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Malaria Journal, 19.10.2024
Tilføjet 19.10.2024
Abstract Background Peru is a low-endemic transmission area for malaria, where the majority (84%) of incident malaria cases are localized to the department of Loreto, which is composed of several geographically isolated rural communities. Recent intervention efforts targeting at-risk Indigenous populations that live in riverine communities in Loreto place emphasis on preventive behaviours to decrease transmission. However, malaria related behaviour change is often dependent upon local knowledge, beliefs, and practices, especially in areas where malaria is viewed an embedded and unavoidable aspect of life. Methods This exploratory case study used semi-structured interviews conducted in Spanish between February and March of 2019 to examine the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to malaria prevention among the Indigenous Maijuna people of Sucusari, Loreto, Peru. Participants who consented were also administered a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) upon the time of interview. Results A total of 33 community members were interviewed, and 31 were tested via malaria rapid diagnostic tests, with RDT filter paper subsequently tested using PCR. All test results were negative for malaria. Themes that emerged included: varying knowledge of methods to prevent malaria, reports of observed changes in malaria incidence over time, confusion surrounding malaria transmission, treatment-seeking as a common behaviour, the belief that medications are effective, and the acceptance of bed nets which were viewed as a lifestyle norm. Conclusion These shared narratives should be used as a foundation for further studies and health interventions among communities in the Peruvian Amazon with limited access to health services where culturally resonant, community-based health programming is essential to improving health. Takeaways regarding confusion surrounding malaria transmission should also be considered.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 12.10.2024
Tilføjet 12.10.2024
Abstract Background Candidemia is an invasive mycosis with an increasing global incidence and high mortality rates in cancer patients. The production of biofilms by some strains of Candida constitutes a mechanism that limits the action of antifungal agents; however, there is limited and conflicting evidence about its role in the risk of death. This study aimed to determine whether biofilm formation is associated with mortality in cancer patients with candidemia. Methods This retrospective cohort study included patients treated at Peru’s oncologic reference center between June 2015 and October 2017. Data were collected by monitoring patients for 30 days from the diagnosis of candidemia until the date of death or hospital discharge. Statistical analyses evaluated the association between biofilm production determined by XTT reduction and mortality, adjusting for demographic, clinical, and microbiological factors assessed by the hospital routinary activities. Survival analysis and bivariate and multivariate Cox regression were used, estimating the hazard ratio (HR) as a measure of association with a significance level of p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedNian Zhang, Dinesh Dhumal, Shanny Hsuan Kuo, Shi Qian Lew, Pankaj D. Patil, Raleb Taher, Sanika Vaidya, Christina Galanakou, Abdechakour Elkihel, Myung Whan Oh, Sook Yin Chong, Domenico Marson, Jun Zheng, Oleg Rouvinski, Williams O. Abolarin, Sabrina Pricl, Gee W. Lau, Leo Tsz On Lee, Ling Peng
Science Advances, 26.09.2024
Tilføjet 26.09.2024
Satiti Palupi, Kyaw Ko Ko Htet, Vorthunju Nakhonsri, Chumpol Ngamphiw, Peerapat Khunkham, Sanya Vasoppakarn, Narumol Atthakul, Sissades Tongsima, Chantisa Keeratipusana, Watcharapot Janpoung, Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 11.09.2024
Tilføjet 11.09.2024
by Satiti Palupi, Kyaw Ko Ko Htet, Vorthunju Nakhonsri, Chumpol Ngamphiw, Peerapat Khunkham, Sanya Vasoppakarn, Narumol Atthakul, Sissades Tongsima, Chantisa Keeratipusana, Watcharapot Janpoung, Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong Aims This study aims to compare the trends in the quality of hospital care for WHO’s three disease groups pre-, during, and post-COVID-19 pandemic peak in Thailand. Methods The study utilized existing hospital admission data from the Thai Health Information Portal (THIP) database, covering the period from 2017 to 2022. We categorized WHO’s three disease groups: poverty-related, noncommunicable, and injury groups using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)—10 of initial admission of patients, and we analyzed three major outcomes: prolonged (≥ 90th percentile) length of stay (LOS), hospital mortality, and readmission pre-, during, and post-COVID-19 pandemic peak. Relative weight (RW) of hospital reimbursements was used as a surrogate measure of the severity of the diseases. Results The average prolonged LOS of patients with poverty disease pre-, during, and post-COVID-19 pandemic peak were 7.1%, 10.8%, 9.05%, respectively. Respective hospital mortality rates were 5.02%, 6.22%, 6.05% and readmission were 6.98/1,000, 6.16/1,000, 5.43/1,000, respectively. For non-communicable diseases, the respective proportions in the prolonged LOS were 9.0%, 9.12%, and 7.58%, with respective hospital mortality being 10.65%, 8.86%, 6.62%, and readmissions were 17.79/1,000, 13.94/1,000, 13.19/1,000, respectively. The respective prolonged LOS for injuries were 8.75%, 8.55%, 8.25%. Meanwhile, respective hospital mortality were 4.95%, 4.05%, 3.20%, and readmissions were 1.99/1,000, 1.60/1,000, 1.48/1,000, respectively. The RW analysis reveals diverse impacts on resource utilization and costs. Most poverty-related and noncommunicable diseases indicate increased resource requirements and associated costs, except for HIV/AIDS and diabetes mellitus, showing mixed trends. In injuries, road traffic accidents consistently decrease resource needs and costs, but suicide cases show mixed trends. Conclusions COVID-19 had a more serious impact, especially prolonged LOS and hospital mortality for poverty-related diseases more than noncommunicable diseases and injuries.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMalaria Journal, 11.09.2024
Tilføjet 11.09.2024
Abstract Background Malaria is a major public health issue in Guinea and care-seeking behaviour is dominated by self-medication and delayed access to appropriate care. However early and appropriate care-seeking are essential to control and reduce complicate forms and mortality, particularly for the most vulnerable. This study was conducted to analyse the diagnostic pathway, and the factors associated with early and appropriate care-seeking for malaria patients in the Republic of Guinea. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out between December 2022 to March 2023 in nine health districts within health facilities and at community level. The study population was confirmed malaria patients with RDT or microscopy. Kroeger’s conceptual framework was used to design the questionnaire. Conventional recourse was defined as using a healthcare facility or community services, early and appropriate care-seeking was defined as within 24 h of symptom onset in a conventional recourse, and care pathway as the sequence of recourses followed by each patient. Sankey alluvial plots were used to represent patients\' diagnostic pathways, and logistic regression to identify factors associated with early and appropriate care-seeking. Results A total of 3300 malaria patients were studied, of which 1632 (49.45%) were female and 1132 (34.30%) were under 5 years of age, with a median age of 23 months. At the time of the survey, 1337 (40.52%), 1423 (43.12%), and 437 (13.85%) of patients were respectively in their first, second and third recourse. A total of 2002 (60.67%) patients had sought care from a conventional recourse as a first line. Of all patients, 1757 (53.25%) had sought care within 24 h, while 28.55% had sought early and appropriate care. In the initial stages of treatment, self-medication was the most common approach, used by 1214 (37.30%). Patients from the health districts of Boffa (Lower Guinea, coastal region) OR = 0.48 95% CI 0.33–0.70, Dabola (Upper Guinea, savanna region) OR = 0.43 95% CI 0.30–0.63 and Labe (Middle Guinea, mountain region) OR = 0.63 CI 95% 0.43–0.91 (p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAkshay Binayke, Aymaan Zaheer, Siddhesh Vishwakarma, Priyanka Sharma, Jyotsna Dandotiya, Sreevatsan Raghavan, Mudita Gosain, Savita Singh, Souvick Chattopadhyay, Jyotsana Kaushal, Upasna Madan, Pallavi Kshetrapal, Gaurav Batra, Nitya Wadhwa, Anil Kumar Pandey, Shinjini Bhatnagar, Pramod Kumar Garg, Amit Awasthi
Journal of Medical Virology, 23.08.2024
Tilføjet 23.08.2024
Irfan Raza, Perveiz Khalid, Muhammad Irfan Ehsan, Qazi Adnan Ahmad, Shahzada Khurram, Rabia Zainab, Salman Farooq
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 15.08.2024
Tilføjet 15.08.2024
by Irfan Raza, Perveiz Khalid, Muhammad Irfan Ehsan, Qazi Adnan Ahmad, Shahzada Khurram, Rabia Zainab, Salman Farooq This study seeks to assess the hydrogeochemical characteristics of groundwater in the southern part of Thal Desert of Pakistan. The primary focus lies in identifying potential sources of contamination and evaluating their impact on groundwater and the ecosystem. Groundwater samples were collected from diverse sources including shallow hand pumps, tubewells, and dug wells, with depths ranging from 11 to 28 m. A comprehensive analysis was performed to scrutinize the physical, chemical, and microbial attributes of the samples. Utilizing visual aids like the Piper, Durov, and Gibbs diagrams, as well as Pearson correlation, scatter plots, Schoeller diagrams, and pie charts, the study evaluated the groundwater quality and its suitability for consumption. Results indicate that mineral infiltration from rainfall, domestic waste, and industrial effluents significantly affects groundwater quality, leading to widespread salinity. Weathering processes and ion exchange were identified as key factors contributing to elevate levels of bicarbonates, sodium, magnesium, and chloride ions. Employing the Water Quality Index (WQI) on 40 groundwater samples, findings reveal that 52.5% of samples demonstrated poor to not suitable quality, with 27.5% categorized as poor, 2.5% as very poor, and 22.5% not suitable consumption. Conversely, 47.5% of samples showcased good to excellent quality, with 25% rated as good and 22.5% as excellent. These findings provide valuable insights for hydrogeologists to develop appropriate strategies for water treatment and address any concerns related to groundwater quality.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 6.08.2024
Tilføjet 6.08.2024
Abstract Background Albendazole (ABZ) and atovaquone (ATO) achieve killing efficacy on Echinococcus granulosus (Egs) by inhibiting energy metabolism, but their utilization rate is low. This study aims to analyze the killing efficacy of ABZ-ATO loading nanoparticles (ABZ-ATO NPs) on Egs. Methods Physicochemical properties of NPs were evaluated by ultraviolet spectroscopy and nanoparticle size potentiometer. In vitro experiments exmianed the efficacy of ATO, ABZ, or ATO-ABZ NPs on protoscolex activity, drug toxicity on liver cell LO2, ROS production, and energy metabolism indexes (lactic dehydrogenase, lactic acid, pyruvic acid, and ATP). In vivo of Egs-infected mouse model exmianed the efficacy of ATO, ABZ, or ATO-ABZ NPs on vesicle growth and organ toxicity. Results Drug NPs are characterized by uniform particle size, stability, high drug loading, and − 21.6mV of zeta potential. ABZ or ATO NPs are more potent than free drugs in inhibiting protoscolex activity. The protoscolex-killing effect of ATO-ABZ NPs was stronger than that of free drugs. In vivo Egs-infected mice experiment showed that ATO-ABZ NPs reduced vesicle size and could protect various organs. The results of energy metabolism showed that ATO-ABZ NPs significantly increased the ROS level and pyruvic acid content, and decreased lactate dehydrogenase, lactic acid content, and ATP production in the larvae. In addition, ATO-ABZ NPs promoted a decrease in DHODH protein expression in protoscolexes. Conclusion ATO-ABZ NPs exhibits anti-CE in vitro and in vivo, possibly by inhibiting energy production and promoting pyruvic acid aggregation.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 4.08.2024
Tilføjet 4.08.2024
Abstract Background Albendazole (ABZ) and atovaquone (ATO) achieve killing efficacy on Echinococcus granulosus (Egs) by inhibiting energy metabolism, but their utilization rate is low. This study aims to analyze the killing efficacy of ABZ-ATO loading nanoparticles (ABZ-ATO NPs) on Egs. Methods Physicochemical properties of NPs were evaluated by ultraviolet spectroscopy and nanoparticle size potentiometer. In vitro experiments exmianed the efficacy of ATO, ABZ, or ATO-ABZ NPs on protoscolex activity, drug toxicity on liver cell LO2, ROS production, and energy metabolism indexes (lactic dehydrogenase, lactic acid, pyruvic acid, and ATP). In vivo of Egs-infected mouse model exmianed the efficacy of ATO, ABZ, or ATO-ABZ NPs on vesicle growth and organ toxicity. Results Drug NPs are characterized by uniform particle size, stability, high drug loading, and − 21.6mV of zeta potential. ABZ or ATO NPs are more potent than free drugs in inhibiting protoscolex activity. The protoscolex-killing effect of ATO-ABZ NPs was stronger than that of free drugs. In vivo Egs-infected mice experiment showed that ATO-ABZ NPs reduced vesicle size and could protect various organs. The results of energy metabolism showed that ATO-ABZ NPs significantly increased the ROS level and pyruvic acid content, and decreased lactate dehydrogenase, lactic acid content, and ATP production in the larvae. In addition, ATO-ABZ NPs promoted a decrease in DHODH protein expression in protoscolexes. Conclusion ATO-ABZ NPs exhibits anti-CE in vitro and in vivo, possibly by inhibiting energy production and promoting pyruvic acid aggregation.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedLaetitia Gay, Sandra Madariaga Zarza, Perla Abou Atmeh, Marie‐Sarah Rouvière, Jonatane Andrieu, Manon Richaud, Asma Boumaza, Laura Miquel, Aïssatou Bailo Diallo, Yassina Bechah, Myriem Otmani Idrissi, Bernard La Scola, Daniel Olive, Noémie Resseguier, Florence Bretelle, Soraya Mezouar, Jean‐Louis Mege
Journal of Medical Virology, 21.07.2024
Tilføjet 21.07.2024
Malaria Journal, 16.07.2024
Tilføjet 16.07.2024
Abstract Background Malaria remains a global health challenge, particularly in Peru\'s Loreto region. Despite ongoing efforts, high infection rates and asymptomatic cases perpetuate transmission. The Peruvian Ministry of Health’s “Zero Malaria Plan” targets elimination. This novel study combines microscopic, molecular, and serological techniques to assess transmission intensity, identify epidemiological risk factors, and characterize species-specific patterns across villages. The findings aim to inform targeted interventions and support broader malaria elimination efforts in line with the Zero Malaria Plan initiative. Methods A cross-sectional malaria survey was conducted in the Zungarococha community, comprising the villages Llanchama (LL), Ninarumi (NI), Puerto Almendra (PA), and Zungarococha (ZG), using microscopic, molecular, and serological techniques to evaluate malaria transmission intensity. Statistical analysis, including multivariate-adjusted analysis, seroprevalence curves, and spatial clustering analysis, were performed to assess malaria prevalence, exposure, and risk factors. Results The survey revealed a high prevalence of asymptomatic infections (6% by microscopy and 18% by PCR), indicating that molecular methods are more sensitive for detecting asymptomatic infections. Seroprevalence varied significantly between villages, reflecting the heterogeneous malaria transmission dynamics. Multivariate analysis identified age, village, and limited bed net use as significant risk factors for malaria infection and species-specific exposure. Seroprevalence curves demonstrated community-specific patterns, with Llanchama and Puerto Almendra showing the highest seroconversion rates for both Plasmodium species. Conclusions The study highlights the diverse nature of malaria transmission in the Loreto region, particularly nothing the pronounced heterogeneity as transmission rates decline, especially in residual malaria scenarios. The use of molecular and serological techniques enhances the detection of current infections and past exposure, aiding in the identification of epidemiological risk factors. These findings underscore the importance of using molecular and serological tools to characterize malaria transmission patterns in low-endemic areas, which is crucial for planning and implementing targeted interventions and elimination strategies. This is particularly relevant for initiatives like the Zero Malaria Plan in the Peruvian Amazon.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAmerican Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 3.07.2024
Tilføjet 3.07.2024
Journal Name: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Volume: 111 Issue: 1 Pages: 80-88
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedLucrèce Ahovègbé, Rajiv Shah, Aboudou Raïmi Kpossou, Chris Davis, Marc Niebel, Ana Filipe, Emily Goldstein, Khadidjatou S Alassan, René Keke, Jean Sehonou, Nicolas Kodjoh, Sossa Edmond Gbedo, Surajit Ray, Craig Wilkie, Sreenu Vattipally, Lily Tong, Pakoyo F Kamba, S Judith Gbenoudon, Rory Gunson, Patrick Ogwang, Emma C Thomson
Lancet Microbe, 2.07.2024
Tilføjet 2.07.2024
This study revealed a high SVR rate in Benin among individuals treated for HCV with sofosbuvir–velpatasvir, including those with highly diverse viral genotypes. Further studies of treatment effectiveness in genotypes 2d and 2b are indicated.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMalaria Journal, 24.05.2024
Tilføjet 24.05.2024
Abstract Background Plasmodium vivax represents the most geographically widespread human malaria parasite affecting civilian and military populations in endemic areas. Targeting the pre-erythrocytic (PE) stage of the parasite life cycle is especially appealing for developing P. vivax vaccines as it would prevent disease and transmission. Here, naturally acquired immunity to a panel of P. vivax PE antigens was explored, which may facilitate vaccine development and lead to a better understanding of naturally acquired PE immunity. Methods Twelve P. vivax PE antigens orthologous to a panel of P. falciparum antigens previously identified as highly immunogenic in protected subjects after immunization with radiation attenuated sporozoites (RAS) were used for evaluation of humoral and cellular immunity by ELISA and IFN-γ ELISpot. Samples from P. vivax infected individuals (n = 76) from a low endemic malaria region in the Peruvian Amazon Basin were used. Results In those clinical samples, all PE antigens evaluated showed positive IgG antibody reactivity with a variable prevalence of 58–99% in recently P. vivax diagnosed patients. The magnitude of the IgG antibody response against PE antigens was lower compared with blood stage antigens MSP1 and DBP-II, although antibody levels persisted better for PE antigens (average decrease of 6% for PE antigens and 43% for MSP1, p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJean-Michel Molina, Beatrice Bercot, Lambert Assoumou, Emma Rubenstein, Michele Algarte-Genin, Gilles Pialoux, Christine Katlama, Laure Surgers, Cécile Bébéar, Nicolas Dupin, Moussa Ouattara, Laurence Slama, Juliette Pavie, Claudine Duvivier, Benedicte Loze, Lauriane Goldwirt, Severine Gibowski, Manon Ollivier, Jade Ghosn, Dominique Costagliola, ANRS 174 DOXYVAC Study Group
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 24.05.2024
Tilføjet 24.05.2024
Doxycycline PEP strongly reduced the incidence of chlamydia and syphilis in MSM, but we did not show efficacy of the 4CmenB vaccine for gonorrhoea. Doxycycline PEP should be assessed in other populations, such as heterosexual men and women, and its effect on antimicrobial resistance carefully monitored.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedOle Skouvig Pedersen, Tetiana Butova, Natalia Borovok, Oleksandra Akymenko, Nadiya Sapelnik, Oleksandr Tantsura, Vitaliy Knysh, Andreas Fløe, Victor Naestholt Dahl, Dmytro Butov
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 15.05.2024
Tilføjet 15.05.2024
Chest X-ray (CXR) in combination with machine learning (ML)-based prediction models has been proposed as a promising tool to distinguish drug-susceptible from drug-resistant tuberculosis (DS-/DR-TB) [1, 2]. This method builds on the idea that radiological abnormalities differ between patients with pulmonary DR- and DS-TB. Yet, previous studies have yielded conflicting results when comparing CXR findings in clinical practice [3, 4]. These studies have, however, also been limited by relatively small sizes or by including few types of drug resistance.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedYongyut Pewkliang, Piyanoot Thongsri, Phichaya Suthivanich, Nipa Thongbaiphet, Jiraporn Keatkla, Ekawat Pasomsub, Usanarat Anurathapan, Suparerk Borwornpinyo, Adisak Wongkajornsilp, Suradej Hongeng, Khanit Sa-ngiamsuntorn
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 13.05.2024
Tilføjet 13.05.2024
by Yongyut Pewkliang, Piyanoot Thongsri, Phichaya Suthivanich, Nipa Thongbaiphet, Jiraporn Keatkla, Ekawat Pasomsub, Usanarat Anurathapan, Suparerk Borwornpinyo, Adisak Wongkajornsilp, Suradej Hongeng, Khanit Sa-ngiamsuntorn More than 58 million individuals worldwide are inflicted with chronic HCV. The disease carries a high risk of end stage liver disease, i.e., cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Although direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) have revolutionized therapy, the emergence of drug-resistant strains has become a growing concern. Conventional cellular models, Huh7 and its derivatives were very permissive to only HCVcc (JFH-1), but not HCV clinical isolates. The lack of suitable host cells had hindered comprehensive research on patient-derived HCV. Here, we established a novel hepatocyte model for HCV culture to host clinically pan-genotype HCV strains. The immortalized hepatocyte-like cell line (imHC) derived from human mesenchymal stem cell carries HCV receptors and essential host factors. The imHC outperformed Huh7 as a host for HCV (JFH-1) and sustained the entire HCV life cycle of pan-genotypic clinical isolates. We analyzed the alteration of host markers (i.e., hepatic markers, cellular innate immune response, and cell apoptosis) in response to HCV infection. The imHC model uncovered the underlying mechanisms governing the action of IFN-α and the activation of sofosbuvir. The insights from HCV-cell culture model hold promise for understanding disease pathogenesis and novel anti-HCV development.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedOle Skouvig Pedersen, Victor Naestholt Dahl, Søren Sperling, Anders Norman, Troels Lillebaek, Andreas Fløe
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 7.05.2024
Tilføjet 7.05.2024
Establishing the link between a potential occupational tuberculosis (TB) case and an index patient has historically been difficult [1]. During the last two decades, however, the application of continuously improving molecular genotyping techniques for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) has increased our knowledge of transmission events.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAmerican Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2.05.2024
Tilføjet 2.05.2024
Journal Name: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Volume: 110 Issue: 5 Pages: 925-929
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedPhrutsamon Wongnak, William H K Schilling, Podjanee Jittamala, Simon Boyd, Viravarn Luvira, Tanaya Siripoon, Thundon Ngamprasertchai, Elizabeth M Batty, Shivani Singh, Jindarat Kouhathong, Watcharee Pagornrat, Patpannee Khanthagan, Borimas Hanboonkunupakarn, Kittiyod Poovorawan, Mayfong Mayxay, Kesinee Chotivanich, Mallika Imwong, Sasithon Pukrittayakamee, Elizabeth A Ashley, Arjen M Dondorp, Nicholas P J Day, Mauro M Teixeira, Watcharapong Piyaphanee, Weerapong Phumratanaprapin, Nicholas J White, James A Watson, PLATCOV Collaborative Group
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 25.04.2024
Tilføjet 25.04.2024
SARS-CoV-2 viral clearance kinetics in symptomatic, vaccinated individuals accelerated substantially over 2 years of the pandemic, necessitating a change to how new SARS-CoV-2 antivirals are compared (ie, shortening the period of pharmacodynamic assessment). As of writing (October, 2023), antiviral efficacy in COVID-19 can be efficiently assessed in vivo using serial qPCRs from duplicate oropharyngeal swab eluates taken daily for 5 days after drug administration.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedHadil Alahdal, Ghaida Almuneef, Manal Muhammed Alkhulaifi, Omar Aldibasi, Abdulrahman Aljouie, Othman Alharbi, Zakiah Naser Almohawes, Fatemah Basingab, Mokhtar Rejili
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 24.04.2024
Tilføjet 24.04.2024
by Hadil Alahdal, Ghaida Almuneef, Manal Muhammed Alkhulaifi, Omar Aldibasi, Abdulrahman Aljouie, Othman Alharbi, Zakiah Naser Almohawes, Fatemah Basingab, Mokhtar Rejili Crohn’s disease (CD) entails intricate interactions with gut microbiome diversity, richness, and composition. The relationship between CD and gut microbiome is not clearly understood and has not been previously characterized in Saudi Arabia. We performed statistical analysis about various factors influencing CD activity and microbiota dysbiosis, including diagnosis, treatment, and its impact on their quality of life as well as high-throughput metagenomic V3-V4 16S rRNA encoding gene hypervariable region of a total of eighty patients with CD, both in its active and inactive state with healthy controls. The results were correlated with the demographic and lifestyle information, which the participants provided via a questionnaire. α-diversity measures indicated lower bacterial diversity and richness in the active and inactive CD groups compared to the control group. Greater dysbiosis was observed in the active CD patients compared to the inactive form of the disease, showed by a reduction in microbial diversity. Specific pathogenic bacteria such as Filifactor, Peptoniphilus, and Sellimonas were identified as characteristic of CD groups. In contrast, anti-inflammatory bacteria like Defluviitalea, Papillibacter, and Petroclostridium were associated with the control group. Among the various factors influencing disease activity and microbiota dysbiosis, smoking emerged as the most significant, with reduced α-diversity and richness for the smokers in all groups, and proinflammatory Fusobacteria was more present (p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 20.04.2024
Tilføjet 20.04.2024
Abstract Background Vibrio furnissii is an emerging human pathogen closely related to V. fluvialis that causes acute gastroenteritis. V. furnissii infection has been reported to be rarer than V. fluvialis, but a multi-drug resistance plasmid has recently been discovered in V. furnissii. Methods During daily monitoring at a general hospital in Beijing, China, seven V. furnissii strains were collected from patients aged over 14 years who presented with acute diarrhoea between April and October 2018. Genome analysis and comparison were performed for virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes, plasmids and transposon islands, together with phylogenetic analysis. Antimicrobial resistance to 19 antibiotics was investigated using the microbroth dilution method. Virulence phenotypes were investigated based on type VI secretion system (T6SS) expression and using a bacterial killing assay and a haemolysin assay. Results Phylogenetic analysis based on single-nucleotide polymorphisms revealed a closer relationship between V. furnissii and V. fluvialis than between other Vibrio spp. The seven V. furnissii isolates were in different monophyletic clades in the phylogenetic tree, suggesting that the seven cases of gastroenteritis were independent. High resistance to cefazolin, tetracycline and streptomycin was found in the V. furnissii isolates at respective rates of 100.0%, 57.1% and 42.9%, and intermediate resistance to ampicillin/sulbactam and imipenem was observed at respective rates of 85.7% and 85.7%. Of the tested strains, VFBJ02 was resistant to both imipenem and meropenem, while VFBJ01, VFBJ02, VFBJ05 and VFBJ07 were multi-drug resistant. Transposon islands containing antibiotic resistance genes were found on the multi-drug resistance plasmid in VFBJ05. Such transposon islands also occurred in VFBJ07 but were located on the chromosome. The virulence-related genes T6SS, vfh, hupO, vfp and ilpA were widespread in V. furnissii. The results of the virulence phenotype assays demonstrated that our isolated V. furnissii strains encoded an activated T6SS and grew in large colonies with strong beta-haemolysis on blood agar. Conclusion This study showed that diarrhoea associated with V. furnissii occurred sporadically and was more common than expected in the summer in Beijing, China. The antibiotic resistance of V. furnissii has unique characteristics compared with that of V. fluvialis. Fluoroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporins, such as ceftazidime and doxycycline, were effective at treating V. furnissii infection. Continua laboratory-based surveillance is needed for the prevention and control of V. furnissii infection, especially the dissemination of the antibiotic resistance genes in this pathogen.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 20.04.2024
Tilføjet 20.04.2024
Abstract Background Vibrio furnissii is an emerging human pathogen closely related to V. fluvialis that causes acute gastroenteritis. V. furnissii infection has been reported to be rarer than V. fluvialis, but a multi-drug resistance plasmid has recently been discovered in V. furnissii. Methods During daily monitoring at a general hospital in Beijing, China, seven V. furnissii strains were collected from patients aged over 14 years who presented with acute diarrhoea between April and October 2018. Genome analysis and comparison were performed for virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes, plasmids and transposon islands, together with phylogenetic analysis. Antimicrobial resistance to 19 antibiotics was investigated using the microbroth dilution method. Virulence phenotypes were investigated based on type VI secretion system (T6SS) expression and using a bacterial killing assay and a haemolysin assay. Results Phylogenetic analysis based on single-nucleotide polymorphisms revealed a closer relationship between V. furnissii and V. fluvialis than between other Vibrio spp. The seven V. furnissii isolates were in different monophyletic clades in the phylogenetic tree, suggesting that the seven cases of gastroenteritis were independent. High resistance to cefazolin, tetracycline and streptomycin was found in the V. furnissii isolates at respective rates of 100.0%, 57.1% and 42.9%, and intermediate resistance to ampicillin/sulbactam and imipenem was observed at respective rates of 85.7% and 85.7%. Of the tested strains, VFBJ02 was resistant to both imipenem and meropenem, while VFBJ01, VFBJ02, VFBJ05 and VFBJ07 were multi-drug resistant. Transposon islands containing antibiotic resistance genes were found on the multi-drug resistance plasmid in VFBJ05. Such transposon islands also occurred in VFBJ07 but were located on the chromosome. The virulence-related genes T6SS, vfh, hupO, vfp and ilpA were widespread in V. furnissii. The results of the virulence phenotype assays demonstrated that our isolated V. furnissii strains encoded an activated T6SS and grew in large colonies with strong beta-haemolysis on blood agar. Conclusion This study showed that diarrhoea associated with V. furnissii occurred sporadically and was more common than expected in the summer in Beijing, China. The antibiotic resistance of V. furnissii has unique characteristics compared with that of V. fluvialis. Fluoroquinolones and third-generation cephalosporins, such as ceftazidime and doxycycline, were effective at treating V. furnissii infection. Continua laboratory-based surveillance is needed for the prevention and control of V. furnissii infection, especially the dissemination of the antibiotic resistance genes in this pathogen.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMilhan Chaze, Laurent Mériade, Corinne Rochette, Mélina Bailly, Rea Bingula, Christelle Blavignac, Martine Duclos, Bertrand Evrard, Anne Cécile Fournier, Lena Pelissier, David Thivel, on behalf of CAUVIM-19 Group
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 20.04.2024
Tilføjet 20.04.2024
by Milhan Chaze, Laurent Mériade, Corinne Rochette, Mélina Bailly, Rea Bingula, Christelle Blavignac, Martine Duclos, Bertrand Evrard, Anne Cécile Fournier, Lena Pelissier, David Thivel, on behalf of CAUVIM-19 Group Background Work on long COVID-19 has mainly focused on clinical care in hospitals. Thermal spa therapies represent a therapeutic offer outside of health care institutions that are nationally or even internationally attractive. Unlike local care (hospital care, general medicine, para-medical care), their integration in the care pathways of long COVID-19 patients seems little studied. The aim of this article is to determine what place french thermal spa therapies can take in the care pathway of long COVID-19 patients. Methods Based on the case of France, we carry out a geographic mapping analysis of the potential care pathways for long COVID-19 patients by cross-referencing, over the period 2020–2022, the available official data on COVID-19 contamination, hospitalisations in intensive care units and the national offer of spa treatments. This first analysis allows us, by using the method for evaluating the attractiveness of an area defined by David Huff, to evaluate the accessibility of each French department to thermal spas. Results Using dynamic geographical mapping, this study describes two essential criteria for the integration of the thermal spa therapies offer in the care pathways of long COVID-19 patients (attractiveness of spa areas and accessibility to thermal spas) and three fundamental elements for the success of these pathways (continuity of the care pathways; clinical collaborations; adaptation of the financing modalities to each patient). Using a spatial attractiveness method, we make this type of geographical analysis more dynamic by showing the extent to which a thermal spa is accessible to long COVID-19 patients. Conclusion Based on the example of the French spa offer, this study makes it possible to place the care pathways of long COVID-19 patients in a wider area (at least national), rather than limiting them to clinical and local management in a hospital setting. The identification and operationalization of two geographical criteria for integrating a type of treatment such as a spa cure into a care pathway contributes to a finer conceptualization of the construction of healthcare pathways.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMalaria Journal, 20.04.2024
Tilføjet 20.04.2024
Abstract Background In malaria endemic regions of the Peruvian Amazon, rainfall together with river level and breeding site availability drive fluctuating vector mosquito abundance and human malaria cases, leading to temporal heterogeneity. The main variables influencing spatial transmission include location of communities, mosquito behaviour, land use/land cover, and human ecology/behaviour. The main objective was to evaluate seasonal and microgeographic biting behaviour of the malaria vector Nyssorhynchus (or Anopheles) darlingi in Amazonian Peru and to investigate effects of seasonality on malaria transmission. Methods We captured mosquitoes from 18:00 to 06:00 h using Human Landing Catch in two riverine (Lupuna, Santa Emilia) and two highway (El Triunfo, Nuevo Horizonte) communities indoors and outdoors from 8 houses per community, during the dry and rainy seasons from February 2016 to January 2017. We then estimated parity rate, daily survival and age of a portion of each collection of Ny. darlingi. All collected specimens of Ny. darlingi were tested for the presence of Plasmodium vivax or Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites using real-time PCR targeting the small subunit of the 18S rRNA. Results Abundance of Ny. darlingi varied across village, season, and biting behaviour (indoor vs outdoor), and was highly significant between rainy and dry seasons (p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 30.03.2024
Tilføjet 30.03.2024
Abstract Background Vagococcal infections are extremely rare in humans. There are limited studies on the optimal methods for identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and clinical manifestations of vagococcal infections. Herein, we report a patient with a urinary tract infection who had Vagococcus fluvialis in the urine. Case presentation An 84-year-old man presented to our urology department with a fever that had persisted for several days. He previously worked as a zoo clerk. The patient underwent a left nephroureterectomy for ureteral cancer 5 years ago, and total cystectomy and right cutaneous ureterostomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer 1 year prior. He was empirically treated with 500 mg of levofloxacin intravenously every 24 h for the urinary tract infection. V. fluvialis was detected in his urine samples and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was detected in his urine and blood samples. Two bacterial species were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. He was administered intravenous levofloxacin for approximately 1 week, followed by oral levofloxacin for another week, after which the infections were eradicated. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of V. fluvialis detected in human urine in Japan. Vagococcus spp. is commonly isolated from fish or animals, and based on the patient’s work history, it is possible that the patient was a carrier because of transmission from animals.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedPierre Bauvin, Claire Delacôte, Line Carolle Ntandja Wandji, Guillaume Lassailly, Violeta Raverdy, François Pattou, Sylvie Deuffic-Burban, Philippe Mathurin
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 28.03.2024
Tilføjet 28.03.2024
by Pierre Bauvin, Claire Delacôte, Line Carolle Ntandja Wandji, Guillaume Lassailly, Violeta Raverdy, François Pattou, Sylvie Deuffic-Burban, Philippe Mathurin Objective Help public health decision-making requires a better understanding of the dynamics of obesity and type 2 diabetes and an assessement of different strategies to decrease their burdens. Methods Based on 97,848 individual data, collected in the French Health, Health Care and Insurance Survey over 1998–2014, a Markov model was developed to describe the progression of being overweight to obesity, and the onset of type 2 diabetes. This model traces and predicts 2022–2027 burdens of obesity and type 2 diabetes, and lifetime risk of diabetes, according to different scenarios aiming at minimum to stabilize obesity at 5 years. Results Estimated risks of type 2 diabetes increase from 0.09% (normal weight) to 1.56% (obesity II-III). Compared to the before 1995 period, progression risks are estimated to have nearly doubled for obesity and tripled for type 2 diabetes. Consequently, over 2022–2027, the prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes will continue to increase from 17.3% to 18.2% and from 7.3% to 8.1%, respectively. Scenarios statibilizing obesity would require a 22%-decrease in the probability of move up (scenario 1) or a 33%-increase in the probability of move down (scenario 2) one BMI class. However, this stabilization will not affect the increase of diabetes prevalence whereas lifetime risk of diabetes would decrease (30.9% to 27.0%). Combining both scenarios would decrease obesity by 9.9%. Only the prevalence of obesity III shows early change able to predict the outcome of a strategy: for example, 6.7%-decrease at one year, 13.3%-decrease at two years with scenario 1 stabilizing obesity at 5 years. Conclusions Prevalences of obesity and type 2 diabetes will still increase over the next 5 years. Stabilizing obesity may decrease lifetime risks of type 2 diabetes without affecting its short-term prevalence. Our study highlights that, to early assess the effectiveness of their program, public health policy makers should rely on the change in prevalence of obesity III.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 22.03.2024
Tilføjet 22.03.2024
Abstract Background Vagococcal infections are extremely rare in humans. There are limited studies on the optimal methods for identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and clinical manifestations of vagococcal infections. Herein, we report a patient with a urinary tract infection who had Vagococcus fluvialis in the urine. Case presentation An 84-year-old man presented to our urology department with a fever that had persisted for several days. He previously worked as a zoo clerk. The patient underwent a left nephroureterectomy for ureteral cancer 5 years ago, and total cystectomy and right cutaneous ureterostomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer 1 year prior. He was empirically treated with 500 mg of levofloxacin intravenously every 24 h for the urinary tract infection. V. fluvialis was detected in his urine samples and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was detected in his urine and blood samples. Two bacterial species were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. He was administered intravenous levofloxacin for approximately 1 week, followed by oral levofloxacin for another week, after which the infections were eradicated. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of V. fluvialis detected in human urine in Japan. Vagococcus spp. is commonly isolated from fish or animals, and based on the patient’s work history, it is possible that the patient was a carrier because of transmission from animals.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedTobias Weirauch, Gerrit Burger, Dániel Cadar, Martin Gabriel, Julia Koepsell, Gundolf Schüttfort, Philipp de Leuw, Markus Bickel, Maria J.G.T. Vehreschild, Timo Wolf, Nils Wetzstein
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 21.03.2024
Tilføjet 21.03.2024
Yellow fever (YF) is a potentially lethal viral hemorrhagic fever transmitted to humans by Haemagogous and Aedes spp., (mainly Aedes aegypti). The risk of a YF infection for unvaccinated people during a two week stay in West Africa is about 50:100.000 and 5:100.000 in South America. Case fatality rates reach up to 40-60% in South America but are estimated at 20% in Africa [1]. The 17D live attenuated YF vaccine, which was developed in 1937 by Max Theiler, proved to be a highly effective method in preventing an outbreak of the symptomatic disease, but can also cause severe adverse reactions like YF vaccine-associated neurotropic disease (YEL-AND) or YF vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease (YEL-AVD) [2].
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAke Pugkhem, Supot Kamsa‐ard, Siriporn Kamsa‐ard, Vor Luvira, Varisara Luvira, Vajarabhongsa Bhudhisawasdi
Tropical Medicine & International Health, 14.03.2024
Tilføjet 14.03.2024
BMC Infectious Diseases, 12.03.2024
Tilføjet 12.03.2024
Abstract Background Globally, 80 million people are suffering from chronic Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Sofosbuvir ribavirin-based anti-HCV therapy is associated with anemia and other adverse effects. Polymorphisms of Inosine triphosphatase (ITPA) gene may cause functional impairment in the Inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase enzyme, resulting in enhanced sustained viral response (SVR) and protection from ribavirin-associated anemia in patients on therapy. The study objective was to investigate the effect of Inosine triphosphatase gene polymorphism on SVR achievement, hemoglobin decline and ribavirin dose reduction in patients on therapy. Methods This prospective cohort study was of 170 hepatitis C infected patients received 6-month sofosbuvir ribavirin therapy. Patient viral load, reduction in ribavirin amount, liver function test, and complete blood count were noted monthly. Inosine triphosphatase variants rs1127354 and rs7270101 were assessed through the restriction fragment length polymorphism and confirmed using Sanger sequencing. The impact of polymorphism on cumulative reduction of ribavirin, and anti-HCV therapy outcome were studied. Results A total of 74.3% of patients had ITPA rs1127354 CC genotype, 25.7% were CA and AA 0%. The frequency of ITPA genotype rs7270101-AA was 95%, AC 5%, and CC was 0%. ITPA rs1127354-CA had a notably positive impact on SVR achievement with a zero-relapse rate. ITPA rs1127354-CA genotype was significantly (P ˂0.05) protective against ≥ 2 g/dl Hb reduction from baseline to 1st, 2nd and 6th months of therapy. During treatment, Hb reduction ≥ 10 g/dl was frequently observed in rs1127354-CC genotype and rs7270101-AA genotype patients. Ribavirin dose reduction was significantly (P ˂0.05) high in rs1127354-CC genotype as compared to genotype CA whereas no significant difference was observed in ribavirin dose reduction in rs7270101 AA and non-AA genotype. Patient baseline characteristics such as age, body mass index, rs1127354-CC genotype, and baseline Hb were significantly associated with significant Hb reduction. Conclusion Pretreatment evaluation of ITPA polymorphism can be a diagnostic tool to find out patients at risk of anemia and improve treatment adherence. ITPA genotype rs1127354-CA contributes to improved compliance with ribavirin dose and protects against hemoglobin decline in HCV patients while taking ribavirin-based therapy. However, ITPA rs1127354, rs7270101 polymorphism have no significant impact on SVR achievement.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 12.03.2024
Tilføjet 12.03.2024
Abstract Background Globally, 80 million people are suffering from chronic Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Sofosbuvir ribavirin-based anti-HCV therapy is associated with anemia and other adverse effects. Polymorphisms of Inosine triphosphatase (ITPA) gene may cause functional impairment in the Inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase enzyme, resulting in enhanced sustained viral response (SVR) and protection from ribavirin-associated anemia in patients on therapy. The study objective was to investigate the effect of Inosine triphosphatase gene polymorphism on SVR achievement, hemoglobin decline and ribavirin dose reduction in patients on therapy. Methods This prospective cohort study was of 170 hepatitis C infected patients received 6-month sofosbuvir ribavirin therapy. Patient viral load, reduction in ribavirin amount, liver function test, and complete blood count were noted monthly. Inosine triphosphatase variants rs1127354 and rs7270101 were assessed through the restriction fragment length polymorphism and confirmed using Sanger sequencing. The impact of polymorphism on cumulative reduction of ribavirin, and anti-HCV therapy outcome were studied. Results A total of 74.3% of patients had ITPA rs1127354 CC genotype, 25.7% were CA and AA 0%. The frequency of ITPA genotype rs7270101-AA was 95%, AC 5%, and CC was 0%. ITPA rs1127354-CA had a notably positive impact on SVR achievement with a zero-relapse rate. ITPA rs1127354-CA genotype was significantly (P ˂0.05) protective against ≥ 2 g/dl Hb reduction from baseline to 1st, 2nd and 6th months of therapy. During treatment, Hb reduction ≥ 10 g/dl was frequently observed in rs1127354-CC genotype and rs7270101-AA genotype patients. Ribavirin dose reduction was significantly (P ˂0.05) high in rs1127354-CC genotype as compared to genotype CA whereas no significant difference was observed in ribavirin dose reduction in rs7270101 AA and non-AA genotype. Patient baseline characteristics such as age, body mass index, rs1127354-CC genotype, and baseline Hb were significantly associated with significant Hb reduction. Conclusion Pretreatment evaluation of ITPA polymorphism can be a diagnostic tool to find out patients at risk of anemia and improve treatment adherence. ITPA genotype rs1127354-CA contributes to improved compliance with ribavirin dose and protects against hemoglobin decline in HCV patients while taking ribavirin-based therapy. However, ITPA rs1127354, rs7270101 polymorphism have no significant impact on SVR achievement.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedFrancesca Tamarozzi, Cristina Mazzi, Spinello Antinori, Marta Arsuaga, Sören L Becker, Emmanuel Bottieau, Daniel Camprubi-Ferrer, Eric Caumes, Alexandre Duvignaud, Martin P Grobusch, Stephane Jaureguiberry, Sabine Jordan, Andreas Mueller, Andreas Neumayr, Jose A Perez-Molina, Joaquin Salas-Coronas, Fernando Salvador, Lina R Tomasoni, Jaap J van Hellemond, Stephen D Vaughan, Linda J Wammes, Lorenzo Zammarchi, Dora Buonfrate, Ralph Huits, Lisette van Lieshout, Federico Gobbi
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 9.03.2024
Tilføjet 9.03.2024
Terminology in schistosomiasis is not harmonised, generating misunderstanding in data interpretation and clinical descriptions. This study aimed to achieve consensus on definitions of clinical aspects of schistosomiasis in migrants and returning travellers. We applied the Delphi method. Experts from institutions affiliated with GeoSentinel and TropNet, identified through clinical and scientific criteria, were invited to participate. Five external reviewers revised and pilot-tested the statements.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedSuraj Singh Senjam, Souvik Manna, Garima Goel, Yatan Pal Singh Balhara, Animesh Ray, Yashdeep Gupta, Neiwete Lomi, Vivek Gupta, Praveen Vashist, Jeewan Singh Titiyal, Nitin Kashyap, Rajesh Kumar
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 8.03.2024
Tilføjet 8.03.2024
by Suraj Singh Senjam, Souvik Manna, Garima Goel, Yatan Pal Singh Balhara, Animesh Ray, Yashdeep Gupta, Neiwete Lomi, Vivek Gupta, Praveen Vashist, Jeewan Singh Titiyal, Nitin Kashyap, Rajesh Kumar Background Conducting a study in rural pre-dominant areas will help to understand the penetration of the vaccination campaign during the COVID-19 health crisis. This study aimed to investigate vaccination coverage against COVID-19 among the rural adult population in India and to identify factors associated with vaccination coverage. Methods A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted among the rural population in one district of north India from January to February 2023. A semi-structured questionnaire was designed on the SurveyMonkey digital platform for interviewing the participants, which consisted of questions related to socio-demographic profile, health problems, vaccination status, types of vaccine, re-infection after vaccination, and functional difficulties. The data regarding infection with COVID-19 was collected based on self-reported positive testing for SARS-CoV 2 on RT-PCR. Findings A total of 3700 eligible individuals were enumerated for the survey, out of which 2954 (79.8%) were interviewed. The infection rate of past COVID-19 infection, based on self-report of testing positive, was 6.2% (95%CI: 5.3–7.1). Covishield vaccine was received by most participants (81.3%, 2380) followed by Covaxin (12.3%, 361) and Pfizer manufactured vaccine (0.03,1). The coverage for first, second, and booster doses of the vaccine was 98.2% (2902), 94.8% (2802), and 10.7% (315) respectively. The risk of reinfection at 12 months or more among participants with two doses of vaccine was 1.6% (46/2802, 95%CI: 1.2–2.1). The coverage among those with severe functional difficulties was lesser as compared to those with some or no difficulties. Interpretation Vaccination coverage against COVID-19 in rural Haryana, India is not dependent on factors like gender or occupation but is dependent on age and education. Although the full and partial vaccination coverage is high, the booster dose coverage is poor. In addition, the presence of severe disability was significantly associated with reduced vaccination coverage.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedKenneth W. NickersonDaniel J. GutzmannCory H. T. BooneRuvini U. PathiranaAudrey L. Atkin1School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA2Department of Biology and Chemistry, Texas A&M International University, Laredo, Texas, USA, Corrella S. Detweiler
Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 5.03.2024
Tilføjet 5.03.2024
BMC Infectious Diseases, 27.02.2024
Tilføjet 27.02.2024
Abstract Vagococcus fluvialis infection is rare in humans, and there is limited research on the clinical manifestations and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Vagococcus fluvialis infection. Here, We isolated Vagococcus fluvialis from the urine samples of bladder cancer patients at Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, and it is the first reported case of Vagococcus fluvialis isolated from the urine. The fully automated microbial identification system and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) identified the bacterium as Vagococcus fluvialis with a confidence level of 99.9%. The VITEK-2Compact fully automated microbial susceptibility analysis system indicated that it was most sensitive to tigecycline, vancomycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, linezolid, and showed moderate sensitivity to erythromycin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ampicillin/sulbactam, and tetracycline. Additionally, it exhibited synergy when combined with high-level gentamicin and vancomycin, showing sensitivity. However, it displayed poor activity against penicillin and furanth. According to our knowledge, this is the first study to isolate and identify Vagococcus fluvialis from the urine of bladder cancer patients and the systematically reviewed other reported Vagococcus infections on human, which provide an experimental basis for guiding the rational use of drugs in the clinical treatment and diagnose of Vagococcus fluvialis infection and related pathogenic mechanism research. Meanwhile, we have systematically reviewed other reported.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedChristina C Chang, Thomas S Harrison, Tihana A Bicanic, Methee Chayakulkeeree, Tania C Sorrell, Adilia Warris, Ferry Hagen, Andrej Spec, Rita Oladele, Nelesh P Govender, Sharon C Chen, Christopher H Mody, Andreas H Groll, Yee-Chun Chen, Michail S Lionakis, Alexandre Alanio, Elizabeth Castañeda, Jairo Lizarazo, José E Vidal, Takahiro Takazono, Martin Hoenigl, Jan-Willem Alffenaar, Jean-Pierre Gangneux, Rajeev Soman, Li-Ping Zhu, Alexandro Bonifaz, Joseph N Jarvis, Jeremy N Day, Nikolai Klimko, Jon Salmanton-García, Grégory Jouvion, David B Meya, David Lawrence, Sebastian Rahn, Felix Bongomin, Brendan J McMullan, Rosanne Sprute, Tinashe K Nyazika, Justin Beardsley, Fabianne Carlesse, Christopher H Heath, Olusola O Ayanlowo, Olga M Mashedi, Flavio Queiroz-Telles Filho, Mina C Hosseinipour, Atul K Patel, Elvis Temfack, Nina Singh, Oliver A Cornely, David R Boulware, Olivier Lortholary, Peter G Pappas, John R Perfect
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 10.02.2024
Tilføjet 10.02.2024
Cryptococcosis is a major worldwide disseminated invasive fungal infection. Cryptococcosis, particularly in its most lethal manifestation of cryptococcal meningitis, accounts for substantial mortality and morbidity. The breadth of the clinical cryptococcosis syndromes, the different patient types at-risk and affected, and the vastly disparate resource settings where clinicians practice pose a complex array of challenges. Expert contributors from diverse regions of the world have collated data, reviewed the evidence, and provided insightful guideline recommendations for health practitioners across the globe.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBorgonovo, F., Lovaglio, P. G., Mariani, C., Berta, P., Cossu, M. V., Rizzardini, G., Vittadini, G., Capetti, A. F.
BMJ Open, 7.02.2024
Tilføjet 7.02.2024
ObjectiveTo define macro symptoms of long COVID and to identify predictive factors, with the aim of preventing the development of the long COVID syndrome. DesignA single-centre longitudinal prospective cohort study conducted from May 2020 to October 2022. SettingThe study was conducted at Luigi Sacco University Hospital in Milan (Italy). In May 2020, we activated the ARCOVID (Ambulatorio Rivalutazione COVID) outpatient service for the follow-up of long COVID. ParticipantsHospitalised and non-hospitalised patients previously affected by COVID-19 were either referred by specialists or general practitioners or self-referred. InterventionDuring the first visit, a set of questions investigated the presence and the duration of 11 symptoms (palpitations, amnesia, headache, anxiety/panic, insomnia, loss of smell, loss of taste, dyspnoea, asthenia, myalgia and telogen effluvium). The follow-up has continued until the present time, by sending email questionnaires every 3 months to monitor symptoms and health-related quality of life. Primary and secondary outcome measuresMeasurement of synthetic scores (aggregation of symptoms based on occurrence and duration) that may reveal the presence of long COVID in different clinical macro symptoms. To this end, a mixed supervised and empirical strategy was adopted. Moreover, we aimed to identify predictive factors for post-COVID-19 macro symptoms. ResultsIn the first and second waves of COVID-19, 575 and 793 patients (respectively) were enrolled. Three different post-COVID-19 macro symptoms (neurological, sensorial and physical) were identified. We found significant associations between post-COVID-19 symptoms and (1) the patients’ comorbidities, and (2) the medications used during the COVID-19 acute phase. ACE inhibitors (OR=2.039, 95% CI: 1.095 to 3.892), inhaled steroids (OR=4.08, 95% CI: 1.17 to 19.19) and COVID therapies were associated with increased incidence of the neurological macro symptoms. Age (OR=1.02, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.04), COVID-19 severity (OR=0.42, 95% CI: 0.21 to 0.82), number of comorbidities (OR=1.22, 95% CI: 1.01 to 1.5), metabolic (OR=2.52, 95% CI: 1.25 to 5.27), pulmonary (OR=1.87, 95% CI: 1.10 to 3.32) and autoimmune diseases (OR=4.57, 95% CI: 1.57 to 19.41) increased the risk of the physical macro symptoms. ConclusionsBeing male was the unique protective factor in both waves. Other factors reflected different medical behaviours and the impact of comorbidities. Evidence of the effect of therapies adds valuable information that may drive future medical choices.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBasilua Andre Muzembo, Kei Kitahara, Ayumu Ohno, Januka Khatiwada, Shanta Dutta, Shin-Ichi Miyoshi
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2.02.2024
Tilføjet 2.02.2024
Despite efforts to control vibriosis, reported cases are on the rise [1, 2]. Vibriosis is a bacterial ailment caused by pathogenic strains of non-cholera Vibrio species [2, 3]. The species most known to cause vibriosis include non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae, V. vulnificus, V. parahaemolyticus, V. fluvialis, V. mimicus, and V. alginolyticus [3, 4]. Of these, V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus are the most common Vibrio species that are known to cause seafood-related food poisoning [5]. Research has demonstrated that the majority of vibriosis cases are associated with tropical or subtropical locations [6] and have spread worldwide.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedYuanyuan JiaoJun YanDhruvitkumar S. SutariaPeggy LuMichael VicchiarelliZeferino ReynaJuan Ruiz-DelgadoElizabeth BurkEugene MoonNirav R. ShahBrad SpellbergRobert A. BonomoGeorge L. DrusanoArnold LouieBrian M. LunaJürgen B. Bulitta1Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA2Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA3Institute for Therapeutic Innovation, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA4Los Angeles County-USC (LAC+USC) Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA5Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA6Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA7Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA8Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA9Department of Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA10Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs, Cleveland, Ohio, USA11Case VA Center for Antimicrobial Resistance and Epidemiology (Case VA CARES), Cleveland, Ohio, USA, James E. Leggett
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 30.01.2024
Tilføjet 30.01.2024
Espoir Bwenge Malembaka, Patrick Musole Bugeme, Chloe Hutchins, Hanmeng Xu, Juan Dent Hulse, Maya N Demby, Karin Gallandat, Jaime Mufitini Saidi, Baron Bashige Rumedeka, Moïse Itongwa, Esperance Tshiwedi-Tsilabia, Faida Kitoga, Tavia Bodisa-Matamu, Hugo Kavunga-Membo, Justin Bengehya, Jean-Claude Kulondwa, Amanda K Debes, Nagède Taty, Elizabeth C Lee, Octavie Lunguya, Justin Lessler, Daniel T Leung, Oliver Cumming, Placide Welo Okitayemba, Daniel Mukadi-Bamuleka, Jackie Knee, Andrew S Azman
Lancet Infectious Diseases, 19.01.2024
Tilføjet 19.01.2024
A single dose of Euvichol-Plus provided substantial protection against medically attended cholera for at least 36 months after vaccination in this cholera-endemic setting. Although the evidence provides support for similar levels of protection in young children and others in the short term, protection among children younger than 5 years might wane significantly during the third year after vaccination.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedLaura Chery-KarschneyRapatbhorn PatrapuvichDevaraja Gouda MudeppaSreekanth KokkondaRimi ChakrabartiPatchara SriwichaiRoberta M. O'ConnorPradipsinh K. RathodJohn White1Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA2Drug Research Unit for Malaria, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand3Department of Medicine, Goa Medical College and Hospital, Bambolim, Goa, India4Department of Medical Entomology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand5Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA, Audrey Odom John
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 9.01.2024
Tilføjet 9.01.2024
BMC Infectious Diseases, 9.01.2024
Tilføjet 9.01.2024
Abstract Background MicroRNAs (miR) are small sequence of nucleotides that can affect multiple genes involved in the hepatitis C virus (HCV) life cycle and disease development. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the clinical significance of serum microRNA profiles in a cohort of Egyptian patients with chronic HCV infection before and after combined sofosbuvir and daclatasvir treatment, as well as to gain a better understanding of the exact interaction mechanism in HCV transcriptional activity via differentially expressed miRNAs. For 12 weeks, 50 patients were eligible for and received sofosbuvir (400 mg daily) and daclatasvir (60 mg daily) treatment. Each patient’s blood was obtained twice: once before therapy began and again three months afterwards. Results The current study found that serum levels of circulating miR-122, miR-221, miR-23a, miR-125, miR-217, miR-224, and miR-181a were high in HCV pre-treatment patients, but after 12 weeks of direct-acting antiviral (DAAs) treatment, there was a statistically significant reduction in expression levels of miR-122, miR-221, miR-23a, miR-125, miR-217, and miR-224 (p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedMaria Ignez Lima Bersot, Genilton Vieira, Jose Rodrigo De Moraes, Glauber Rocha Pereira, Monique Albuquerque Motta, Ricardo Lourenço-De-Oliveira
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 22.12.2023
Tilføjet 22.12.2023
by Maria Ignez Lima Bersot, Genilton Vieira, Jose Rodrigo De Moraes, Glauber Rocha Pereira, Monique Albuquerque Motta, Ricardo Lourenço-De-Oliveira Mosquitoes of the genus Sabethes are exclusively sylvatic species occurring in Central and South Americas, where they play a role in the transmission of arbovirus. Sabethes identicus, a common bamboo-breeder species, has been found naturally infected with yellow fever virus. Our study aimed to describe biological and behavioral features of Sa. identicus in the laboratory, as well as establish and standardize an isolated colony for experimental assays. We tested different larval densities and evaluated larval and pupal development time, oviposition behavior, egg production, and longevity. We also shot and video-documented bionomics and behavioral aspects of the mosquitoes in the field and laboratory. A colony with more than 30 generations was achieved. Embryogenesis of Sa. identicus is completed in about three days with a 79% hatch rate, while larval and pupal development takes approximately 15–17 and nine days, respectively. The mosquito’s entire life cycle lasts approximately 30 days. Adult females could survive 71 days, and each individual laid an average of 88 eggs over their lifetime; 50% of females and males survived 37 and 24 days, respectively. Hematophagy peaks as early as the first week of emergence. The net content of a bamboo internode influenced the choice for oviposition, with the average number of eggs laid in those containing rearing water with larval and pupal exuviae being significantly higher than when they had only dechlorinated water or water with yeast. We documented for the first time an ecological association of weevils and Sa. identicus, where the oviposition of the latter depends on the weevil creating a hole in the bamboo wall for egg-laying purposes. Video recordings revealed for the first time the peculiar movements of gravid females during egg-throwing into tiny bamboo holes, as well as the laborious escape of newly emerged adults from the bamboo cavity, and mating behavior.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAli Mohamed AliBelén P. SolansAnneke C. HesselingJana WincklerH. Simon SchaafHeather R. DraperLouvina van der LaanJennifer HughesBarend FourieJames NielsenLubbe WiesnerAnthony J. Garcia-PratsRadojka M. Savic1Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA2Department of Interventions and Clinical Trials, Bagamoyo Research and Training Center, Ifakara Health Institute, Bagamoyo, Tanzania3Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa4Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA5Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa6Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, Jared A. Silverman
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 20.12.2023
Tilføjet 20.12.2023
Jackline Wangu Ngari, Steve Leumi, Lin Han, Chaolun Liu, Yimin Tong, Jin Zhong
Journal of Medical Virology, 17.12.2023
Tilføjet 17.12.2023
Ole Skouvig Pedersen, Tetiana Butova, Valeriy Kapustnyk, Valerii Miasoiedov, Mykhailo Kuzhko, Leonid Hryshchuk, Svitlana Kornaha, Natalia Borovok, Olena Raznatovska, Andrii Fedorec, Artemii Bogomolov, Mykhaylo Tkhorovskiy, Oleksandra Akymenko, Iurii Klymenko, Olena Kulykova, Zhanna Karpenko, Tetiana Shapoval, Nataliia Chursina, Natalia Kondratyuk, Olha Parkhomenko, Inna Sazonenko, Mykola Ostrovskyy, Iryna Makoida, Lyubov Markovtsiy, Vasyl Skryp, Victoriya Lubenko, Nataliia Hrankina, Leonid Bondarenko, Valentyna Hlynenko, Victor Naestholt Dahl, Dmytro Butov
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 6.12.2023
Tilføjet 6.12.2023
To describe demographics, clinical features, and treatment outcomes of patients with highly drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) in Ukraine, and to evaluate risk factors for an unsuccessful outcome.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedLouvina E. van der LaanAnthony J. Garcia-PratsHelen McIlleronMahmoud T. AbdelwahabJana L. WincklerHeather R. DraperLubbe WiesnerH. Simon SchaafAnneke C. HesselingPaolo Denti1Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa2Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa3University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, Jared A. Silverman
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 27.11.2023
Tilføjet 27.11.2023
Wilfredo R. Matias, Yodeline Guillaume, Gertrude Cene Augustin, Kenia Vissieres, Ralph Ternier, Damien M. Slater, Jason B. Harris, Molly F. Franke, Louise C. Ivers
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 23.11.2023
Tilføjet 23.11.2023
Cholera accounts for a significant burden of morbidity and mortality, with recent years demonstrating an increase in the number of outbreaks globally.[1] As part of comprehensive cholera control efforts, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends use of oral cholera vaccine (OCV) in endemic and epidemic settings.[2] A global stockpile of WHO pre-qualified OCVs was established in 2013 and has since supplied the majority of OCVs used in outbreak settings.[3]
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedLouvina E. van der LaanAnthony J. Garcia-PratsHelen McIlleronMahmoud T. AbdelwahabJana L. WincklerHeather R. DraperLubbe WiesnerH. Simon SchaafAnneke C. HesselingPaolo Denti1Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa2Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa3University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, Jared A. Silverman
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 16.11.2023
Tilføjet 16.11.2023