Guidelines 1 Screening før behandling med biologiske og målrettede syntetiske lægemidler (2023)
Bilag til Retningslinjer for screening og profylakse før behandling med biologiske lægemidler (2023) 2 Retningslinjer for screening og profylakse før behandling med biologiske lægemidler (2023)
Omhandler biologiske og målrettede syntetiske lægemidler (BMSL) til patienter i forhold til risiko for tuberkulose (TB), Humant Papillom Virus (HPV), Hepatitis B og C (HBV og HCV), Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV), Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) og Humant Immundefekt Virus (HIV) og øvrige infektioner. Vejledningen er udarbejdet af repræsentanter fra Dansk Selskab for Gastroenterologi og Hepatologi (DSGH), Dansk Reumatologisk Selskab (DRS), Dansk Dermatologisk Selskab (DDS) og Dansk Selskab for Infektionsmedicin (DSI). 3 Antiretroviral behandling af HIV-smittede personer (2024)
Udarbejdet af DSI's arbejdsgruppe vedrørende antiretroviral terapi 4 Tuberkuloseinfektion hos immunsupprimerede (2023)
Denne vejledning omhandler vurdering og behandling af tuberkuloseinfektion hos voksne, som skal behandles med immunsupprimerende medicin i form af f.eks TNF-α hæmmere eller andre immunsupprimerende biologiske lægemidler, hvor der er øget risiko for tuberkulosereaktivering. Guideline dækker ikke børn, personer med medfødt immundefekt, HIV positive, patienter i dialyse, patienter med dysreguleret diabetes, silicose, erhvervede immundefekter eller patienter i konventionel kortvarig kemoterapi. Denne guideline omhandler ikke klassisk smitteopsporing blandt tuberkuloseeksponerede eller udredning på mistanke om aktiv tuberkulose. 5 Stikuheld og anden blodeksposition (2020)
Revideret september 2020. Arbejdsgruppen bestod af Suzanne Lunding (formand), Peer Brehm Christensen, Christian Erikstrup, Terese L. Katzenstein, Henrik Krarup, Alex Lund Laursen, Birgitte Mørn og Nina Weis 6 HIV-behandling af gravide (2021)
Arbejdsgruppen bestod af: Jan Gerstoft, Ann-Brit Eg Hansen, Gitte Kronborg, Jens D. Lundgren, Henrik I. Nielsen, Olav Ditlevsen Larsen, Niels Obel og Alex Laursen 7 Pre-exposure profylakse mod HIV (2021)
Fællesregional retningslinje for udlevering af forebyggende medicin mod HIV (PrEP), udgivet af Danske Regioner. 8 HIV post exposure profylakse (PEP) 2020
Version: 3. Endelig guideline: 01.09.2020. Guideline skal revideres senest: 01.09.2023 Arbejdsgruppens medlemmer: Peer Brehm Christensen, Christian Erikstrup, Jan Gerstoft, Terese Katzenstein, Alex Laursen, Suzanne Lunding, Birgitte Mørn og Nina Weis. Links 1 Medicinrådets behandlingsvejledning om HIV
2 Medicin.dk om behandling af HIV
3 EACS European Guidelines for treatment of HIV-positive adults
4 Region Hovedstadens vejledning om rådgivning ved positiv HIV-test
5 Region Hovedstadens vejledning om behandling af HIV hos voksne patienter herunder gravide og det nyfødte barn
6 Infektionsmedicinsk afdelings (Rigshospitalet) instruks om HIV
7 Infektionsmedicinsk afdelings (Hvidovre) instruks om HIV
Nye artikler 1 Incidence and influencing factors related to social isolation among HIV/AIDS patients: Protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Qiao Wu, Jiarong Tan, Shu Chen, Jiayi Wang, Xiaogang Liao, Lingling Jiang PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 26.07.2024 Tilføjet 26.07.2024 by Qiao Wu, Jiarong Tan, Shu Chen, Jiayi Wang, Xiaogang Liao, Lingling Jiang Background People living with HIV (PLWH) are susceptible to social isolation as a result of stigma and discrimination, which not only diminishes adherence to antiretroviral therapy but also heightens the risks of hospital readmission, depression, and mortality. However, there is currently no systematic review addressing the occurrence and impact of social isolation in individuals with HIV. Therefore, this study undertook a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of existing literature to examine the prevalence and influencing factors associated with social isolation among PLWH. Methods and analysis PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Google Scholar, China Science and Technology Journal Database, The China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang Data and Chinese Biomedicine Literature Database will be searched from the establishment of the database to the latest search date. Literature screening, data extraction and literature quality assessment will be done independently by two researchers and results will be cross-referenced. Data analysis will be performed using stata15.1 software. Risk of publication bias will be assessed using Begg’s and Egger’s methods. Heterogeneity between studies will then be assessed using the I2 index and its 95% CI and Q statistics. Sources of heterogeneity will be accounted for by subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Results The results may reveal the prevalence of social isolation among PLWH and provide data support for understanding its etiology and prevention. Conclusion By systematically reviewing the existing literature on social isolation among PLWH, this study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the prevalence of social isolation within this population, elucidate the detrimental effects it poses for people affected by HIV, and effectively inform targeted interventions for high-risk groups. Furthermore, these findings offer valuable insights to support evidence-based decision-making in public health policy. Systematic review registration PROSPERO registration number: CRD42024499044 Læs mere Tjek på PubMed2 Evaluating the delivery of care by telemedicine for incarcerated people living with HIV: a cohort study
BMC Infectious Diseases, 25.07.2024 Tilføjet 25.07.2024 Abstract Background The use of telemedicine has grown significantly since the COVID-19 pandemic and has the potential to improve access to specialized care for otherwise underserved populations. Incarcerated people living with HIV (PLWH) could potentially benefit from expanded access to HIV care through telemedicine. Methods All PLWH who were incarcerated within the Tennessee Department of Corrections and received care through the HIV telemedicine clinic at Regional One Hospital between 5/1/2019 through 2/28/2022 were identified from the electronic health records (EHR). Demographics, laboratory data, vaccine history, and treatment outcomes were abstracted from the EHR. Retention in care and viral suppression were defined using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definitions. Results Of the 283 incarcerated PLWH receiving care from this telemedicine clinic, 78% remained retained in care and 94% achieved or maintaining viral suppression at 12 months. Many preventative care measures remained unperformed or undocumented, including vaccinations and testing for concurrent sexually transmitted infections. There were 56 patients (20%) found to have chronic hepatitis C in this population, with 71% either cured or still on treatment in this study period. Conclusions Retention in care and viral suppression rates were excellent among incarcerated PLWH receiving telemedicine care for their HIV. HIV related primary health care screenings and vaccinations, however, were less consistently documented and represent areas for improvement. Læs mere Tjek på PubMed3 Adjunctive Single-Dose Liposomal Amphotericin to Prevent Cryptococcal Meningitis in People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)–Associated Cryptococcal Antigenemia and Low Plasma Cryptococcal Antigen (CrAg) Titers
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 25.07.2024 Tilføjet 25.07.2024 Abstract Background Cryptococcal meningitis is a leading cause of AIDS-related mortality. Cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) predicts the development of meningitis. Historically, despite standard- of-care fluconazole, 25%–30% of asymptomatic CrAg-positive persons develop breakthrough meningitis or death. We evaluated whether adding single high-dose liposomal amphotericin B to standard pre-emptive fluconazole therapy could improve meningitis-free survival.Methods Participants with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and asymptomatic cryptococcal antigenemia in Uganda were randomized to liposomal amphotericin B (10 mg/kg once) with fluconazole or fluconazole alone through 24 weeks. We compared 24-week, meningitis-free survival time between treatment groups. After the second interim review, the Data Safety and Monitoring Board recommended no further enrollment of participants with low plasma CrAg lateral flow assay titers (≤1:80) due to futility. Herein, we present the results of participants with low plasma CrAg titers.Results 168 participants enrolled into the ACACIA trial had low plasma CrAg titers (≤1:80). During 24 weeks of follow-up, meningitis or death occurred in 14.5% (12/83) of participants randomized to liposomal amphotericin B with fluconazole versus 10.6% (9/85) assigned to fluconazole alone (hazard ratio, 1.42; 95% CI, .60–3.36; P = .431). Adverse events were more frequent in participants assigned to the intervention versus standard-of-care (28% vs 12%; P = .011).Conclusions Among CrAg-positive persons with low titers (≤1:80), the addition of single-dose liposomal amphotericin B to fluconazole as pre-emptive therapy provided no additional clinical benefit. This trial provides supportive evidence that, in asymptomatic populations with low plasma CrAg titers, lumbar punctures are likely unnecessary as administration of meningitis treatment did not improve outcomes.Clinical Trials Registration Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT03945448). Læs mere Tjek på PubMed4 HIV-Associated Tuberculosis
C. Corey Hardin, Graeme Meintjes, and Gary MaartensFrom the Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital (G. Meintjes), and the Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine (G. Meintjes, G. Maartens), and the Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine (G. Maartens), University of Cape Town — all in Cape Town, South Africa; and Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom (G. Meintjes). New England Journal of Medicine, 25.07.2024 Tilføjet 25.07.2024 New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 391, Issue 4, Page 343-355, July 25, 2024. Læs mere Tjek på PubMed5 Twice-Yearly Lenacapavir or Daily F/TAF for HIV Prevention in Cisgender Women
Linda-Gail Bekker, Moupali Das, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, Khatija Ahmed, Joanne Batting, William Brumskine, Katherine Gill, Ishana Harkoo, Manjeetha Jaggernath, Godfrey Kigozi, Noah Kiwanuka, Philip Kotze, Limakatso Lebina, Cheryl E. Louw, Moelo Malahleha, Mmatsie Manentsa, Leila E. Mansoor, Dhayendre Moodley, Vimla Naicker, Logashvari Naidoo, Megeshinee Naidoo, Gonasagrie Nair, Nkosiphile Ndlovu, Thesla Palanee-Phillips, Ravindre Panchia, Saresha Pillay, Disebo Potloane, Pearl Selepe, Nishanta Singh, Yashna Singh, Elizabeth Spooner, Amy M. Ward, Zwelethu Zwane, Ramin Ebrahimi, Yang Zhao, Alexander Kintu, Chris Deaton, Christoph C. Carter, Jared M. Baeten, and Flavia Matovu Kiweewathe PURPOSE 1 Study Team*From the Desmond Tutu HIV Centre (L.-G.B., K.G., G.N., Y.S.) and the Department of Medicine, Vuka Research Clinic (A.M.W.), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, the Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (Q.A.K.), Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa, University of KwaZulu-Natal (I.H., L.E.M., D.M., M.N., D.P.), the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Wits Maternal, Adolescent, and Child Health Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand (M.J.), Africa Health Research Institute (L.L.), and the HIV and Other Infectious Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council (V.N., L.N., S.P., N.S., E.S.), Durban, Setshaba Research Centre, Tshwane City (K.A.), the Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria (K.A.), and the Aurum Institute, Pretoria Clinical Research Site (Z.Z.), Pretoria, the Foundation for Professional Development, Ndevana Community Research Site (J.B.), and Synergy Biomed Research Institute (M. Malahleha), East London, the Clinical Research Division, the Aurum Institute, Rustenburg (W.B.), Qhakaza Mbokodo Research Clinic (P.K.) and La Verna Hospital (P.K.), Ladysmith, Madibeng Centre for Research, Brits (C.E.L.), the Aurum Institute (M. Manentsa) and Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand (N.N., T.P.-P.), Johannesburg, the Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Kliptown–Aeroton Clinical Research Site, University of the Witwatersrand, Soweto (R.P.), and the Aurum Institute, Klerksdorp Clinical Research Site, Klerksdorp (P.S.) — all in South Africa; Gilead Sciences, Foster City, CA (M.D., R.E., Y.Z., A.K., C.C.C., J.M.B.); the Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York (Q.A.K.); the Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville (W.B.); Africa Medical and Behavioral Sciences Organization, Kalisizo (G.K.), the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Makerere University School of Public Health (N.K., F.M.K.), and Makerere University–Johns Hopkins University Research Collaboration (F.M.K.), Kampala — all in Uganda; the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle (T.P.-P.); and Gilead Sciences, Cambridge, United Kingdom (C.D.). New England Journal of Medicine, 25.07.2024 Tilføjet 25.07.2024 6 Features of HIV Infection in the Context of Long-Acting Cabotegravir Preexposure Prophylaxis
Raphael J. LandovitzUniversity of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA rlandovitz@mednet.ucla.edu, Sinead Delany-MoretlweUniversity of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa, Jessica M. Fogel, Susan H. Eshleman, Mark A. Marzinke, Estelle Piwowar-Manning, and Paul RichardsonJohns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, Elias K. Halvas, and John W. MellorsUniversity of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, Deborah PersaudJohns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, Ryan KofronUniversity of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, Marybeth McCauley, and Scott RoseFHI 360, Durham, NC, Alex R. RinehartViiV Healthcare, Research Triangle Park, NC, James F. RooneyGilead Sciences, Foster City, CA, Adeola AdeyeyeNational Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, Myron S. CohenUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, Deborah DonnellFred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, Mina C. HosseinipourUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, Beatriz GrinsztejnInstituto de Pesquisa Clinica Evandro Chagas–Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazilfor the HPTN 083 and 084 Study Teams New England Journal of Medicine, 25.07.2024 Tilføjet 25.07.2024 7 The impact of diabetes mellitus on HIV virologic control: results of the MACS/WIHS combined cohort study
Mann, Sarah C.; Tong, Weiqun; Abraham, Alison G.; Palella, Frank; Sharma, Anjali; Tien, Phyllis C.; Fischl, Margaret A.; Mcfarlane, Samy I.; Lahiri, Cecile D.; Koletar, Susan; Merenstein, Daniel; Floris-Moore, Michelle; Lake, Jordan E.; Daubert, Elizabeth; Hickman, Aubri; Brown, Todd T.; Castillo-Mancilla, Jose AIDS, 25.07.2024 Tilføjet 25.07.2024 Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with lower antiretroviral (ART) drug exposure among persons with HIV (PWH) compared to PWH without DM. The association between DM and virologic control in PWH, however, remains unknown. Methods: We included participants in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study/Women\'s Interagency HIV Study Combined Cohort Study (MWCCS) who had initiated ART between 1999 and 2020 and had a suppressed HIV viral load (≤200 copies/mL) within 1 year of ART initiation. We compared the frequency of incident HIV viremia (HIV-1 RNA >200 copies/mL) between adult PWH with and without DM. Poisson regression was used to examine the rate of incident viremia based on the diagnosis of DM among PWH. DM was defined as two consecutive fasting glucose measurements ≥126 mg/dL, use of anti-diabetic medications, pre-existing DM diagnosis, or a confirmed HbA1c >6.5%. Results: 1,061 women (112 with DM, 949 without DM) and 633 men (41 with DM, and 592 without DM) were included in the analysis. The relative rate (RR) of incident HIV viremia for women with HIV and DM was lower when compared to women without DM (0.85 [95% CI: 0.72–0.99]; p = 0.04). The RR of incident viremia for women with uncontrolled DM (HbA1c>7.5%) was higher when compared to women with controlled DM (HbA1c Læs mere Tjek på PubMed8 Elevated stress-responsive biomarkers are associated with HIV acquisition in young women in rural South Africa: A HPTN 068 case cohort study
Stoner, Marie C.D.; Kelly, Nicole K.; Gomez-Olive, F. Xavier; Mall, Sumaya; Wagner, Danielle; Aiello, Allison E.; Bhushan, Nivedita; Kahn, Kathleen; Pettifor, Audrey E. AIDS, 25.07.2024 Tilføjet 25.07.2024 Objective: Biological markers of stress have been associated with HIV progression and pathogenesis but not with HIV incidence. We sought to determine if elevated stress-responsive biomarkers would be associated with incident HIV among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW). Design: We conducted a case-cohort study within the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 068 study among 949 AGYW in South Africa. Cases were AGYW who tested HIV-positive during the eight-year follow-up. Unmatched controls were randomly selected from the HIV-negative population at enrollment. Methods: Dried blood spots from cases and controls were tested from enrollment (2011-2012) for C-reactive protein (CRP), herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) antibody titers, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibody titers. Cox proportional hazards models estimated the association between each biomarker and time to incident HIV. Results: Compared to AGYW with the lowest CRP levels, those with medium and high CRP levels had a higher hazard ratio (HR) of incident HIV (HR: 1.45, 95% CI: 0.95, 2.21; HR: 1.50, 95% CI: 0.98,2.30, respectively), although not statistically significant. The relative hazard of incident HIV was also higher among AGYW who were CMV seropositive vs. seronegative (low antibodies HR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.2,3.87; medium HR: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.28,3.95; high HR: 1.78, 95% CI: 0.99,3.21). Those with the highest HSV-1 antibody levels experienced an increased hazard of HIV compared to those who were HSV-1 seronegative (HR: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.03,2.44). Conclusions: Biological stress may increase AGYW\'s susceptibility to HIV acquisition through changes in immune function, viral infection, and increased biological vulnerability to disease. Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. Læs mere Tjek på PubMed9 Preterm birth among women living with HIV: impact of preconception cART initiation
Duffy, Cassandra R.; Herlihy, Julie M.; Zulu, Ethan; Mwananyanda, Lawrence; Forman, Leah; Heeren, Tim; Gill, Christopher J.; Harper, Megan; Chilengi, Roma; Chavuma, Roy; Payne-Lohman, Barbara; Thea, Donald M. AIDS, 25.07.2024 Tilføjet 25.07.2024 Objective: To examine the risk of preterm birth (PTB) and small for gestational age (SGA) among women living with HIV compared to women without HIV. Secondary objectives were to explore the role of maternal immune activation (IA) and effect of cART timing on these outcomes. Design: Prospective observational cohort. Setting: Urban government-run clinic at Chawama Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia. Participants: 1481 women with and without HIV with singleton pregnancies enrolled before 26 weeks’ gestation by ultrasound dating. Methods: From August 2019 to November 2022, pregnant women were enrolled in a 1:1 ratio of HIV infection. Maternal baseline clinical factors were collected, as well as CD4, viral load and CD8 T-cell IA in women with HIV. Birth outcomes were also collected. The association of HIV-exposure and cART timing on outcomes was assessed by multivariable logistic regression. The independent role of IA was determined by mediation analysis. Main outcome measures: PTB ( Læs mere Tjek på PubMed10 Aging with HIV – An Epidemiological Profile of Persons with Diagnosed HIV Aged 50 Years and Older in New York State, 2012-2021
Wang, Zhengyan; Patterson, Wendy; Rajulu, Deepa T. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 24.07.2024 Tilføjet 24.07.2024 Background: Advanced antiretroviral treatment has led to a growing population of older persons with HIV. To understand the characteristics of persons aging with HIV, this analysis examines epidemiological profiles of persons with diagnosed HIV through 2021 aged 50 and older in New York State. Methods: Persons diagnosed with HIV and reported to the NYS HIV registry by December 31, 2021 were included in the analysis. Characteristics of persons aged 50 years and older were compared to persons aged less than 50 years. Results: Persons diagnosed with HIV and aged 50 and older more often reported heterosexual transmission risk and were more often females than individuals diagnosed with HIV under age 50. Among new diagnoses in 2021, persons aged 50 and older were more likely to have a stage 3 HIV diagnosis. By the end of 2021, 57% of persons living with diagnosed HIV were aged 50 and older. There was an upward trend of deaths with cardiovascular disease as an underlying cause of death among persons aged 50 years and older. Conclusions: More females diagnosed with HIV and a higher percent of persons who reported heterosexual transmission risk among persons aged 50 and older suggest a need for enhanced clinician education and sexual health discussions with this adult population. A greater rate of stage 3 HIV diagnoses in persons aged 50 and older emphasizes the need for specialized HIV testing and treatment, care for comorbidities, and social supports for this aging population. Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. Læs mere Tjek på PubMed11 Characterising HIV acquisition risk, treatment gaps and populations reached through venue-based outreach and clinical services in Blantyre, Malawi: findings from a district-wide CLOVE Study
Singogo, Emmanuel; Weir, Sharon S; Kudowa, Evaristar; Chagomerana, Maganizo; Chapola, John; Edwards, Jessie K.; Banda, Confidence; Kawalazira, Gift; Kamgwira, Yohane; Jahn, Andreas; Bourdin, Sarah; Hartney, Thomas; Platt, Lucy; Rice, Brian; Hargreaves, James R; Hosseinipour, Mina C.; CLOVE Study Group Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 24.07.2024 Tilføjet 24.07.2024 Background: In 2017, Blantyre district had the highest adult HIV prevalence in Malawi (17.7%) and lowest viral suppression (60%). In response, the Ministry of Health expanded prevention and treatment services. We assessed whether outreach to social venues could identify individuals with increased HIV acquisition risk or with unsuppressed HIV not currently reached by clinic-based services. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional bio-behavioral survey in Blantyre, Malawi, from January to March 2022. We visited social venues where people meet new sexual partners and government clinics providing HIV testing or STI screening. Participants aged > 15 years were interviewed, and tested for HIV infection if not on ART. HIV recency tests were performed on those testing positive, and dried blood spots (DBS) was collected to quantify viral load and also to identify acute infection in those with HIV- results. Results: HIV prevalence (18.5% vs 8.3%) and unsuppressed HIV infection (3.9% vs 1.7%) were higher among venue-recruited (n=1802) compared with clinic-recruited participants(n=2313). Among PLHIV at both clinics (n=199) and venues (n=289), 79% were virally suppressed. Few had acute(n=1) or recent infection(n=8). Among women, HIV prevalence was four times higher (38.9% venue vs 8.9% clinic). At clinics, PLHIV reporting visiting venues were less likely to be suppressed (54.6 vs 82.6%). More men at venues than at clinics reported paying for sex (49% vs 30%) or having multiple sex partners in the past 4 weeks (32% vs 16%). Conclusions: Enhanced venue-based prevention and testing for men and women could reduce treatment lapses, HIV treatment outcomes and reduce onward transmission. Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. Læs mere Tjek på PubMed12 The CH1 domain influences the expression and antigen sensing of the HIV-specific CH31 IgM-BCR and IgG-BCR
Yaneth OrtizKara AnastiAdvaiti K. PaneKenneth CroninS. Munir AlamMichael RethaDepartment of Molecular Immunology, Biology III, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, GermanybFaculty of Biology, Signalling Research Centers Centre for Integrative Biological Signalling Studies and Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, GermanycDepartment of Medicine & Pathology, Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27703dDeparment of Medicine and Pathology, Duke University, Durham NC 27703 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: Immunology and Inflammation, 24.07.2024 Tilføjet 24.07.2024 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 121, Issue 31, July 2024. Læs mere Tjek på PubMed13 Population pharmacokinetics of rifabutin among HIV/TB co-infected children on lopinavir/ritonavir-based antiretroviral therapy
Manna Semere GebreyesusRoeland E. WasmannHelen McIlleronRegina OladokunProsper OkonkwoLubbe WiesnerPaolo DentiHolly E. Rawizza1Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa2Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria3APIN Public Health Initiatives (APIN), Abuja, Nigeria4Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA5Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USAAndreas H. Groll Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 23.07.2024 Tilføjet 23.07.2024 14 Evaluating the delivery of care by telemedicine for incarcerated people living with HIV: a cohort study
BMC Infectious Diseases, 23.07.2024 Tilføjet 23.07.2024 Abstract Background The use of telemedicine has grown significantly since the COVID-19 pandemic and has the potential to improve access to specialized care for otherwise underserved populations. Incarcerated people living with HIV (PLWH) could potentially benefit from expanded access to HIV care through telemedicine. Methods All PLWH who were incarcerated within the Tennessee Department of Corrections and received care through the HIV telemedicine clinic at Regional One Hospital between 5/1/2019 through 2/28/2022 were identified from the electronic health records (EHR). Demographics, laboratory data, vaccine history, and treatment outcomes were abstracted from the EHR. Retention in care and viral suppression were defined using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definitions. Results Of the 283 incarcerated PLWH receiving care from this telemedicine clinic, 78% remained retained in care and 94% achieved or maintaining viral suppression at 12 months. Many preventative care measures remained unperformed or undocumented, including vaccinations and testing for concurrent sexually transmitted infections. There were 56 patients (20%) found to have chronic hepatitis C in this population, with 71% either cured or still on treatment in this study period. Conclusions Retention in care and viral suppression rates were excellent among incarcerated PLWH receiving telemedicine care for their HIV. HIV related primary health care screenings and vaccinations, however, were less consistently documented and represent areas for improvement. Læs mere Tjek på PubMed15 Clinical-epidemiological profile and factors associated with viral non-suppression in patients living with HIV/AIDS assisted at the Integrated Treatment Center at the Maputo Military Hospital (CITRA/MMH), 2019 to 2020
BMC Infectious Diseases, 21.07.2024 Tilføjet 21.07.2024 Abstract Background HIV remains a critical global public health challenge. In 2022, it was estimated that approximately 39.0 million people worldwide were living with HIV, and of these, around 29.8 million were receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). The objective was to evaluate the clinical and epidemiological profile and factors associated with viral load (VL) non-suppression in people living with HIV/AIDS at the Maputo Military Hospital (CITRA/MMH). Methods A retrospective cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 9105 people aged 15 years and over. We use secondary data from participants on ART for at least 2 years being followed up between the years 2019–2020 at CITRA/MMH. Those recently enrolled (on ART Læs mere Tjek på PubMed16 Safety and pharmacokinetics of subcutaneous administration of broadly neutralizing anti-HIV-1 monoclonal antibodies (bNAbs), given to HIV-1 exposed, uninfected neonates and infants: study protocol for a phase I trial
BMC Infectious Diseases, 21.07.2024 Tilføjet 21.07.2024 Abstract Background The ambitious goal to eliminate new pediatric HIV infections by 2030 requires accelerated prevention strategies in high-risk settings such as South Africa. One approach could be pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with broadly neutralizing anti-HIV-1 monoclonal antibodies (bNAbs). The aim of our study is to define the optimal dose(s), the ideal combination(s) of bNAbs in terms of potency and breadth, and timing of subcutaneous (SC) administration(s) to prevent breast milk transmission of HIV. Methods Two bNAbs, CAP256V2LS and VRC07-523LS, will be assessed in a sequential and randomized phase I, single-site, single-blind, dose-finding trial. We aim to investigate the 28-day safety and pharmacokinetics (PK) profile of incrementally higher doses of these bNAbs in breastfeeding HIV-1 exposed born without HIV neonates alongside standard of care antiretroviral (ARV) medication to prevent (infants) or treat (mothers) HIV infection. The trial design includes 3 steps and 7 arms (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 6b) with 8 infants in each arm. The first step will evaluate the safety and PK profile of the bNAbs when given alone as a single subcutaneous (SC) administration at increasing mg/kg body weight doses within 96 h of birth: arms 1, 2 and 3 at doses of 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg of CAP256V2LS, respectively; arms 4 and 5 at doses of 20 and 30 mg/kg of VRC07-523LS, respectively. Step two will evaluate the safety and PK profile of a combination of the two bNAbs administered SC at fixed doses within 96 h of birth. Step three will evaluate the safety and PK profile of the two bNAbs administered SC in combination at fixed doses, after 3 months. Arms 1 and 6 will follow sequential recruitment, whereas randomization will occur sequentially between arms (a) 2 & 4 and (b) 3 & 5. Before each randomization, a safety pause will allow review of safety data of the preceding arms. Discussion The results of this trial will guide further studies on bNAbs to prevent breast milk transmission of HIV. Protocol version Version 4.0 dated 15 March 2024. Trial registration Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (PACTR): PACTR202205715278722, 21 April 2022; South African National Clinical Trial Registry (SANCTR): DOH-27–062022-6058. Læs mere Tjek på PubMed17 [Articles] Mosaic HIV-1 vaccine regimen in southern African women (Imbokodo/HVTN 705/HPX2008): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2b trial
Glenda E Gray, Kathryn Mngadi, Ludo Lavreys, Steven Nijs, Peter B Gilbert, John Hural, Ollivier Hyrien, Michal Juraska, Alex Luedtke, Philipp Mann, M Juliana McElrath, Jackline A Odhiambo, Daniel J Stieh, Janine van Duijn, Azwidihwi N Takalani, Wouter Willems, Asa Tapley, Georgia D Tomaras, Johan Van Hoof, Hanneke Schuitemaker, Edith Swann, Dan H Barouch, James G Kublin, Lawrence Corey, Maria G Pau, Susan Buchbinder, Frank Tomaka, Imbokodo/HVTN 705/HPX2008 Study Group Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20.07.2024 Tilføjet 20.07.2024 The heterologous Ad26.Mos4.HIV and clade C gp140 vaccine regimen was safe and well tolerated but did not show efficacy in preventing HIV-1 acquisition in a population of young women in southern Africa at risk of HIV-1. Læs mere Tjek på PubMed18 A long-term stable cold-chain-friendly HIV mRNA vaccine encoding multi-epitope viral protease cleavage site immunogens inducing immunogen-specific protective T cell immunity
Subhra Mandal Jayadri Sekhar Ghosh Saroj Chandra Lohani Miaoyun Zhao Yilun Cheng Rachel Burrack Ma Luo Qingsheng Li a Nebraska Center for Virology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USAb Nebraska Center for Virology, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USAc Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canadad National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada Emerg Microbes Infect, 20.07.2024 Tilføjet 20.07.2024 19 Dietary diversity and nutritional status of adults living with HIV during the COVID-19 era
Kasim Abdulai, Abdul Rauf Alhassan, Safianu Osman Aleboko, Mohammed Doobia Ahmed, Awal Seidu Mohammed, Odei-Asare Fremah Adom, Rhoda Kumah PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 20.07.2024 Tilføjet 20.07.2024 by Kasim Abdulai, Abdul Rauf Alhassan, Safianu Osman Aleboko, Mohammed Doobia Ahmed, Awal Seidu Mohammed, Odei-Asare Fremah Adom, Rhoda Kumah Background The coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought about unique challenges in healthcare and nutrition, particularly for people living with HIV (PLHIV). Understanding their dietary patterns and nutritional status is crucial for developing targeted interventions and improving health outcomes. Therefore, this study assessed the dietary diversity and nutritional status of PLHIV during the COVID-19 era. Methods We adopted a facility-based cross-sectional study design to enroll 220 PLHIV from two hospitals in the Central Region of Ghana. Dietary intakes were assessed using 24-hour recall. Anthropometric and body composition data were collected with a stadiometer and a body composition monitor. Dietary diversity was evaluated using the FAO’s Individual Dietary Diversity Score (IDDS). Data analysis was conducted with SPSS version 20. Significance level was set p-value less than 0.05. Results A significant proportion (33.2%) of PLHIV had low dietary diversity, with the majority (55.5%) categorized as needing dietary improvement. Approximately 2 out of every 10 of the participants were identified as underweight. Participants aged 40 to 59 years were more likely to exhibit higher dietary diversity (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 1.966, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.045–4.987). Participants who consumed meals at least three times daily were more likely to have a high IDDS (AOR = 1.641, 95% CI: 1.221, 8.879). Employed participants (public sector and private sector) were also more likely to have a high IDDS compared to unemployed participants (AOR = 1.448, 95% CI: 1.028–3.042; AOR = 1.165, 95% CI: 1.030–9.329, respectively). Factors associated with undernutrition included being female (AOR = 1.829, 95% CI: 1.294, 3.872) and first-line antiretroviral therapy ART (AOR = 1.683, 95% CI: 1.282–2.424). Conclusion The study emphasizes the need for nutritional interventions for PLHIV, particularly during crises. It advocates for a policy collaboration to address food insecurity and promote resilient health outcomes. Læs mere Tjek på PubMed20 [Perspectives] Beatriz Grinsztejn: leading Brazil's response to HIV
Tony Kirby Lancet, 19.07.2024 Tilføjet 19.07.2024 Amid the cultural and social upheaval of the mid-1980s after Brazil\'s military dictatorship, Beatriz Grinsztejn found her purpose at the intersection of medicine and social justice. Dedicated to health equity, she is an infectious disease physician, researcher, and mentor who has devoted her career to HIV/AIDS prevention and care, advocating fiercely for the rights of those most affected and fighting stigma against the LGBTQIAPN+ community. Læs mere Tjek på PubMed |
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