Aktuelle smitsomme sygdomme
Søgeord (hepatitis b) valgt.
4 emner vises.
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 25.07.2024
Tilføjet 25.07.2024
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 15.05.2024
Tilføjet 15.05.2024
The U.S. drug regulator has declined to approve expanded use of Dynavax Technologies\' hepatitis B vaccine in a section of patients, citing insufficient data over destruction... Reuters Health Information
Læs mereSandra Bivegete, Anna L McNaughton, Adam Trickey, Zak Thornton, Becky Scanlan, Aaron G Lim, Lina Nerlander, Hannah Fraser, Josephine G Walker, Matthew Hickman, Peter Vickerman, Helen Johnson, Erika Duffell, Ellen Brooks-Pollock and Hannah Christensen
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 28.07.2023
Tilføjet 28.07.2023
BackgroundThe burden of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) varies across the European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA). AimWe aimed to update the 2017 HBV prevalence estimates in EU/EEA countries and the United Kingdom for 2018 to 2021. MethodsWe undertook a systematic review, adding to HBV prevalence estimates from an existing (2005–2017) database. Databases were searched for original English-language research articles including HBV surface antigen prevalence estimates among the general population, pregnant women, first-time blood donors (FTB), men who have sex with men (MSM), migrants and people in prison. Country experts contributed grey literature data. Risk of bias was assessed using a quality assessment framework. FindingsThe update provided 147 new prevalence estimates across the region (updated total n = 579). Median HBV prevalence in the general population was 0.5% and the highest was 3.8% (Greece). Among FTB, the highest prevalence was 0.8% (Lithuania). Estimates among pregnant women were highest in Romania and Italy (5.1%). Among migrants, the highest estimate was 31.7% (Spain). Relative to 2017 estimates, median prevalence among pregnant women decreased by 0.5% (to 0.3%) and increased by 0.9% (to 5.8%) among migrants. Among MSM, the highest estimate was 3.4% (Croatia). Prevalence among people in prison was highest in Greece (8.3%) and the median prevalence increased by 0.6% (to 2.1%). ConclusionsThe HBV prevalence is low in the general population and confined to risk populations in most European countries with some exceptions. Screening and treatment should be targeted to people in prison and migrants.
Læs mereNino Khetsuriani, Amiran Gamkrelidze, Shaun Shadaker, Maia Tsereteli, Maia Alkhazashvili, Nazibrola Chitadze, Irina Tskhomelidze, Lia Gvinjilia, Francisco Averhoff, Gavin Cloherty, Qian An, Giorgi Chakhunashvili, Jan Drobeniuc, Paata Imnadze, Khatuna Zakhashvili and Paige A Armstrong
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 28.07.2023
Tilføjet 28.07.2023
BackgroundGeorgia has adopted the World Health Organization European Region’s and global goals to eliminate viral hepatitis. A nationwide serosurvey among adults in 2015 showed 2.9% prevalence for hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) and 25.9% for antibodies against HBV core antigen (anti-HBc). HBV infection prevalence among children had previously not been assessed. AimWe aimed to assess HBV infection prevalence among children and update estimates for adults in Georgia. MethodsThis nationwide cross-sectional serosurvey conducted in 2021 among persons aged ≥ 5 years used multi-stage stratified cluster design. Participants aged 5–20 years were eligible for hepatitis B vaccination as infants. Blood samples were tested for anti-HBc and, if positive, for HBsAg. Weighted proportions and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for both markers. ResultsAmong 5–17 year-olds (n = 1,473), 0.03% (95% CI: 0–0.19) were HBsAg-positive and 0.7% (95% CI: 0.3–1.6) were anti-HBc-positive. Among adults (n = 7,237), 2.7% (95% CI: 2.3–3.4) were HBsAg-positive and 21.7% (95% CI: 20.4–23.2) anti-HBc-positive; HBsAg prevalence was lowest (0.2%; 95% CI: 0.0–1.5) among 18–23-year-olds and highest (8.6%; 95% CI: 6.1–12.1) among 35–39-year-olds. ConclusionsHepatitis B vaccination in Georgia had remarkable impact. In 2021, HBsAg prevalence among children was well below the 0.5% hepatitis B control target of the European Region and met the ≤ 0.1% HBsAg seroprevalence target for elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HBV. Chronic HBV infection remains a problem among adults born before vaccine introduction. Screening, treatment and preventive interventions among adults, and sustained high immunisation coverage among children, can help eliminate hepatitis B in Georgia by 2030.
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