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Journal of the American Medical Association, 23.10.2024
Tilføjet 23.10.2024
Approximately 22% of deaths in 2021 from COVID-19 in US hospitals could be attributed to the imbalance between the number of patients being treated by the hospital and the resources to care for them, according to a cohort study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJournal of the American Medical Association, 23.10.2024
Tilføjet 23.10.2024
This cohort study examines cardiovascular complications of postvaccine and other types of myocarditis (ie, post–COVID-19 and conventional myocarditis) during 18-month follow-up.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedGuangting Zeng
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 23.10.2024
Tilføjet 23.10.2024
Swank et al.collected plasma and serum samples to determine the proportion of individuals with detectable antigen after SARS-CoV-2 infection[1].Importantly, their study suggested that detection of viral RNA were significantly associated with with postacute sequelae of COVID-19(PASC) symptoms. This study further reinforce and expand previous findings that long COVID is associated with persistence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA and proteins.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedGuillaume Favre, Rebecca L. Bromley, Matthew Bluett-Duncan, Emeline Maisonneuve, Léo Pomar, Charlotte Daire, Anda-Petronela Radan, Luigi Raio, Daniel Surbek, Carolin Blume, Stylianos Kalimeris, Yoann Madec, Juliane Schneider, Myriam Bickle Graz, Ursula Winterfeld, Alice Panchaud, David Baud
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 23.10.2024
Tilføjet 23.10.2024
Data are lacking regarding the long-term consequences of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 mRNA vaccine on infants exposed in utero. We aimed to evaluate the neurodevelopment of infants exposed prenatally to SARS-CoV-2 or mRNA-COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy at 12 months after birth.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBeaulieu, M., Viens, D., Gilbert-Ouimet, M., Rossignol, S., Gagnon, M.-P., Turmel, N., Racine, S., Cameron, M., Roy, N., Bernier, L., Gravel, C., Turcotte, S.
BMJ Open, 23.10.2024
Tilføjet 23.10.2024
IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on nursing staff, resulting in alarming turnover rates. As part of the Quebec (Canada) government’s response to the pandemic, nurses have been offered exceptional financial incentives. Considering the cost of these measures, the current article presents the research protocol of a study aiming to explore the impact of financial incentives on full-time equivalent, and retention rates among the nursing staff in two healthcare settings in Quebec. Methods and analysisA sequential mixed design (QUANT->QUAL) will be used. The quantitative phase will involve a quantitative descriptive analysis and the qualitative phase will consist of a qualitative descriptive study. Administrative data (working hours, employment status and retention rate) will be analysed over a 4.5-year follow-up (from 1 January 2019 to 30 June 2023) to explore the impact of the financial incentives. Focus groups will explore nurses’ views on financial incentives. The results will inform the development of future interventions to mitigate attrition problems among nurses and ultimately improve access to and the continuity of public health services. Ethics and disseminationThe study has been approved by ethics committees of the participating healthcare settings (Comité d’éthique de la recherche sectorial en santé des populations et première ligne du CIUSSS de la Capitale-Nationale; Comité d’éthique de la recherche du CISSS de Chaudière-Appalaches). The results will be disseminated mainly in scientific publications and at academic conferences in addition to presentations tailored to various non-academic audiences.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedO'Hara, D. V., Bassi, A., Wilcox, A., Jha, V., Rathore, V., D'Cruz, S., Snelling, T. L., Jones, M., Totterdell, J., Bangi, A., Jain, M. K., Pollock, C., Burrell, L., Fox, G., Jones, C., Kotwal, S., Faridah Syed Omar, S., Jardine, M., on behalf of the CLARITY 2.0 trial investigators, Bathla, Diamante, Mercade, Xie, Nair, Decaria, Abignano, Jindal, Siddiqui, Patel, Sahu, Shaikh, Jain, Soni, Kanje, Vimal, Kalyan Chakravarthy, Sathish Babu, Cheema, Moni, Nair, Haynes, Kang, Thwaites, Staplin, Heritier
BMJ Open, 23.10.2024
Tilføjet 23.10.2024
ObjectiveTo determine whether a chemokine receptor type 2 antagonist, DMX-200 (repagermanium), in combination with an angiotensin receptor blocker, candesartan, improves clinical outcomes in people with COVID-19. DesignProspective, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. SettingTen acute care hospitals in India. ParticipantsAdults
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedGould, L. J., Angwin, E., Powell, R., Lawrance, E.
BMJ Open, 23.10.2024
Tilføjet 23.10.2024
BackgroundThe National Health Service (NHS) is suffering from a workforce crisis of mental and physical sickness and attrition following the COVID-19 pandemic. An in-depth understanding of healthcare workers’ (HCWs) experiences during the pandemic is required to understand the impacts on their mental health in this challenging work environment. This qualitative study explores HCWs’ concerns during the COVID-19 pandemic—expressed in real time during an active mental health crisis. DesignThis study involved analysis of data from ‘Shout’, a text message-based, UK-wide mental health support service which, during the pandemic, was advertised to HCWs specifically. Pseudorandom sampling of scripts of anonymised text message conversations between HCWs and Shout Volunteers from April 2020 to March 2021 was undertaken, with data fully anonymised by Shout before researchers accessed them on a secure purpose-built platform. Following application of exclusion and inclusion criteria, 60 conversations were coded to develop a thematic framework and analysed using grounded theory, with subthemes triangulated to create final themes. Quotes extracted from this process were then synthesised for publication. ResultsThree themes emerged from the data: (1) poor mental health, subthemes—(a) overwhelming negative feelings or emotional distress experienced, and; (b) active crisis/resurgent symptoms. (2) Negative work experiences, subthemes: (a) negative NHS work culture and expectations; (b) inadequate structures and arrangements for support; (c) trauma at work, and (d) abuse at work. (3) The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, subthemes: (a) additional work pressure and (b) isolation and risk. ConclusionThis study explores the challenges and mental health concerns in HCWs during an active crisis. Organisational stressors, mental health provision and additional resources for HCWs to recover from the pandemic remain a vital issue in current NHS service provision.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 23.10.2024
Tilføjet 23.10.2024
Abstract Background This study aimed to analyze the epidemic characteristics and influencing factors of school influenza outbreaks in Jiangsu Province, China from 2020 to 2023,following the COVID-19 pandemic, to inform prevention and control strategies. Methods Data on influenza-like illness(ILI) outbreaks from the Chinese Influenza Surveillance Information System and national-level influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals were analyzed. The temporal distribution, school type, virus strains, and outbreak scales were examined using descriptive statistics. Results From 2020 to 2023, 1142 influenza outbreaks occurred in schools, with primary schools(ages 6 to 12) accounting for 71.80%. Most large outbreaks were caused by A(H1N1) and A(H3N2), responsible for 8.99% of total outbreaks. Outbreaks were predominantly reported in the pre-peak periods of B(Victoria) and A(H1N1) circulation, accounting for 86.31% and 92.32% of their respective total outbreaks. No concurrent influenza and COVID-19 outbreaks were observed during the study period. Conclusion Primary and secondary schools are high-risk settings for influenza outbreaks. A(H3N2) shows higher adaptability and is more likely to co-circulate with other subtypes/lineages, especially A(H1N1), leading to larger outbreaks. B(Victoria)-caused outbreaks are more frequent but smaller in scale. School influenza outbreaks are more likely to occur during the early stages of seasonal peaks, particularly for B(Victoria) and A(H1N1). This suggests that influenza outbreaks in schools may play a crucial role in seeding and accelerating the spread of the virus within the broader community.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 23.10.2024
Tilføjet 23.10.2024
Abstract Objectives COVID-19 viral pneumonia can result in increased arterial stiffness, along with cardiac and systemic inflammatory responses. This study aimed to investigate the association between arterial stiffness, inflammation severity, and all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19. Methods In this study, anthropometric data, pneumonia infection severity, and blood tests were analyzed. Arterial stiffness was assessed using the non-invasive assessment indices, including arterial velocity pulse index (AVI) and central arterial pulse pressure (CAPP). Infection volumes and percentages for the whole lungs, most lobes, and most segments were extracted from CT images using artificial intelligence-based quantitative analysis software. The relationship between arterial stiffness, central hemodynamics, and all-cause mortality was investigated. Results In multivariable Cox regression analysis, high CAPP was significantly associated with all-cause mortality (hazard ratio: 0.263, 95% CI, 0.073–0.945, p = 0.041). Whole lung infection percentages were independently associated with high CAPP, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.662 and a specificity of 89.09%. Conclusions High CAPP, but not high AVI, demonstrated independent prognostic value for all-cause mortality in patients due to COVID-19 pneumonia infection. Evaluating this parameter could help in risk assessment and improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in viral pneumonia infections.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedHenrietta Dunsmuir
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 23.10.2024
Tilføjet 23.10.2024
How do we choose who to trust? During the unsettling COVID-19 pandemic, we all made decisions about who we could trust to keep us safe: a risk-weighing action that weighed up the people and systems we trusted to protect our health. In COVID-19 responses of local communities around the world: exploring trust in the context of risk and fear, social scientists Khun Eng Kuah, Gilles Guiheux, and Francis Lim draw together a wide range of international case studies, describing how different communities ascribed their trust during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedGenevieve Pascal
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 23.10.2024
Tilføjet 23.10.2024
As for much of the world, COVID-19 has left an undeniable and long-lasting path of destruction throughout South Asia. Every country had its own response and consequently its own experience with the pandemic. Unfortunately, those worst affected are often those who are already struggling and, perhaps unsurprisingly, issues such as domestic violence and the migrant crisis were made worse by the pandemic. COVID-19 in South Asia: society, economics and politics, edited by Manhal Ali, Rakib Akhtar, and Mohammad Tarikul Islam, explores the challenges and impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the region.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedYounhee Kim, Min Kyung Lim
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 23.10.2024
Tilføjet 23.10.2024
by Younhee Kim, Min Kyung Lim The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the critical importance of vaccination in controlling infectious diseases. While previous research has identified social cohesion as a potential facilitator of health behaviors, empirical studies exploring its direct impact on COVID-19 vaccination rates, especially across different age groups, remain limited. This cross-sectional study utilized data from the 2021 Korean Community Health Survey, a nationally representative survey conducted in South Korea. The analysis focused on adults aged 50 and older, categorizing them into two age groups (50–64 and ≥65). We investigated the association between perceived neighborhood social cohesion and COVID-19 vaccination status, controlling for socio-economic status, health behaviors, and concerns related to COVID-19. Statistical analysis was conducted using complex sample multiple logistic regression to adjust for potential confounders. The study included 135,352 participants, with an analysis showing that in the age group ≥65, higher levels of perceived neighborhood social cohesion were significantly associated with increased vaccination uptake (aOR for trust between neighbors: 1.200, 95% CI: 1.058–1.362; aOR for mutual assistance among neighbors: 1.491, 95% CI: 1.312–1.695). Interestingly, these associations were not significant in the 50–64 age group. Additionally, satisfaction with healthcare services was associated with higher vaccination uptake in both age groups (aOR: 1.106, 95% CI: 1.004–1.219 for 50–64; aOR: 1.306, 95% CI: 1.160–1.471 for ≥65). Our findings suggest that perceived neighborhood social cohesion plays a crucial role in influencing COVID-19 vaccination uptake among older adults, particularly those aged 65 and above. These results indicate that health policies aimed at enhancing social cohesion may effectively improve vaccination rates, especially among the elderly. Future research should explore the impact of social cohesion on other age groups and assess the causal relationships in longitudinal studies.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedNormandin, L., Vialaron, C., Guemghar, I., Sales, J., Fleury, D., Malas, K., Wong, C., Brunet, F., Pomey, M.-P.
BMJ Open, 22.10.2024
Tilføjet 22.10.2024
ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to describe and evaluate, in a real-life context, the support and communicate with families (SCF) team’s contribution to maintaining communication and supporting relatives when patients are at the end of their lives by mobilising the points of view of SCF team members, healthcare professionals, managers and the relatives themselves. DesignAn in-depth mixed-method case study (quantitative and qualitative). Individual interviews were conducted with members of the SCF team to assess the activities and areas for improvement and with co-managers of active COVID-19 units. Healthcare professionals and managers completed a questionnaire to assess the contribution made by the SCF team. Hospitalised patients’ relatives completed a questionnaire on their experience with the SCF team. SettingThe study was conducted in a university teaching hospital in the province of Québec, Canada. ParticipantsMembers of the SCF team, healthcare professionals, managers and relatives of hospitalised patients. ResultsBetween April and July 2020, 131 telephone communications with families and healthcare professionals, 43 support sessions for relatives of end-of-life patients and 35 therapeutic humanitarian visits were carried out by members of the SCF team. Team members felt that they had played an active role in humanising care. Fully 83.1% of the healthcare professionals and managers reported that the SCF team’s work had met the relatives’ needs, while 15.1% believed that the SCF team should be maintained after the pandemic. Fully 95% of the relatives appreciated receiving the telephone calls and visits, while 82% felt that the visits had positive effects on hospitalised patients. ConclusionThe COVID-19 pandemic forced the introduction of a social innovation involving support for and communication with families. The intention of this innovation was to support the complexity of highly emotional situations experienced by families during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedShi, Y., Stanmore, E., McGarrigle, L., Todd, C.
BMJ Open, 22.10.2024
Tilføjet 22.10.2024
IntroductionSarcopenia is characterised by the progressive weakening of muscle function that occurs with age. This condition frequently leads to frailty, disability and even death. Research on sarcopenia prevention is growing. Digital health exercise interventions are increasingly gaining attention in this field, with the rapid advancement of the internet and the influence of the COVID-19. However, there is a lack of empirical support for their effectiveness. Our study aims to assess the effect of digital health exercise intervention on sarcopenia in older persons, specifically focusing on its ability to improve muscle strength, muscle mass and physical performance. Methods and analysisSearching will be performed in the following 11 databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, PsycINFO, WOS, Scopus, CBM, CNKI, WANFANG and VIP) for published trials and 2 trial registries (ClinicalTrials.gov and the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform) for unpublished trials. Google Scholar will be used to find grey literature. The criterion of inclusion will be clinical trials involving digital health exercise interventions in older adults (≥60 years) diagnosed with sarcopenia (possible, confirmed or severe sarcopenia). For data synthesis, we will use a summary table to show the major characteristics of selected trials and a summary graph to demonstrate the risk of bias for each outcome using RoB 2, which will be further discussed in a narrative synthesis. The possibility of meta-analysis for quantitative data will be assessed according to the homogeneity analysis of the trials, using the methods of fixed or random effects model. If meta-analysis is possible, subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis will be performed as well. Publication bias will be assessed through the use of the funnel plot and Egger’s linear regression test when an adequate number of trials are available. Finally, the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach will be used to classify the certainty of evidence body into four categories (high, moderate, low and very low). Ethics and disseminationThe findings of the systematic review will be shared through publishing in a peer-reviewed journal and presentation at appropriate conferences. Since we will not be using specific patient data, ethical approval is unnecessary. PROSPERO registration numberCRD42024516930.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedRubin, G. J., Smith, L. E., Amlot, R., Fear, N. T., Potts, H. W., Michie, S.
BMJ Open, 22.10.2024
Tilføjet 22.10.2024
ObjectivesTo investigate worry about COVID-19 during the pandemic, and whether worry was associated with phase of the pandemic, COVID-19 death and incidence rates, Government interventions (including lockdown and advertising), age, being clinically at-risk, ethnicity, thinking that the Government had put the right measures in place, perceived risk of COVID-19 to self and the UK, and perceived severity of COVID-19. DesignSecondary analysis of a series of cross-sectional surveys. Setting73 online surveys conducted for the English Department of Health and Social Care between 28 January 2020 and 13 April 2022. ParticipantsParticipants were people aged 16 years and over living in the UK (approximately 2000 per wave). Primary outcome measuresOur primary outcome was self-reported worry about COVID-19. ResultsRates of being ‘extremely’ or ‘very’ worried changed over time. Worry increased as infection rates increased and fell during lockdowns, but the association became less obvious over time. Respondents aged 60 years and over were less likely to be worried after the launch of the vaccination campaign, while those who were clinically at-risk or from a minoritised ethnic community were more likely to be worried. Higher worry was associated with higher perceived risk, and higher perceived severity of COVID-19. There was no evidence for an association with agreeing that the Government was putting the right measures in place to prevent the spread of COVID-19. The launch of graphic Government advertising campaigns about COVID-19 had no noticeable effect on levels of public worry. ConclusionsIn future infectious disease outbreaks, spikes in worry may attenuate over time, although some sections of society may experience higher anxiety than others.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 22.10.2024
Tilføjet 22.10.2024
Abstract Objectives COVID-19 viral pneumonia can result in increased arterial stiffness, along with cardiac and systemic inflammatory responses. This study aimed to investigate the association between arterial stiffness, inflammation severity, and all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19. Methods In this study, anthropometric data, pneumonia infection severity, and blood tests were analyzed. Arterial stiffness was assessed using the non-invasive assessment indices, including arterial velocity pulse index (AVI) and central arterial pulse pressure (CAPP). Infection volumes and percentages for the whole lungs, most lobes, and most segments were extracted from CT images using artificial intelligence-based quantitative analysis software. The relationship between arterial stiffness, central hemodynamics, and all-cause mortality was investigated. Results In multivariable Cox regression analysis, high CAPP was significantly associated with all-cause mortality (hazard ratio: 0.263, 95% CI, 0.073–0.945, p = 0.041). Whole lung infection percentages were independently associated with high CAPP, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.662 and a specificity of 89.09%. Conclusions High CAPP, but not high AVI, demonstrated independent prognostic value for all-cause mortality in patients due to COVID-19 pneumonia infection. Evaluating this parameter could help in risk assessment and improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in viral pneumonia infections.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 22.10.2024
Tilføjet 22.10.2024
BMC Infectious Diseases, 22.10.2024
Tilføjet 22.10.2024
Abstract During the 2022 mpox outbreak, our study conducted 30 interviews with a recruited sample of Chicago gay men (age 18+) during June-September to investigate their experiences of mpox, HIV/AIDS, and COVID-19. Participants were interviewed with a semi-structured guide about gay sexual identity and social experiences; HIV/AIDS, ART, and PrEP; and COVID-19 behaviors and vaccination. All 30 interview respondents had been fully vaccinated for COVID-19 and expressed minimal COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. All the men living with HIV in our study were on ART with HIV well controlled. A majority of HIV- participants (70%) were on PrEP, with participants universally aware of PrEP benefits. Additionally, most participants had already received at least one shot of the Jynneos mpox vaccine, with many interviewees enduring long lines, sometimes at multiple locations, before vaccination in primarily gay social spaces. These Chicago gay men demonstrated widespread enthusiasm for mpox vaccination as a disease prevention strategy and most of them had already been vaccinated despite significant barriers. The enthusiasm of the participants in our study emerged within a medical landscape shaped by both COVID-19 vaccination and HIV/AIDS-related health interventions including ART and PrEP, which may have helped instill increased medical trust among this population. Our study suggests that out urban gay men may comprise a distinctive minority population with increased medical trust due to specific social, sexual, and historical experiences.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 22.10.2024
Tilføjet 22.10.2024
Abstract Background Pregnancy can be a risk factor for the development of more severe COVID-19 with a possible increase in the risk of complications during pregnancy/birth and adverse neonatal outcomes. This study aimed to describe and analyze the clinical and epidemiological aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in women in the perinatal period attended in the city of Belém, northern region of Brazil. Methods This is a clinical, observational, analytical, and cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, conducted at the Santa Casa de Misericórdia do Pará Foundation (FSCMPA). It included 230 pregnant women hospitalized at FSCMPA with a positive SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR molecular test between April 2020 and June 2022. Clinical and epidemiological information (origin, gestational age, prenatal care, comorbidities, birth complications, and chest tomography) were obtained from medical records, and correlation was made between the types of cases (mild, moderate, and severe) and maternal outcome. The chi-square test and G test were used to assess the possibility of association between variables. Results Evidence of association was observed between the severity of COVID-19 and the following parameters: gestational age, specific pregnancy comorbidities, baby and maternal death, birth complications, and prematurity. Dyspnea, headache, anosmia, odynophagia, diarrhea, and chest pain were the symptoms most related to disease aggravation. The maternal mortality rate in the study was 8.7%. Conclusion Specific pregnancy-related and pre-existing comorbidities associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection directly contribute to the worsening clinical condition, leading to complications such as prematurity, fetal, and maternal death.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedRasoul Ebrahimi, Mohammad Mahdi Masouri, Amir Abbas Salehi Amniyeh Khozani, Dana Ramadhan Hussein, Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 22.10.2024
Tilføjet 22.10.2024
by Rasoul Ebrahimi, Mohammad Mahdi Masouri, Amir Abbas Salehi Amniyeh Khozani, Dana Ramadhan Hussein, Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi Background Gut microbiota play important roles in several diseases like viral infections. In this systematic review, our objective was to assess the efficacy and safety of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in treating various viral diseases. Methods We conducted searches on databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar until November 2023. Clinical trials reported outcomes related to safety of FMT or its efficacy in patients with viral diseases were included. We excluded other types of studies that enrolled healthy individuals or patients with other disorders and did not use FMT. The assessment of bias risk was conducted using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) study quality evaluation tool. Results Eight studies with total 196 participants were included. Viral diseases were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B, COVID-19 and Clostridioides difficile coinfection, and cytomegalovirus colitis. In hepatitis B cases, HBeAg clearance was significant in those received FMT (p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAridi, M., Ghach, W., Alwan, N.
BMJ Open, 19.10.2024
Tilføjet 19.10.2024
IntroductionWorldwide, people heavily use chemical-based disinfectants to prevent the spread of COVID-19 with limited or no safety instructions. Awareness about the safe use of chemical-based disinfectants is highly recommended to limit the spread of COVID-19 and to avoid any health risks when misused, especially in developing countries where a poor healthcare system is prominent. Awareness in this context refers to the understanding and knowledge of proper usage, safety protocols and potential health risks associated with chemical disinfectants. Practices refer to the actual behaviours and actions taken when using disinfectants, including frequency of use, methods of application and adherence to safety guidelines. ObjectiveThe purpose of this paper is to develop a valid and reliable questionnaire to assess the community level of awareness and practice concerning chemical-based disinfectant use during COVID-19 in Lebanon. DesignThe questionnaire was adapted and modified from a previous study held in Iran, in which the questions were generated and developed with content validity ratio and index (CVR and CVI). The study design was divided into the qualitative phase/development of the Disinfectants Use Questionnaire (DUQ) and the quantitative phase/psychometric properties of the DUQ. The questionnaire was subjected to face and content validity tests through expert reviews. Data validation, for 130 participants (80.8% females, 85.5% bachelor’s degree and above, 80.8% students and 70.8% aged within 30 years), was examined through psychometric properties at the final stage of the validation. CVI for items (I-CVI), scale-level CVI (S-CVI), universal agreement calculation (S-CVI/UA), S-CVI and the average calculation method (S-CVI/Ave), based on I-CVI and based on proportion relevance, were calculated to determine the content validity. Results23 items of the 28-item scale had an I-CVI of 1, and the I-CVI of the remaining five ranged between 0.75 and 0.88. The S-CVI/UA was 0.82 and the S-CVI/Ave was 0.96, which meant that the items were good for the underlying construct. For the psychometric measures, principal axis factoring was performed and the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure of sampling adequacy, Bartlett’s test, eigenvalues and total variances were quite accepted and satisfactory. ConclusionThis study showed that DUQ is a valid and reliable tool for evaluating the community level of awareness and practice concerning chemical-based disinfectant use during COVID-19.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMJ Open, 19.10.2024
Tilføjet 19.10.2024
Takenobu K, Yoshida S, Katanoda K, et al. Impact of workplace smoke-free policy on secondhand smoke exposure from cigarettes and exposure to secondhand heated tobacco product aerosol during COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: the JACSIS 2020 study. BMJ Open 2022;12:e056891. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056891 This article was previously published with an error. The authors have informed the journal that two of the authors have received payment from the tobacco industry on projects unrelated to the one described in the article. This was not in breach of the journal’s policy at the time of publication, which stated that we will not ‘consider for publication any study that is partly or wholly funded by the tobacco industry’.1 However, to make these personal funds transparent, we have corrected the competing interests statement of the article.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedClinical Infectious Diseases, 19.10.2024
Tilføjet 19.10.2024
Abstract Background COVID-19 remains a major public health concern, with continued resurgences of cases and substantial risk of mortality for hospitalized patients. Remdesivir has become standard-of-care for hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Given the continued evolution of the disease, clinical management relies on evidence from the current endemic period.Methods Using the PINC AI Healthcare database, effectiveness of remdesivir was evaluated among adults hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of COVID-19 between December 2021 and February 2024. Three cohorts were analysed: adults, elderly (≥65 years), and those with documented COVID-19 pneumonia. Analyses were stratified by oxygen requirements. Patients receiving remdesivir were matched to those not receiving remdesivir using propensity score matching. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine in-hospital mortality.Results 169,965 adults hospitalized for COVID-19 were included, of which 94,129 (55.4%) initiated remdesivir in the first two days of hospitalization. Remdesivir was associated with a significantly lower mortality rate as compared to no remdesivir among patients with no supplemental oxygen charges (NSOc) (aHR [95% CI]: 14-day, 0.75 [0.69-0.82]; 28-day, 0.77 [0.72-0.83]) and among those with supplemental oxygen charges (SOc): 14-day, 0.76 [0.72-0.81]; 28-day, 0.79 [0.74-0.83]) (p
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