at an individual patient level using the unique civil registration number assigned to all Danish citizens. Patients were identified from the Danish Stroke Registry and information on SARS-CoV-2 infection status was collected from the Danish National COVID-19 Registry. Concurrent SARS-CoV-2 infection was defined as a positive PCR test within 31 days prior to, and 1 day after, stroke admission. Information on comorbidity was collected from the Danish National Patient Registry and information on vital status was collected from the Danish Civil Registration System. ParticipantsA total of 11 502 patients admitted with acute ischaemic stroke from 10 March 2020 to 31 May 2021 were included in the study. ResultsAmong the included patients, the majority (84.6%) were tested for SARS-CoV-2, but only 68 had a positive test. These patients were more prone to have atrial fibrillation and were more often treated with reperfusion therapy. They had a significantly increased risk of severe stroke (adjusted relative risk (aRR) 1.93, 95% CI: 1.22 to 3.04) and a significantly increased 30-day mortality risk (aRR 2.29, 95% CI: 1.19 to 4.39). There was no difference in the proportion of patients fulfilling relevant performance measures on quality of care. ConclusionIn this nationwide study, only 0.6% of patients with acute ischaemic stroke were tested positive for a concurrent SARS-CoV-2 infection. The patients with SARS-CoV-2 presented with more severe strokes.
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