Guidelines 1 Screening før behandling med biologiske og målrettede syntetiske lægemidler (2023)
Bilag til Retningslinjer for screening og profylakse før behandling med biologiske lægemidler (2023) 2 Retningslinjer for screening og profylakse før behandling med biologiske lægemidler (2023)
Omhandler biologiske og målrettede syntetiske lægemidler (BMSL) til patienter i forhold til risiko for tuberkulose (TB), Humant Papillom Virus (HPV), Hepatitis B og C (HBV og HCV), Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV), Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) og Humant Immundefekt Virus (HIV) og øvrige infektioner. Vejledningen er udarbejdet af repræsentanter fra Dansk Selskab for Gastroenterologi og Hepatologi (DSGH), Dansk Reumatologisk Selskab (DRS), Dansk Dermatologisk Selskab (DDS) og Dansk Selskab for Infektionsmedicin (DSI). 3 Hepatitis B (2018)
National guideline udarbejdet af en arbejdsgruppe nedsat af medlemmer fra Dansk Selskab for Infektionsmedicin og medlemmer fra Dansk Selskab for Gastroenterologi og Hepatologi. 4 Hepatitis C (2022)
National guideline udarbejdet af en arbejdsgruppe nedsat af medlemmer fra Dansk Selskab for Infektionsmedicin og medlemmer fra Dansk Selskab for Gastroenterologi og Hepatologi. 5 Stikuheld og anden blodeksposition (2020)
Revideret september 2020. Arbejdsgruppen bestod af Suzanne Lunding (formand), Peer Brehm Christensen, Christian Erikstrup, Terese L. Katzenstein, Henrik Krarup, Alex Lund Laursen, Birgitte Mørn og Nina Weis Værktøj 1 Child-Pugh score (MDCalc)
2 Hep Drug Interactions
3 REACH-B Score for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (MDCalc)
4 The Polaris Observatory (epidemiologi og modellering)
Links 1 EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines
2 Medicin.dk om behandling af hepatitis B
3 Medicin.dk om behandling af hepatitis C
4 Medicinrådets lægemiddelrekommandation for behandling af kronisk hepatitis C infektion
5 Dansk standard for rapportering af kronisk hepatitis B og C
6 Public health guidance on HIV, hepatitis B and C testing in the EU/EEA
Nye artikler 1 Seroprevalence of viral hepatitis B and C infections among healthcare workers in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Getu Girmay, Gezahegn Bewket, Azanaw Amare, Abiy Ayele Angelo, Yenesew Mihret Wondmagegn, Abebaw Setegn, Menberu Wubete, Muluneh Assefa PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 8.11.2024 Tilføjet 8.11.2024 by Getu Girmay, Gezahegn Bewket, Azanaw Amare, Abiy Ayele Angelo, Yenesew Mihret Wondmagegn, Abebaw Setegn, Menberu Wubete, Muluneh Assefa Background Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at higher risk of contracting hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections. Currently, there is no estimate of pooled data on the prevalence of HBV and HCV infections among HCWs in the country. Thus, this review aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of hepatitis B and C infections among HCWs in Ethiopia. Materials and methods A comprehensive literature search was conducted using electronic databases, including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Hinari, and African Journals Online to identify pertinent articles from the inception to April 2024. The protocol has been registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42024527940) and conducted per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Data were extracted independently by two authors and analyzed using STATA version 11 software. A random-effect model and Egger’s test were computed to estimate the pooled prevalence and assess publication bias, respectively. Results A total of 18 studies involving4,948 healthcare workers were included in this review to estimate the pooled prevalence of HBV and HCV infections among HCWs in Ethiopia. The overall prevalence of HBV was 5.93% (95% CI; 3.22–8.63). The sub-group analysis showed that the prevalence of HBV among medical waste handlers and health professionals was8.6% (95% CI; 3.01–14.13) and 4.98% (95% CI; 1.85–8.11), respectively. The combined prevalence of HCV was 1.12% (95% CI; -4.19–6.43). In the sub-group analysis, the prevalence of HCV among medical waste handlers and health professionals was1.44% (95% CI; -5.28–8.18) and 0.59% (95% CI; -8.09–9.27), respectively. Conclusion In this review, we found a higher (5.93%) and moderate (1.12%) prevalence of HBV and HCV infections, respectively among Ethiopian HCWs. Therefore, to reduce the infectious burden of HBV and HCV among HCWs; there is a need to strict adherence to infection prevention and control measures. In addition, adequate HBV vaccination coverage for HCWs is mandatory to reduce the burden of HBV infection in the country. Læs mere Tjek på PubMed2 Kinetics of Hepatitis B Virus replication in anti-HBc positive/HBsAg-negative people with HIV switching to Tenofovir sparing therapy
Romina Salpini, Stefano D'Anna, Mohammad Alkhatib, Lorenzo Piermatteo, Alessandro Tavelli, Livia Benedetti, Eugenia Quiros Roldan, Antonella Cingolani, Chiara Papalini, Stefania Carrara, Vincenzo Malagnino, Massimo Puoti, Loredana Sarmati, Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein, Carlo Federico Perno, Antonella d'Arminio Monforte, Valentina Svicher International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 5.11.2024 Tilføjet 5.11.2024 Worldwide, 15-30% of people with HIV (PWH) is estimated to harbour a serological profile characterized by the positivity to antibodies against HBV core-protein (anti-HBc) and negativity to HBV surface-antigen (HBsAg) [1,2]. This serological profile can reflect the presence of an occult hepatitis B infection, characterized by intrahepatic persistence of replication-competent HBV-DNA (HBV circular covalently-closed DNA [cccDNA]), whose transcriptional activity is controlled by immune-response [3]. Læs mere Tjek på PubMed3 Total burden of hepatitis B and C attributed to injecting drug use in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021: Analyses based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Liang Huang, Xiaoyu Chen, Zhaojun Wang International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 5.11.2024 Tilføjet 5.11.2024 Viral hepatitis is a major public health challenge today. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 254 million people globally are living with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and 50 million with hepatitis C virus (HCV) [1]. HBV and HCV are leading causes of chronic liver disease, liver cancer, and death [2]. Each year, millions of people worldwide suffer from complications related to these infections [1,3]. A significant proportion of these cases are linked to injecting drug use (IDU), which not only affects the health of individuals but also imposes a substantial economic burden on societies due to healthcare costs and lost productivity [4]. Læs mere Tjek på PubMed4 Hepatitis B virus entry, assembly, and egress
Yu-Chen ChuangJ. -H. James Ou1Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USASebla Bulent Kutluay Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 24.10.2024 Tilføjet 24.10.2024 5 Primary care physicians’ perspectives on adults with diabetes and the recommended hepatitis B vaccine: A qualitative study
Douwné L. Müller, Heather Stuckey, Eileen S. Flores, Li Wang, Thomas Godfrey, William A. Calo, Jessica Yingst PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 19.10.2024 Tilføjet 19.10.2024 by Douwné L. Müller, Heather Stuckey, Eileen S. Flores, Li Wang, Thomas Godfrey, William A. Calo, Jessica Yingst Background People with diabetes are at an increased risk of contracting the hepatitis B virus (HBV). However, hepatitis B (HepB) vaccination rates among adults with diabetes are low. Factors influencing HepB vaccination have not been adequately explored. Aims The study aims to identify and understand the barriers adults with diabetes have in receiving the recommended HepB vaccine from the physicians’ perspective. Methods This study used semi-structured interviews to ascertain the perspective of 11 primary care physicians (PCPs) in a large academic medical group about HepB vaccination among their patients with Type 1 and 2 diabetes. Thematic analysis yielded descriptions of barriers and strategies that could potentially impact HepB vaccination among adults with diabetes. Results Physician responses related to four themes: (1) Conflicting perceptions about HBV risk and the CDC recommendation for adults with diabetes; (2) PCPs don’t perceive HepB vaccination as important as other adult vaccines and prioritize vaccination based on risk exposure; (3) PCPs’ perceived barriers to HepB vaccination among adults with diabetes; and (4) Physician recommended strategies to increase HepB vaccination among adults with diabetes. Conclusion Our findings indicate that physicians are generally aware of the existence of the CDC guidelines, but not all physicians recommend the HepB vaccine to adults with diabetes. This is because of a wide variation in treatment concerning glucose monitoring or insulin injection due to varying opinions about actual risk. We also identified barriers adults with diabetes have in receiving the HepB vaccine and strategies to increase HepB vaccination. Læs mere Tjek på PubMed6 Knowledge, attitude, and practices toward Hepatitis B infection among hemodialysis patients: A nationwide study in Jordan
Nader Alaridah, Rahaf A. Jereisat, Sara Abu-Mutaw, Haneen O. Abuhani, Raba’a F. Jarrar, Rayan M. Joudeh, Basmalah Al-Hawadi, Saif Alhawadi, Razan Qasim Al-oyoun, Hasan Nassr, Mohammad Al-Taher, Bassel Qiqieh, Layan Ismail, Haneen Al-Abdallat, Anas H. A. Abu-Humaidan PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 18.10.2024 Tilføjet 18.10.2024 by Nader Alaridah, Rahaf A. Jereisat, Sara Abu-Mutaw, Haneen O. Abuhani, Raba’a F. Jarrar, Rayan M. Joudeh, Basmalah Al-Hawadi, Saif Alhawadi, Razan Qasim Al-oyoun, Hasan Nassr, Mohammad Al-Taher, Bassel Qiqieh, Layan Ismail, Haneen Al-Abdallat, Anas H. A. Abu-Humaidan The Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a prevalent blood-borne illness, posing a significant risk to hemodialysis patients particularly due to their potential immunosuppressed status. This study aimed to address HBV awareness among Jordanian hemodialysis patients, filling a gap in regional research. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at a multicenter governmental hospital in Jordan, with 389 participants. Among them, 61.3% were male, and 80.7% were over 38 years old. While 34% demonstrated a high level of knowledge, Participants with a higher degree of education and those working in the medical field were more informed. Although most participants had an inadequate understanding of HBV symptoms and transmission, they maintained positive attitudes and engaged in infection preventative actions. Enhanced educational efforts are required to raise awareness among hemodialysis patients, and further research is needed to address any reluctance towards preventive practices and seeking treatment. Læs mere Tjek på PubMed7 Incidence of Occult Hepatitis B Infection (OBI) and hepatitis B genotype characterization among blood donors in Cameroon
Macqueen Ngum Mbencho, Nourhane Hafza, Le Chi Cao, Victorine Ndiwago Mingo, Eric A. Achidi, Stephen Mbigha Ghogomu, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 17.10.2024 Tilføjet 17.10.2024 by Macqueen Ngum Mbencho, Nourhane Hafza, Le Chi Cao, Victorine Ndiwago Mingo, Eric A. Achidi, Stephen Mbigha Ghogomu, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan Background Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is characterized by the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA at low levels in serum ( Læs mere Tjek på PubMed8 The dual-specificity kinase DYRK1A interacts with the Hepatitis B virus genome and regulates the production of viral RNA
Florentin Pastor, Emilie Charles, Chiara Di Vona, Maëlys Chapelle, Michel Rivoire, Guillaume Passot, Benoit Chabot, Susana de la Luna, Julie Lucifora, David Durantel, Anna Salvetti PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 16.10.2024 Tilføjet 16.10.2024 by Florentin Pastor, Emilie Charles, Chiara Di Vona, Maëlys Chapelle, Michel Rivoire, Guillaume Passot, Benoit Chabot, Susana de la Luna, Julie Lucifora, David Durantel, Anna Salvetti The genome of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) persists in infected hepatocytes as a nuclear episome (cccDNA) that is responsible for the transcription of viral genes and viral rebound, following antiviral treatment arrest in chronically infected patients. There is currently no clinically approved therapeutic strategy able to efficiently target cccDNA (Lucifora J 2016). The development of alternative strategies aiming at permanently abrogating HBV RNA production requires a thorough understanding of cccDNA transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation. In a previous study, we discovered that 1C8, a compound that inhibits the phosphorylation of some cellular RNA-binding proteins, could decrease the level of HBV RNAs. Here, we aimed at identifying kinases responsible for this effect. Among the kinases targeted by 1C8, we focused on DYRK1A, a dual-specificity kinase that controls the transcription of cellular genes by phosphorylating transcription factors, histones, chromatin regulators as well as RNA polymerase II. The results of a combination of genetic and chemical approaches using HBV-infected hepatocytes, indicated that DYRK1A positively regulates the production of HBV RNAs. In addition, we found that DYRK1A associates with cccDNA, and stimulates the production of HBV nascent RNAs. Finally, reporter gene assays showed that DYRK1A up-regulates the activity of the HBV enhancer 1/X promoter in a sequence-dependent manner. Altogether, these results indicate that DYRK1A is a proviral factor that may participate in the HBV life cycle by stimulating the production of HBx, a viral factor absolutely required to trigger the complete cccDNA transcriptional program. Læs mere Tjek på PubMed9 Predicting clinical outcomes in chronic hepatitis B patients receiving nucleoside analogues and pegylated interferon alpha: a hematochemical and clinical analysis
BMC Infectious Diseases, 13.10.2024 Tilføjet 13.10.2024 Abstract Background The best antiviral treatment for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) poses a complex challenge. The treatment effect of the combination of nucleoside analogues (NAs) and pegylated interferon alpha (PegIFN) was still in debate. Methods We studied patients treated with NAs and PegIFN-2b at our institution from November 2019 to January 2022. Logistic regression identified independent factors influencing clinical cure. The predictive accuracy of the formula was assessed using the Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve at different time points (before therapy, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks into treatment). Results A total of 120 patients were enrolled in the final analysis. Among the cohort of patients under study, 71 (59.1%) patients had clinical cure while 49 (40.9%) patients did not. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) at baseline and age were the powerful variables predicting the clearance of HBsAg. The area under the ROC (AUC) was 0.907 for pre-treatment predictive model, 0.958 for 12-week predictive model and 0.747 for 24-week predictive model. Conclusion This study provided predictive formulas for clinical cure, offering valuable insights for CHB treatment. PegIFN and NAs exhibited efficacy. Future research that explores additional factors, such as HBV genotype, in a larger cohort study is needed. Læs mere Tjek på PubMed10 Immunogenicity, safety, and persistence induced by triple- and standard-strength four-dose hepatitis B vaccination regimens in hemodialysis patients: A multicenter, randomized, parallel-controlled trial in Six cities in Shanxi Province
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 10.10.2024 Tilføjet 10.10.2024 Abstract Background Hemodialysis (HD) patients represent a high-risk group for hepatitis B infection. It is crucial to administer hepatitis B vaccination and stimulate higher and more sustained levels of anti-HBs. Our aim is to enhance the immunogenicity and persistence by implementing high-dose and prolonged hepatitis B vaccine schedule regimen in HD patients.Methods We conducted this multicenter, randomized, parallel-controlled trial between July 2020 and February 2023 at 11 hospitals in Shanxi province, China. A total of 504 HD patients were enrolled. All participants randomly allocated in a ratio of 1:1:1 to receive recombinant HBV vaccine of 3 standard doses (20 μg) at 0-1-6 months (IM20×3 group), 4 standard doses at 0-1-2-6 months (IM20×4 group), or 4 triple doses (60 μg) at 0-1-2-6 months (IM60×4 group).Results The vaccine-elicited antibody response peaked at month 7. The follow-up outcomes ranging from month 7 to 30 revealed that the response rates of anti-HBs decreased from 85.9% (134/156) to 33.0% (33/100) in IM20×3 group, from 92.5% (135/146) to 53.9% (56/104) in IM20×4 group and from 95.4% (145/152) to 57.3% (55/96) in IM60×4 group. The duration of vaccine-induced response with 75% of patients maintained protective antibody were 21.0 months in IM20×3 group, 25.7 months in IM20×4 group (vs. IM20×3 group, P=0.056) and 29.2 months in IM60×4 group (vs. IM20×3 group, P=0.034). All the adverse reactions were mild.Conclusions The four-triple-dose hepatitis B vaccination regimens could enhance the immunogenicity and 2-year duration in HD patients.The trial was registered with Clinical Trials.gov, number NCT03962881. https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03962881?term=NCT03962881&draw=2&rank=1. Læs mere Tjek på PubMed11 Hepatitis B infection: Evaluation of demographics and treatment of chronic hepatitis B infection in Northern-western Tanzania
Mathias Mlewa, Helmut A. Nyawale, Shimba Henerico, Ivon Mangowi, Aminiel Robert Shangali, Anselmo Mathias Manisha, Felix Kisanga, Benson R. Kidenya, Hyasinta Jaka, Semvua B. Kilonzo, Mariam M. Mirambo, Stephen E. Mshana PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 9.10.2024 Tilføjet 9.10.2024 by Mathias Mlewa, Helmut A. Nyawale, Shimba Henerico, Ivon Mangowi, Aminiel Robert Shangali, Anselmo Mathias Manisha, Felix Kisanga, Benson R. Kidenya, Hyasinta Jaka, Semvua B. Kilonzo, Mariam M. Mirambo, Stephen E. Mshana Background Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is still a major public health problem. In response to the World Health Organization (WHO), Tanzania implemented immunization and treatment to achieve the eradication of HBV infection by 2030. To achieve this goal, frequent updates of demographic data, antiviral therapy eligibility, and uptake are essential. We therefore evaluated demographic data, antiviral therapy eligibility, and uptake among chronically HBV-infected patients attending at Bugando Medical Centre (BMC), Tanzania. Methods A cross-sectional study enrolled 196 chronic HBV patients from April 23, 2023, to October 10, 2023, at BMC, where 100 and 96 patients were retrospectively and prospectively enrolled, respectively. Study’s ethical clearance and permission were observed by the Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences/Bugando Medical Centre research ethics and review committee and the Bugando Medical Centre management respectively. For all patients, socio-demographic data and whole blood samples were obtained. Full blood picture, alanine and aspartate amino transferases, and HBV viral load parameters were determined. Aspartate-Platelet Ratio Index (APRI) and Fibrosis Four (FIB-4) scores were calculated according to their respective formulas. Therapy eligibility and uptake were evaluated according to the 2015 WHO HBV prevention, treatment, and care guidelines. The data were summarized and analysed using STATA version 15. Results The median age for all patients was 39 [IQR: 32–47.5] years. Nearly all study patients, 99% (194/196), were older than 20 years old, with significant male dominance (73.5% [144/196] versus 26.5% [52/196]; p Læs mere Tjek på PubMed12 Risk factors for significant histological changes in both HBeAg positive and negative treatment-naive chronic hepatitis B with persistently normal alanine aminotransferase level
BMC Infectious Diseases, 9.10.2024 Tilføjet 9.10.2024 Abstract Background Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a serious health issue, and determining the optimal time for antiviral therapy is challenging. We aimed to assess liver histological changes in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and those with HBeAg-negative CHB who had persistently normal alanine aminotransferase and to determine the association between significant liver injury and various clinical parameters. Methods We retrospectively included, in this study, 339 treatment-naïve patients with chronic HBV infections who had persistently normal alanine aminotransferase and underwent liver biopsy from 2013 to 2023. Histologic assessment was based on the Metavir scoring system to evaluate the association between clinical characteristics and the severity of liver inflammation and fibrosis. Results Among the included participants, 138 were HBeAg-positive and 201 were HBeAg-negative. Lower hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) (P = 0.003) and higher aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P = 0.002) levels were associated with significant necroinflammation, whereas increasing age (P = 0.004) and lower HBV DNA (P Læs mere Tjek på PubMed13 Correction: Results of mother-to-child transmission in hepatitis B-positive mothers who underwent amniocentesis
BMC Infectious Diseases, 27.09.2024 Tilføjet 27.09.2024 14 Association of hepatitis B core antibody level and hepatitis B surface antigen clearance in HBeAg-negative patients with chronic hepatitis B
Jian Wang Zhiyi Zhang Li Zhu Qing Zhang Shaoqiu Zhang Yifan Pan Jiacheng Liu Fei Cao Tao Fan Ye Xiong Shengxia Yin Xiaomin Yan Yuxin Chen Chuanwu Zhu Jie Li Xingxiang Liu Chao Wu Rui Huang a Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Chinab Institute of Viruses and Infectious Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Chinac Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Chinad Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Infectious Diseases Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, Chinae Department of Infectious Diseases, Huai’an No. 4 People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, Chinaf Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Chinag Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Chinah Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huai’an No. 4 People’s Hospital, Huai’an, Jiangsu, China Virulence, 25.09.2024 Tilføjet 25.09.2024 15 Self-reported exposure to blood and body fluids and serological evidence of lifetime exposure to hepatitis B virus among health care workers in Ghana: a cross-sectional study
BMC Infectious Diseases, 14.09.2024 Tilføjet 14.09.2024 Abstract Introduction In Sub-Saharan Africa alone, about 40–65% of Hepatitis B Virus infections among HCWs were a result of percutaneous occupational exposures to contaminated blood and body fluids of patients. Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among healthcare workers is on the rise in Ghana. However, the relationship between self-reported exposures to blood and body fluids suspected to be contaminated with the hepatitis B virus and actual serological evidence of exposure remains unknown. The aim of the study however was to assess the self-reported exposure to HBV as against the serological evidence of lifetime exposure to HBV and associated factors among Ghanaian HCWs. Methods The study was a cross-sectional analytical survey that involved 340 HCWs who were recruited using a simple random sampling procedure from six cadres of staff from five districts in Greater Accra. The participants were surveyed using a validated instrument and 5mls of venous blood was aseptically withdrawn for qualitative detection of Anti-HBc. SPSS version 23.0 was used to analyze the data to obtain proportions, odds ratios and their corresponding confidence intervals with the level of significance set at 0.05. Results The response rate was 94% with Nurses and Doctors in the majority with a mean age of 35.6 ± 7.2. Self-reported exposure to HBV was 63% whereas lifetime exposure to HBV (Anti-HBc) prevalence was 8.2% (95% CI = 5.0-11.0%). Females were 60% less likely to be exposed to HBV (aOR = 0.4; 95% CI = 0.1–0.9) than their male counterparts. HCWs without training in the prevention of blood-borne infections had almost three times higher odds of being exposed to HBV in their lifetime (aOR = 2.6; 95% CI = 1.0-6.4). Conclusions The findings of this study suggest that self-reported exposure to HBV-contaminated biological materials was high with a corresponding high lifetime exposure to HBV. The female gender was protective of anti-HBc acquisition. Apart from direct interventions for preventing occupational exposures to HBV in the healthcare setting, periodic training of all categories of healthcare workers in infection prevention techniques could significantly reduce exposure to the Hepatitis B virus. Læs mere Tjek på PubMed16 Inherent symmetry and flexibility in hepatitis B virus subviral particles
Quan Wang, Tao Wang, Lin Cao, An Mu, Sheng Fu, Peipei Wang, Yan Gao, Wenxin Ji, Zhenyu Liu, Zhanqiang Du, Luke W. Guddat, Wenchi Zhang, Shuang Li, Xuemei Li, Zhiyong Lou, Xiangxi Wang, Zhongyu Hu, Zihe Rao Science, 13.09.2024 Tilføjet 13.09.2024 17 Results of mother-to-child transmission in hepatitis B-positive mothers who underwent amniocentesis
BMC Infectious Diseases, 12.09.2024 Tilføjet 12.09.2024 Abstract Purpose This study aims to analyze whether undergoing amniocentesis during pregnancy in women diagnosed with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection leads to HBV transmission to newborns. Methods Retrospective data collection was conducted from June 2019 to November 2022 on expectant mothers positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) who underwent amniocentesis at The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, along with data on their newborns. The study summarized the HBV infection status of newborns born to mothers with different expressions of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg), antiviral treatment versus no treatment, and different HBV DNA viral loads before delivery. Results In this study, 346 expectant mothers tested positive for HBsAg, along with 351 newborns (including 5 sets of twins, with 8 infants (2.28%) testing HBsAg-positive at birth. All newborns received dual immunotherapy and were followed up. At 7–12 months, retesting for HBsAg positivity and HBV DNA positivity among infants revealed that out of the infants born with HBsAg positivity, 7 cases had seroconverted to negative, while the remaining infant, who was positive for both HBsAg and HBeAg at birth, tested positive for both HBsAg and HBV DNA at 7–12 months. Thus, one case of vertical transmission of hepatitis B from mother to child occurred in this study. The proportion of infants born with HBsAg + among newborns born to HBeAg-positive mothers (4 cases, 6.06%) was significantly higher than that among newborns born to HBeAg-negative mothers (4 cases, 1.41%) (P 0.05). Among expectant mothers with viral load ≥ 6 log 10 IU/mL before delivery, 3 newborns (30.00%) were manifesting HBsAg positivity at birth, significantly higher than the group with viral load Læs mere Tjek på PubMed18 Immunization status and factors influencing hepatitis B vaccination of preterm infants in three provinces of China, 2019 to 2021
BMC Infectious Diseases, 11.09.2024 Tilføjet 11.09.2024 Abstract Background Premature infants have less physiologic reserve and often delayed vaccination compared to full-term infants. The birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB-BD) is an essential measure to achieve the goal of "zero infections" of hepatitis B virus in all newborns. However, there are few investigations of hepatitis B vaccination of preterm infants, leading to uncertainty of coverage and insufficient knowledge of factors influencing timely vaccination of this important population. Methods We obtained hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) vaccination histories of premature infants born during 2019–2021 in three provinces from the respective provincial immunization information systems. Extracted data included date of birth, sex, region, and dates of HepB administration. We conducted descriptive analyses that included basic characteristics of the study subjects, HepB-BD administration, and full-series HepB vaccination. Factors potentially influencing HepB-BD and full series vaccination were analyzed by logistic regression. Results There were 1623 premature infants included in the analytic data set. Overall HepB-BD coverage was 71.41%; coverage among premature infants born to mothers with unknown hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) status was 69.57%; coverage was higher at county-level-and-above hospitals (72.02%) than hospitals below county level (61.11%). Full-series HepB coverage was 94.15%; full-series coverage among preterm infants weighing less than 2000 g at birth was 76.92%. Logistic regression showed that the HepB-BD vaccination rate was positively associated with being born to an HBsAg-positive mother and being preterm with high birth weight. Regression analysis for factors influencing full-series HepB coverage showed that being born prematurely was positively associated with full-series coverage and being premature with a very low birth weight was negatively associated with full-series coverage. Conclusions HepB-BD coverage levels in three provinces of China were less than the target of 90%, especially among premature infants born to mothers with unknown HBsAg status and at hospitals below the county level. Screening of pregnant women should be a universal normal standard. Hepatitis B vaccination training should be strengthened in hospitals to improve the HepB-BD vaccination rate of premature infants and to effectively prevent mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus. Læs mere Tjek på PubMed19 Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
BMC Infectious Diseases, 6.09.2024 Tilføjet 6.09.2024 Abstract Background Although hepatitis B infection is highly endemic in Africa, information on its epidemiology among pregnant women in the region is limited. Therefore, this systematic review provided up-to-date information on the epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBsAg) infection among pregnant women in Africa. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews. The Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and African journals online were searched to identify relevant studies published between January 1, 2015, and May 21, 2024, on hepatitis B virus infection in pregnant women living in Africa. The Joanna Briggs Institute tool was used to assess the methodological qualities of the included studies. The random effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of HBV infection. I2 assessed the amount of heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed using Egger’s test and a funnel plot. Results We included 91 studies from 28 African countries. The pooled prevalence of hepatitis B infection among pregnant women in Africa was 5.89% (95% CI: 5.26–6.51%), with significant heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 97.71%, p Læs mere Tjek på PubMed20 Cost-benefit analysis of serological and nucleic acid testing for hepatitis B virus in blood donors in southern China
BMC Infectious Diseases, 5.09.2024 Tilføjet 5.09.2024 Abstract Background Most Chinese blood centers have implemented mini pool (MP) HBV nucleic acid testing (NAT) together with HBsAg ELISA in routine blood donor screening for HBV infection since 2015, and a few centers upgraded MP to individual donation (ID) NAT screening recently, raising urgent need for cost-benefit analysis of different screening strategies. In an effort to prevent transfusion-transmitted infections (TTIs) for HBV, cost-benefit analyses of three different screening strategies: HBsAg alone, HBsAg plus MP NAT and HBsAg plus ID NAT were performed in blood donors from southern China where HBV infection was endemic. Methods MP-6 HBV NAT and ID NAT were adopted in parallel to screen blood donors for further comparative analysis. On the basis of screening data and the documented parameters, the number of window period (WP) infection, HBV acute infection, chronic hepatitis B infection (CHB) and occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) was evaluated, and the potential prevented HBV TTIs and benefits of these three strategies were predicted based on cost-benefit analysis by an estimation model. Results Of 132,323 donations, the yield rate for HBsAg-/DNA + screened by ID NAT (0.12%) was significantly higher than that by MP NAT (0.058%, P Læs mere Tjek på PubMed |
Glasgow, Skotland
Søndag d. 10. november
Fredericia
Torsdag d. 14. november
The Liver Meeting (AASLD) 2025
San Diego, Californien, USA
Fredag d. 15. november
European Scientific Conference on Applied Infectious Disease Epidemiology (ESCAIDE) 2024
Online og Stockholm, Sverige
Onsdag d. 20. november
Flåtoverførte infektioner i Danmark (2024)
Auditorium 2, Rigshospitalet, København
Onsdag d. 20. november
COVID-19 retningslinje (2024v30)
Tilføjet 28. oktober 2024
Tilføjet 27. oktober 2024
Tilføjet 22. oktober 2024
Retningslinjer for screening og profylakse før behandling med biologiske lægemidler (2023)
Tilføjet 9. januar 2024
Antiretroviral behandling af HIV-smittede personer (2024)
Tilføjet 9. januar 2024
Malaria Journal
Tilføjet 9. november 2024
Infection
Tilføjet 9. november 2024
[Review] WHO global research priorities for antimicrobial resistance in human health
Lancet Microbe
Tilføjet 8. november 2024
At the mercy of the AI algorithm – discrepant PCR results
Journal of Infectious Diseases
Tilføjet 8. november 2024
Persistent vaccine-elicited humoral immune imprinting in Tibetans: a matched cohort study in Tibet
Clinical Microbiology and Infection
Tilføjet 8. november 2024
Cow's Milk Containing Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus - Heat Inactivation and Infectivity in Mice.
Udvalgt og kommenteret af Professor Lars Østergaard
Tilføjet 9. juni 2024
Udvalgt og kommenteret af Professor Troels Lillebæk
Tilføjet 29. november 2023
Hydrocortisone in Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia.
Udvalgt og kommenteret af Professor Lars Østergaard
Tilføjet 27. september 2023
Randomized Trial of BCG Vaccine to Protect against Covid-19 in Health Care Workers.
Udvalgt og kommenteret af Professor Niels Obel
Tilføjet 27. september 2023
Udvalgt og kommenteret af Professor Troels Lillebæk
Tilføjet 22. september 2023
COVID-19 retningslinje (2024v30)
Uploadet 28. oktober 2024
Uploadet 13. maj 2021
Akut bakteriel meningitis (2018)
Uploadet 12. maj 2021
Guidelines for diagnostik og behandling af spondylodiskitis (2018)
Uploadet 12. maj 2021
Urinstix som klinisk beslutningsstøtte (2024)
Uploadet 20. september 2024