8 ud af 8 tidsskrifter valgt, søgeord (encephalit) valgt, emner højest 180 dage gamle, sorteret efter nyeste først.
16 emner vises.
1
A combined cross-sectional analysis and case-control study evaluating tick-borne encephalitis vaccination coverage, disease and vaccine effectiveness in children and adolescents, Switzerland, 2005 to 2022
Kyra D Zens, Ekkehardt Altpeter, Monica N Wymann, Annora Mack, Nora B Baer, Sarah R Haile, Robert Steffen, Jan S Fehr and Phung Lang
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 3.05.2024
Tilføjet 3.05.2024
BackgroundTick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a severe, vaccine-preventable viral infection of the central nervous system. Symptoms are generally milder in children and adolescents than in adults, though severe disease does occur. A better understanding of the disease burden and duration of vaccine-mediated protection is important for vaccination recommendations. AimTo estimate TBE vaccination coverage, disease severity and vaccine effectiveness (VE) among individuals aged 0–17 years in Switzerland. MethodsVaccination coverage between 2005 and 2022 was estimated using the Swiss National Vaccination Coverage Survey (SNVCS), a nationwide, repeated cross-sectional study assessing vaccine uptake. Incidence and severity of TBE between 2005 and 2022 were determined using data from the Swiss disease surveillance system and VE was calculated using a case–control analysis, matching TBE cases with SNVCS controls. ResultsOver the study period, vaccination coverage increased substantially, from 4.8% (95% confidence interval (CI): 4.1–5.5%) to 50.1% (95% CI: 48.3–52.0%). Reported clinical symptoms in TBE cases were similar irrespective of age. Neurological involvement was less likely in incompletely (1–2 doses) and completely (≥ 3 doses) vaccinated cases compared with unvaccinated ones. For incomplete vaccination, VE was 66.2% (95% CI: 42.3–80.2), whereas VE for complete vaccination was 90.8% (95% CI: 87.7–96.4). Vaccine effectiveness remained high, 83.9% (95% CI: 69.0–91.7) up to 10 years since last vaccination. ConclusionsEven children younger than 5 years can experience severe TBE. Incomplete and complete vaccination protect against neurological manifestations of the disease. Complete vaccination offers durable protection up to 10 years against TBE.
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2
New and Improved Option for Detecting Neurologic Pathogens?
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 18.04.2024
Tilføjet 18.04.2024
A new test appears to be better than current options for diagnosing pathogens that cause meningitis, encephalitis, and other neurologic infections. Medscape Medical News
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3
Communicable disease threats report, 17-23 March 2024, week 12
ECDC
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 22.03.2024
Tilføjet 22.03.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) the period 17-23 March 2024 and includes updates on SARS-CoV-2 variant classification, hepatitis A, pertussis, invasive Group A streptococcal infection, chikungunya, dengue, poliomyelitis, western equine encephalitis and cholera.
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4
Communicable disease threats report, 17-23 March 2024, week 12
ECDC
ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report, 22.03.2024
Tilføjet 22.03.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) the period 17-23 March 2024 and includes updates on SARS-CoV-2 variant classification, hepatitis A, pertussis, invasive Group A streptococcal infection, chikungunya, dengue, poliomyelitis, western equine encephalitis and cholera.
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5
Communicable disease threats report, 4-10 February 2024, week 6
ECDC
ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report, 9.02.2024
Tilføjet 9.02.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) the period 4-10 February 2024 and includes updates on avian influenza, measles, MERS-CoV, COVID-19, swine influenza, respiratory virus epidemiology, Western equine encephalitis, Hepatitis E, and the Chinese New Year.
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6
Communicable disease threats report, 4-10 February 2024, week 6
ECDC
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 9.02.2024
Tilføjet 9.02.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) the period 4-10 February 2024 and includes updates on avian influenza, measles, MERS-CoV, COVID-19, swine influenza, respiratory virus epidemiology, Western equine encephalitis, Hepatitis E, and the Chinese New Year.
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7
Encephalitis in HIV-negative immunodeficient patients: a prospective multicentre study, France, 2016 to 2019
Sophie Landré, Florence Ader, Olivier Epaulard, Pierre Tattevin, Jean Paul Stahl, Alexandra Mailles and on behalf of the Steering committee and Investigators
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 9.02.2024
Tilføjet 9.02.2024
BackgroundData on infectious encephalitis in immunodeficient (ID) individuals are scarce. This population may present with atypical clinical symptoms, be infected by uncommon pathogens and develop poor outcomes. AimWe aimed to describe the epidemiology of infectious encephalitis among HIV-negative ID patients. MethodsPatients from the ENCEIF (Etude Nationale de Cohorte des Encéphalites Infectieuses en France) prospective cohort meeting criteria for infectious encephalitis between January 2016 and December 2019 were included. We compared clinical presentation, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results, biological results, infection causes and outcome of ID patients with immunocompetent (IC) patients using Pearson’s chi-squared test and Student’s t-test. We carried out logistic regression to assess the role of immunodeficiency as risk factor for poor outcome. ResultsID patients (n = 58) were older (mean 72 vs 59 years), had higher prevalence of diabetes (26% vs 12%), pre-existing neurological disorders (12% vs 5%) and higher case-fatality rate (23.6% vs 5.6%) compared to IC patients (n = 436). Varicella zoster virus was the primary cause of encephalitis in ID patients (this aetiology was more frequent in ID (25.9%) than in IC patients (11.5%)), with herpes simplex virus second (22.4% in ID patients vs 27.3% in IC patients). Immunodeficiency was an independent risk factor for death or major sequelae (odds ratio: 3.41, 95%CI: 1.70–6.85). ConclusionsVaricella zoster virus is the most frequent cause of infectious encephalitis in ID patients. Immunodeficiency is a major risk factor for poor outcome. ID encephalitis patients should benefit from stringent investigation of cause and early empiric treatment.
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8
Communicable disease threats report, 31 December 2023 - 6 January 2024, week 1
ECDC
ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report, 5.02.2024
Tilføjet 5.02.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 31 December 2023-6 January 2024 and includes updates on Avian influenza A(H5N6 and H9N2), SARS-CoV-2 variant classification, Western Equine Encephalitis, and an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA.
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9
Communicable disease threats report, 31 December 2023 - 6 January 2024, week 1
ECDC
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 5.02.2024
Tilføjet 5.02.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 31 December 2023-6 January 2024 and includes updates on Avian influenza A(H5N6 and H9N2), SARS-CoV-2 variant classification, Western Equine Encephalitis, and an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA.
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10
Communicable disease threats report, 28 January - 3 February 2024, week 5
ECDC
ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report, 3.02.2024
Tilføjet 3.02.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) the period 28 January - 3 February 2024 and includes updates on SARS-CoV-2 variant classification, swine influenza, human cases of co-infection with seasonal influenza and avian influenza, influenza, western equine encephalitis, and an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA.
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11
Communicable disease threats report, 28 January - 3 February 2024, week 5
ECDC
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 2.02.2024
Tilføjet 2.02.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) the period 28 January - 3 February 2024 and includes updates on SARS-CoV-2 variant classification, swine influenza, human cases of co-infection with seasonal influenza and avian influenza, influenza, western equine encephalitis, and an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA.
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12
Seroprevalence of tick-borne encephalitis virus and vaccination coverage of tick-borne encephalitis, Sweden, 2018 to 2019
Bo Albinsson, Tove Hoffman, Linda Kolstad, Tomas Bergström, Gordana Bogdanovic, Anna Heydecke, Mirja Hägg, Torbjörn Kjerstadius, Ylva Lindroth, Annika Petersson, Marie Stenberg, Sirkka Vene, Patrik Ellström, Bengt Rönnberg and Åke Lundkvist
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 12.01.2024
Tilføjet 12.01.2024
BackgroundIn Sweden, information on seroprevalence of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) in the population, including vaccination coverage and infection, is scattered. This is largely due to the absence of a national tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) vaccination registry, scarcity of previous serological studies and use of serological methods not distinguishing between antibodies induced by vaccination and infection. Furthermore, the number of notified TBE cases in Sweden has continued to increase in recent years despite increased vaccination. AimThe aim was to estimate the TBEV seroprevalence in Sweden. MethodsIn 2018 and 2019, 2,700 serum samples from blood donors in nine Swedish regions were analysed using a serological method that can distinguish antibodies induced by vaccination from antibodies elicited by infection. The regions were chosen to reflect differences in notified TBE incidence. ResultsThe overall seroprevalence varied from 9.7% (95% confidence interval (CI): 6.6–13.6%) to 64.0% (95% CI: 58.3–69.4%) between regions. The proportion of vaccinated individuals ranged from 8.7% (95% CI: 5.8–12.6) to 57.0% (95% CI: 51.2–62.6) and of infected from 1.0% (95% CI: 0.2–3.0) to 7.0% (95% CI: 4.5–10.7). Thus, more than 160,000 and 1,600,000 individuals could have been infected by TBEV and vaccinated against TBE, respectively. The mean manifestation index was 3.1%. ConclusionA difference was observed between low- and high-incidence TBE regions, on the overall TBEV seroprevalence and when separated into vaccinated and infected individuals. The estimated incidence and manifestation index argue that a large proportion of TBEV infections are not diagnosed.
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13
Communicable disease threats report, 31-6 January 2024, week 1
ECDC
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 6.01.2024
Tilføjet 6.01.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 31-6 January 2024 and includes updates on Avian influenza A(H5N6 and H9N2), SARS-CoV-2 variant classification, Western Equine Encephalitis, and an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA.
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14
Communicable disease threats report, 31-6 January 2024, week 1
ECDC
ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report, 5.01.2024
Tilføjet 5.01.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 31-6 January 2024 and includes updates on Avian influenza A(H5N6 and H9N2), SARS-CoV-2 variant classification, Western Equine Encephalitis, and an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA.
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15
Ecological and clinical evidence of the establishment of West Nile virus in a large urban area in Europe, Berlin, Germany, 2021 to 2022
Claudia Ruscher, Corinna Patzina-Mehling, Julia Melchert, Selina L Graff, Sarah E McFarland, Christian Hieke, Anne Kopp, Anita Prasser, Torsten Tonn, Michael Schmidt, Caroline Isner, Christian Drosten, Dirk Werber, Victor M Corman and Sandra Junglen
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 1.12.2023
Tilføjet 1.12.2023
Background West Nile virus (WNV), found in Berlin in birds since 2018 and humans since 2019, is a mosquito-borne virus that can manifest in humans as West Nile fever (WNF) or neuroinvasive disease (WNND). However, human WNV infections and associated disease are likely underdiagnosed. Aim We aimed to identify and genetically characterise WNV infections in humans and mosquitoes in Berlin. Methods We investigated acute WNV infection cases reported to the State Office for Health and Social Affairs Berlin in 2021 and analysed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients with encephalitis of unknown aetiology (n = 489) for the presence of WNV. Mosquitoes were trapped at identified potential exposure sites of cases and examined for WNV infection. Results West Nile virus was isolated and sequenced from a blood donor with WNF, a symptomatic patient with WNND and a WNND case retrospectively identified from testing CSF. All cases occurred in 2021 and had no history of travel 14 days prior to symptom onset (incubation period of the disease). We detected WNV in Culex pipiens mosquitoes sampled at the exposure site of one case in 2021, and in 2022. Genome analyses revealed a monophyletic Berlin-specific virus clade in which two enzootic mosquito-associated variants can be delineated based on tree topology and presence of single nucleotide variants. Both variants have highly identical counterparts in human cases indicating local acquisition of infection. Conclusion Our study provides evidence that autochthonous WNV lineage 2 infections occurred in Berlin and the virus has established an endemic maintenance cycle.
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RECOMMENDATIONS AND REPORTS: Tick-Borne Encephalitis Vaccine: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, United States, 2023
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 9.11.2023
Tilføjet 9.11.2023
ACIP recommendations for use of the TBE vaccine among U.S. travelers and laboratory workers.
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