47 ud af 47 tidsskrifter valgt, søgeord (monkeypox) valgt, emner højest 180 dage gamle, sorteret efter nyeste først.
40 emner vises.
1
Is a 2‐week regimen of tecovirimat sufficient for the treatment of Mpox (monkeypox) in advanced HIV patients with a low CD4 cell count?
Joo‐Hee Hwang, Jeong‐Hwan Hwang
Journal of Medical Virology, 15.05.2024
Tilføjet 15.05.2024
2
Expression analysis and mapping of Viral—Host Protein interactions of Poxviridae suggests a lead candidate molecule targeting Mpox
BMC Infectious Diseases, 14.05.2024
Tilføjet 14.05.2024
Abstract Background Monkeypox (Mpox) is an important human pathogen without etiological treatment. A viral-host interactome study may advance our understanding of molecular pathogenesis and lead to the discovery of suitable therapeutic targets. Methods GEO Expression datasets characterizing mRNA profile changes in different host responses to poxviruses were analyzed for shared pathway identification, and then, the Protein–protein interaction (PPI) maps were built. The viral gene expression datasets of Monkeypox virus (MPXV) and Vaccinia virus (VACV) were used to identify the significant viral genes and further investigated for their binding to the library of targeting molecules. Results Infection with MPXV interferes with various cellular pathways, including interleukin and MAPK signaling. While most host differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are predominantly downregulated upon infection, marked enrichments in histone modifiers and immune-related genes were observed. PPI analysis revealed a set of novel virus-specific protein interactions for the genes in the above functional clusters. The viral DEGs exhibited variable expression patterns in three studied cell types: primary human monocytes, primary human fibroblast, and HeLa, resulting in 118 commonly deregulated proteins. Poxvirus proteins C6R derived protein K7 and K7R of MPXV and VACV were prioritized as targets for potential therapeutic interventions based on their histone-regulating and immunosuppressive properties. In the computational docking and Molecular Dynamics (MD) experiments, these proteins were shown to bind the candidate small molecule S3I-201, which was further prioritized for lead development. Results MPXV circumvents cellular antiviral defenses by engaging histone modification and immune evasion strategies. C6R-derived protein K7 binding candidate molecule S3I-201 is a priority promising candidate for treating Mpox.
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3
Expression analysis and mapping of Viral—Host Protein interactions of Poxviridae suggests a lead candidate molecule targeting Mpox
BMC Infectious Diseases, 14.05.2024
Tilføjet 14.05.2024
Abstract Background Monkeypox (Mpox) is an important human pathogen without etiological treatment. A viral-host interactome study may advance our understanding of molecular pathogenesis and lead to the discovery of suitable therapeutic targets. Methods GEO Expression datasets characterizing mRNA profile changes in different host responses to poxviruses were analyzed for shared pathway identification, and then, the Protein–protein interaction (PPI) maps were built. The viral gene expression datasets of Monkeypox virus (MPXV) and Vaccinia virus (VACV) were used to identify the significant viral genes and further investigated for their binding to the library of targeting molecules. Results Infection with MPXV interferes with various cellular pathways, including interleukin and MAPK signaling. While most host differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are predominantly downregulated upon infection, marked enrichments in histone modifiers and immune-related genes were observed. PPI analysis revealed a set of novel virus-specific protein interactions for the genes in the above functional clusters. The viral DEGs exhibited variable expression patterns in three studied cell types: primary human monocytes, primary human fibroblast, and HeLa, resulting in 118 commonly deregulated proteins. Poxvirus proteins C6R derived protein K7 and K7R of MPXV and VACV were prioritized as targets for potential therapeutic interventions based on their histone-regulating and immunosuppressive properties. In the computational docking and Molecular Dynamics (MD) experiments, these proteins were shown to bind the candidate small molecule S3I-201, which was further prioritized for lead development. Results MPXV circumvents cellular antiviral defenses by engaging histone modification and immune evasion strategies. C6R-derived protein K7 binding candidate molecule S3I-201 is a priority promising candidate for treating Mpox.
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4
Expression analysis and mapping of Viral—Host Protein interactions of Poxviridae suggests a lead candidate molecule targeting Mpox
BMC Infectious Diseases, 11.05.2024
Tilføjet 11.05.2024
Abstract Background Monkeypox (Mpox) is an important human pathogen without etiological treatment. A viral-host interactome study may advance our understanding of molecular pathogenesis and lead to the discovery of suitable therapeutic targets. Methods GEO Expression datasets characterizing mRNA profile changes in different host responses to poxviruses were analyzed for shared pathway identification, and then, the Protein–protein interaction (PPI) maps were built. The viral gene expression datasets of Monkeypox virus (MPXV) and Vaccinia virus (VACV) were used to identify the significant viral genes and further investigated for their binding to the library of targeting molecules. Results Infection with MPXV interferes with various cellular pathways, including interleukin and MAPK signaling. While most host differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are predominantly downregulated upon infection, marked enrichments in histone modifiers and immune-related genes were observed. PPI analysis revealed a set of novel virus-specific protein interactions for the genes in the above functional clusters. The viral DEGs exhibited variable expression patterns in three studied cell types: primary human monocytes, primary human fibroblast, and HeLa, resulting in 118 commonly deregulated proteins. Poxvirus proteins C6R derived protein K7 and K7R of MPXV and VACV were prioritized as targets for potential therapeutic interventions based on their histone-regulating and immunosuppressive properties. In the computational docking and Molecular Dynamics (MD) experiments, these proteins were shown to bind the candidate small molecule S3I-201, which was further prioritized for lead development. Results MPXV circumvents cellular antiviral defenses by engaging histone modification and immune evasion strategies. C6R-derived protein K7 binding candidate molecule S3I-201 is a priority promising candidate for treating Mpox.
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5
Ocular manifestations of Monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection with viral persistence in ocular samples – a case series.
Luciana P.S. Finamor, Maria Cássia Mendes-Correa, Mônica Rinkevicius, Guilherme Macedo, Ester Cerdeira Sabino, Lucy Santos Villas-Boas, Anderson Vicente de Paula, Raissa Heloisa de Araujo-Heliodoro, Antonio Charlys da Costa, Steven S. Witkin, Keila Lima Carneiro Santos, Camila Palmeira, Gabriel Andrade, Maurílio Lucena, Dalton Santoro, Luci Meire Pereira da Silva, Cristina Muccioli
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 4.05.2024
Tilføjet 4.05.2024
Mpox is a zoonotic disease caused by the Monkeypox virus (MPXV) [1]. Ophthalmologic involvement, termed Monkeypox virus-related ophthalmic disease (MPXROD), encompasses a range of eye-related manifestations that can occur during Monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection. This includes lesions affecting both external structures, such as the periorbita and eyelids, as well as the ocular surface, including conditions like blepharoconjunctivitis, ulcerative keratitis, immune stromal and neurotrophic keratitis [2].
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6
Machine learning in epidemiology: Neural networks forecasting of monkeypox cases
Lulah Alnaji
PLoS One Infectious Diseases, 1.05.2024
Tilføjet 1.05.2024
by Lulah Alnaji This study integrates advanced machine learning techniques, namely Artificial Neural Networks, Long Short-Term Memory, and Gated Recurrent Unit models, to forecast monkeypox outbreaks in Canada, Spain, the USA, and Portugal. The research focuses on the effectiveness of these models in predicting the spread and severity of cases using data from June 3 to December 31, 2022, and evaluates them against test data from January 1 to February 7, 2023. The study highlights the potential of neural networks in epidemiology, especially concerning recent monkeypox outbreaks. It provides a comparative analysis of the models, emphasizing their capabilities in public health strategies. The research identifies optimal model configurations and underscores the efficiency of the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm in training. The findings suggest that ANN models, particularly those with optimized Root Mean Squared Error, Mean Absolute Percentage Error, and the Coefficient of Determination values, are effective in infectious disease forecasting and can significantly enhance public health responses.
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7
Implications of the 2023-2024 MPXV Clade I Outbreak in the DRC to Global Public Health
Angel N. Desai, Marion Koopmans, Ashley Otter, Martin P. Grobusch, Pikka Jokelainen, Barry Atkinson, Flavia Cunha, Sofia R. Valdoleiros, Veronica G. Preda, Francesco Maria Fusco, Chantal P. Rovers, Gilbert Greub, Antonino Di Caro, Lone Simonsen, Francine Ntoumi, Eskild Petersen
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 30.04.2024
Tilføjet 30.04.2024
Mpox, a zoonotic disease resulting from infection with monkeypox virus (MPXV), was previously considered endemic to central- and west Africa. However, an ongoing global outbreak of clade IIb (previously known as West African clade) MPXV associated with human-to-human transmission primarily through sexual contact has occurred since May 2022, with introduction of MPXV to regions and countries that had previously only reported sporadic imported cases [1], [2].
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8
Nanopore adaptive sampling of a metagenomic sample derived from a human monkeypox case
Charlotte Hewel, Hanno Schmidt, Stefan Runkel, Wolfgang Kohnen, Susann Schweiger‐Seemann, André Michel, Sven‐Ernö Bikar, Bettina Lieb, Bodo Plachter, Thomas Hankeln, Matthias Linke, Susanne Gerber
Journal of Medical Virology, 25.04.2024
Tilføjet 25.04.2024
9
Retrospective monkeypox virus (MPXV) surveillance among male users of I Want The Kit in Maryland, United States
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 17.04.2024
Tilføjet 17.04.2024
Abstract Retrospective surveillance leveraging male rectal swab sample remnants from I Want The Kit from July 2021 through October 2023, identified one symptomatic and one asymptomatic mpox case at the peak of transmission in 2022. Although sporadic cases continue to be reported in Maryland, additional asymptomatic cases were not identified in this leveraged surveillance.
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10
The global patent landscape of emerging infectious disease monkeypox
BMC Infectious Diseases, 16.04.2024
Tilføjet 16.04.2024
Abstract Background Monkeypox is an emerging infectious disease with confirmed cases and deaths in several parts of the world. In light of this crisis, this study aims to analyze the global knowledge pattern of monkeypox-related patents and explore current trends and future technical directions in the medical development of monkeypox to inform research and policy. Methods A comprehensive study of 1,791 monkeypox-related patents worldwide was conducted using the Derwent patent database by descriptive statistics, social network method and linear regression analysis. Results Since the 21st century, the number of monkeypox-related patents has increased rapidly, accompanied by increases in collaboration between commercial and academic patentees. Enterprises contributed the most in patent quantity, whereas the initial milestone patent was filed by academia. The core developments of technology related to the monkeypox include biological and chemical medicine. The innovations of vaccines and virus testing lack sufficient patent support in portfolios. Conclusions Monkeypox-related therapeutic innovation is geographically limited with strong international intellectual property right barriers though it has increased rapidly in recent years. The transparent licensing of patent knowledge is driven by the merger and acquisition model, and the venture capital, intellectual property and contract research organization model. Currently, the patent thicket phenomenon in the monkeypox field may slow the progress of efforts to combat monkeypox. Enterprises should pay more attention to the sharing of technical knowledge, make full use of drug repurposing strategies, and promote innovation of monkeypox-related technology in hotspots of antivirals (such as tecovirimat, cidofovir, brincidofovir), vaccines (JYNNEOS, ACAM2000), herbal medicine and gene therapy.
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11
Evaluation of analytical performance of the STANDARDTM M10 MPX/OPX assay for the simultaneous DNA detection and clade attribution of Monkeypox virus
Alessandro ManconAngelo Roberto RaccagniGloria GagliardiDavide MoscheseAlberto RizzoAndrea GiacomelliMiriam CutreraFederica SalariFiorenza BracchittaSpinello AntinoriAndrea GoriGiuliano RizzardiniAntonella CastagnaMaria Rita GismondoSilvia NozzaDavide Miletoa Laboratory of Clincal Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italyb Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italyc University of Milan, Milan, Italyd Department of Infectious Diseases, ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Milan, Italye Department of Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italyf CNR-SCITEC, Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta”, via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milan, Italy
Emerg Microbes Infect, 15.04.2024
Tilføjet 15.04.2024
12
Public health surveillance through community health workers: a scoping review of evidence from 25 low-income and middle-income countries
Alhassan, J. A. K., Wills, O.
BMJ Open, 6.04.2024
Tilføjet 6.04.2024
BackgroundThe last 3 years have witnessed global health challenges, ranging from the pandemics of COVID-19 and mpox (monkeypox) to the Ebola epidemic in Uganda. Public health surveillance is critical for preventing these outbreaks, yet surveillance systems in resource-constrained contexts struggle to provide timely disease reporting. Although community health workers (CHWs) support health systems in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), very little has been written about their role in supporting public health surveillance. This review identified the roles, impacts and challenges CHWs face in public health surveillance in 25 LMICs. MethodsWe conducted a scoping review guided by Arksey and O’Malley’s framework. We exported 1,156 peer-reviewed records from Embase, Global Health and PubMed databases. After multiple screenings, 29 articles were included in the final review. ResultsCHWs significantly contribute to public health surveillance in LMICs including through contact tracing and patient visitation to control major infectious diseases such as HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, Ebola, neglected tropical diseases and COVID-19. Their public health surveillance roles typically fall into four main categories including community engagement; data gathering; screening, testing and treating; and health education and promotion. The use of CHWs in public health surveillance in LMICs has been impactful and often involves incorporation of various technologies leading to improved epidemic control and disease reporting. Nonetheless, use of CHWs can come with four main challenges including lack of education and training, lack of financial and other resources, logistical and infrastructural challenges as well as community engagement challenges. ConclusionCHWs are important stakeholders in surveillance because they are closer to communities than other healthcare workers. Further integration and training of CHWs in public health surveillance would improve public health surveillance because CHWs can provide health data on ‘hard-to-reach’ populations. CHWs’ work in public health surveillance would also be greatly enhanced by infrastructural investments.
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13
Surge of Mpox cases in Lombardy region, Italy, October 2023 - January 2024
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 5.04.2024
Tilføjet 5.04.2024
14
Investigation of an mpox outbreak affecting many vaccinated persons in Chicago, IL—March 2023–June 2023
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 3.04.2024
Tilføjet 3.04.2024
Abstract Background After months of few mpox cases, an increased number of cases were reported in Chicago during May 2023; predominantly among fully vaccinated patients. We investigated the outbreak scope, differences between vaccinated and unvaccinated patients, and hypotheses for monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection after vaccination.Methods We interviewed patients and reviewed medical records to assess demographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics, mpox vaccine status, and vaccine administration routes. We evaluated serum antibody levels after infection and compared patient viral genomes with MPXV sequences in available databases. We discussed potential vaccine compromise with partners who manufactured, handled, and administered vaccine associated with breakthrough infections.Results During March 18–June 27, 2023, we identified 49 mpox cases; 57% of these mpox patients were fully vaccinated (FV). FV patients received both JYNNEOS doses subcutaneously (57%), intradermally (7%), or via heterologous administration (36%). FV patients had more median sex partners (3, IQR=1-4) versus not fully vaccinated (NFV) patients (1, IQR=1-2). Thirty-six of 37 sequenced specimens belonged to lineage B.1.20 of clade IIb MPXV, which did not demonstrate any amino acid changes relative to B.1, the predominant lineage from May 2022. Vaccinated patients demonstrated expected humoral antibody responses; none were hospitalized. No vaccine storage excursions were identified. Approximately 63% of people at risk for mpox in Chicago were FV during this period.Conclusions Our investigation indicated cases were likely due to frequent behaviors associated with mpox transmission, even with relatively high vaccine effectiveness and vaccine coverage. Cases after vaccination might occur in similar populations.
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15
Rapid identification of A29L antibodies based on mRNA immunization and high-throughput single B cell sequencing to detect Monkeypox virus
Huisheng SunYiqi MiaoXingsheng YangLiang GuoQingyu LiJing WangJinrong LongZhen ZhangJingqi ShiJian LiYiming CaoChangxiao YuJierui MaiZhen RongJiannan FengShumei WangJing YangShengqi Wanga School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of Chinab Bioinformatics center of AMMS, Beijing, People’s Republic of Chinac Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 1.04.2024
Tilføjet 1.04.2024
16
Incidental diagnosis of monkeypox virus infection in patients undergoing STI screening – findings from a study in France.
Sophie Edouard, Céline Boschi, Philippe Colson, Matthieu Million, Pierre-Edouard Fournier, Bernard La Scola, Florence Fenollar
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 21.03.2024
Tilføjet 21.03.2024
Human monkeypox, a previously rare viral zoonosis, predominantly endemic to central and western Africa, emerged in May 2022 in non-endemic countries [1]. Initially confirmed in England [2], human autochthonous cases spread across 113 countries around the world, including 106 countries which had never previously reported monkeypox virus (MPXV) (https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/mpox/response/2022/world-map.html). Nearly 26,000 cases have been reported in Europe (https://monkeypoxreport.ecdc.europa.eu/).
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17
Socio-demographic determinants of the knowledge of Monkeypox Virus among the general public: a cross-sectional study in a Tertiary Care Center in Nepal
BMC Infectious Diseases, 8.03.2024
Tilføjet 8.03.2024
Abstract Background and objective Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is the causative agent of monkeypox’s zoonotic infection and was declared a global emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO). Studies from different countries have shown insufficient knowledge among the general public on MPXV. This study aimed to assess the knowledge of the general public of Nepal on MPXV. Methods Three hundred people were interviewed in person in October 2022, and 282 complete responses were recorded. The questionnaire related to the knowledge of MPXV was derived from a previous study conducted among the general population of Saudi Arabia. Twenty-two questions were included that assessed the knowledge and attitude of Nepalese toward monkeypox. Statistical comparison between high and low knowledge was performed using Pearson’s Chi-square test. Logistic regression models were deployed to establish the relationship between participants’ knowledge and socio-demographic characteristics. Results Among the total respondents, 53.8% demonstrated high knowledge of monkeypox. People aged 18–25 years, unmarried people, and those living in urban areas had significantly higher levels of knowledge. Most respondents believed that MPXV is not a conspiracy or bioterrorism (63.1%) and agreed that it is likely to affect people’s social and economic life as COVID-19 did (67.0%). The history of COVID-19 vaccination (aOR: 2.980; 95%CI: 1.227, 7.236) and the younger age (aOR: 2.975; 95%CI: 1.097, 8.069) were found to be significant determinants of the knowledge of the participants on monkeypox. Conclusion We observed that most Nepalese populations had a high knowledge of monkeypox and that social media was the most valuable source of information.
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18
The pathophysiological and immunological background of the monkeypox virus infection: An update
Journal of Medical Virology, 8.03.2024
Tilføjet 8.03.2024
19
Socio-demographic determinants of the knowledge of Monkeypox Virus among the general public: a cross-sectional study in a Tertiary Care Center in Nepal
BMC Infectious Diseases, 7.03.2024
Tilføjet 7.03.2024
Abstract Background and objective Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is the causative agent of monkeypox’s zoonotic infection and was declared a global emergency by the World Health Organization (WHO). Studies from different countries have shown insufficient knowledge among the general public on MPXV. This study aimed to assess the knowledge of the general public of Nepal on MPXV. Methods Three hundred people were interviewed in person in October 2022, and 282 complete responses were recorded. The questionnaire related to the knowledge of MPXV was derived from a previous study conducted among the general population of Saudi Arabia. Twenty-two questions were included that assessed the knowledge and attitude of Nepalese toward monkeypox. Statistical comparison between high and low knowledge was performed using Pearson’s Chi-square test. Logistic regression models were deployed to establish the relationship between participants’ knowledge and socio-demographic characteristics. Results Among the total respondents, 53.8% demonstrated high knowledge of monkeypox. People aged 18–25 years, unmarried people, and those living in urban areas had significantly higher levels of knowledge. Most respondents believed that MPXV is not a conspiracy or bioterrorism (63.1%) and agreed that it is likely to affect people’s social and economic life as COVID-19 did (67.0%). The history of COVID-19 vaccination (aOR: 2.980; 95%CI: 1.227, 7.236) and the younger age (aOR: 2.975; 95%CI: 1.097, 8.069) were found to be significant determinants of the knowledge of the participants on monkeypox. Conclusion We observed that most Nepalese populations had a high knowledge of monkeypox and that social media was the most valuable source of information.
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20
Monkeypox virus infection of human astrocytes causes gasdermin B cleavage and pyroptosis
Hajar Miranzadeh MahabadiY. C. James LinNatacha S. OgandoEman W. MoussaNazanin MohammadzadehOliver JulienNeal M. AltoRyan S. NoyceDavid H. EvansChristopher PoweraDepartment of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T5N 2S2, CanadabDepartment of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T5N 2S2, CanadacDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T5N 2S2, CanadadDepartment of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-8816eLi Ka Shing Institute of Virology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T5N 2S2, Canada
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 21.02.2024
Tilføjet 21.02.2024
21
Case report: atypical presentation of mpox with massive hematochezia and prolonged viral shedding despite tecovirimat treatment
BMC Infectious Diseases, 13.02.2024
Tilføjet 13.02.2024
Abstract Background The outbreak of mpox that occurred between 2022 and 2023 is primarily being transmitted through sexual contact. As of now, there is no consensus on the recommended duration of isolation to prevent sexual transmission of the virus. Moreover, this particular mpox outbreak has presented with distinct complications in comparison to previous occurrences. In this report, we present a case involving severe rectal bleeding from an ulcer in a mpox patient with a history of engaging in receptive sexual contact. Case presentation A 30-year-old Korean man presented at the hospital with complaints of fever, multiple skin lesions, and anal pain. Monkeypox virus polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results were positive for skin lesions on the penis and wrist. The patient received a 12-day course of tecovirimat due to anal symptoms and perianal skin lesions. Following isolation for 12 days and after all skin scabs had naturally fallen off, with no new skin lesions emerging for a consecutive 48 hours—conforming to the criteria of the Korean Disease Control and Prevention Agency—the patient was discharged. However, 1 day after discharge, the patient returned to the hospital due to hematochezia. His hemoglobin level had significantly dropped from 14.0 g/dL to 8.2 g/dL. Sigmoidoscopy unveiled a sizable rectal ulceration with exposed blood vessels, prompting the application of hemostasis through metal clipping. Subsequent monkeypox virus real-time PCR conducted on rectal tissue and swabs yielded positive results (with cycle threshold values of 28.48 and 31.23, respectively). An abdominal CT scan exposed a perirectal abscess, for which ampicillin-sulbactam was administered. Conclusion This case underscores the importance of monitoring for bleeding complications and confirming the resolution of rectal lesions before discharging patients from isolation, particularly in cases where patients have a history of engaging in receptive sexual contact with men or are presenting with anal symptoms.
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22
Simulating the impact of optimized prevention and control measures on the transmission of monkeypox in the United States: A model‐based study
Yawen Cao, Wenbin Fang, Yingying Chen, Hengchuan Zhang, Ruyu Ni, Guixia Pan
Journal of Medical Virology, 1.02.2024
Tilføjet 1.02.2024
23
Supercritical and homogenous transmission of monkeypox in the capital of China
Yunjun Zhang, Xiaohua Zhou
Journal of Medical Virology, 1.02.2024
Tilføjet 1.02.2024
24
Vaccinia virus tiantan strain is inefficient in eliciting cross-reactive immunity against the emerging monkeypox virus strain
Lingqian TianYongli ZhangQiuhong LiuLianguo RuanFuli RenYang HanYanfang ZhangLei YangSha LiHao SunYecheng ZhangYuan ZhouRongjuan PeiFei DengChaolin HuangXinwen ChenYun Wanga State Key Laboratory of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinab University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People’s Republic of Chinac Department of Infectious Diseases, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinad Center for Translational Medicine, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinae Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Centre, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of Chinaf Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan, People’s Republic of Chinag Guangzhou National Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 31.01.2024
Tilføjet 31.01.2024
25
Characterizing the acute antibody response of monkeypox and MVA‐BN vaccine following an Australian outbreak
Will Asquith, Linda Hueston, Dominic Dwyer, Jen Kok, Danny Ko, Michael Fennel, Rebecca Rockett, Neela Joshi Rai, Ying Li, Shirisha Sriramoju, Allison Sutor, Matthew O'Sullivan
Journal of Medical Virology, 20.01.2024
Tilføjet 20.01.2024
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Pathology and monkeypox virus localization in tissues from immunocompromised patients with severe or fatal mpox
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 19.01.2024
Tilføjet 19.01.2024
Abstract Background Pathology and monkeypox virus (MPXV) tissue tropism in severe and fatal human mpox is not thoroughly described but can help elucidate the disease pathogenesis and the role of coinfections in immunocompromised patients.Methods We analyzed biopsy and autopsy tissues from 22 patients with severe or fatal outcomes to characterize pathology and viral antigen and DNA distribution in tissues by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Tissue-based testing for coinfections was also performed.Results Mucocutaneous lesions showed necrotizing and proliferative epithelial changes. Deceased patients with autopsy tissues evaluated had digestive tract lesions, and half had systemic tissue necrosis with thrombotic vasculopathy in lymphoid tissues, lung, or other solid organs. Half also had bronchopneumonia, and one-third had acute lung injury. All cases had MPXV antigen and DNA detected in tissues. Coinfections were identified in 5/16 (31%) biopsy and 4/6 (67%) autopsy cases.Discussion Severe mpox in immunocompromised patients is characterized by extensive viral infection of tissues and viremic dissemination that can progress despite available therapeutics. Digestive tract and lung involvement are common and associated with prominent histopathological and clinical manifestations. Coinfections may complicate mpox diagnosis and treatment. Significant viral DNA (likely correlating to infectious virus) in tissues necessitates enhanced biosafety measures in healthcare and autopsy settings.
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27
Monkeypox virus-associated meningoencephalitis diagnosed by detection of intrathecal antibody production
BMC Infectious Diseases, 18.01.2024
Tilføjet 18.01.2024
Abstract Background In the 2022 mpox-outbreak most patients presented with mild symptoms. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement has previously been described as a rare and severe complication of mpox; however, diagnostic findings in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and neuroimaging studies have only been reported in one case previously. Case presentation We report a previously healthy 37-year-old man with mpox complicated by encephalitis. He first presented with painful skin lesions and genital ulcers; polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from the lesions was positive for mpox. Twelve days later he was admitted with fever and confusion. Neuroimaging and CSF analysis indicated encephalitis. The CSF was PCR-negative for monkeypox virus but intrathecal antibody production was detected. He spontaneously improved over a few days course and recovered fully. Conclusions This case of mpox-associated encephalitis shows that CNS involvement in mpox infection may have a relatively mild clinical course, and that detection of intrathecal antibody production can be used to establish the diagnosis if CSF monkeypox virus-PCR is negative.
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28
Lack of monkeypox virus (MPXV) transmission despite occupational exposure of a large number of health care workers
Wolfgang A. Wetsch, Eva Heger, Hendrik Drinhaus, Bernd W. Böttiger, Remco Overbeek, Clara Lehmann, Gerd Fätkenheuer, Norma Jung, Julia Fischer, Jens Kneifel, Janine Zweigner, Florian Klein, Ulrike Wieland
Journal of Medical Virology, 5.01.2024
Tilføjet 5.01.2024
29
Clinical Manifestations of an Outbreak of Monkeypox Virus in Captive Chimpanzees in Cameroon, 2016
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 4.01.2024
Tilføjet 4.01.2024
Abstract Monkeypox virus (MPXV) is a re-emerging virus of global concern. An outbreak of Clade I MPXV affected 20 captive chimpanzees in Cameroon in 2016. We describe the epidemiology, virology, phylogenetics, and clinical progression of this outbreak. Clinical signs included exanthema, facial swelling, peri-laryngeal swelling, and eschar. Mpox can be lethal in captive chimpanzees with death likely resulting from respiratory complications. We advise avoiding anesthesia in animals with respiratory signs to reduce the likelihood of death. This outbreak presented a risk to animal care staff. There is a need for increased awareness and a One Health approach to preparation for outbreaks in wildlife rescue centers in primate range states where MPXV occurs. Control measures should include quarantining affected animals, limiting human contacts, surveillance of humans and animals, use of personal protective equipment, and regular decontamination of enclosures.
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Phylogenetic landscape of Monkeypox Virus (MPV) during the early outbreak in New York City, 2022
Luz H. PatiñoSusana GuerraMarina MuñozNicolas LunaKeith FarrugiaAdriana van de GuchteZain KhalilAna Silvia Gonzalez-ReicheMatthew M. HernandezRadhika BanuParas ShresthaBernadette LiggayuAdolfo Firpo BetancourtDavid ReichCarlos Cordon-CardoRandy AlbrechtRebecca PearlViviana SimonAria RookerEmilia Mia SordilloHarm van BakelAdolfo García-SastreDusan BogunovicGustavo PalaciosAlberto Paniz MondolfiJuan David Ramíreza Department of Pathology, Molecular, and Cell-Based Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USAb Department of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Microbiology, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spainc Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Centro de Investigaciones en Microbiología y Biotecnología-UR (CIMBIUR), Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombiad Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USAe Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USAf Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USAg Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USAh Center for Vaccine Research and Pandemic Preparedness (C-VARPP), Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USAi Icahn Genomics Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USAj The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USAk Department of Microbiology, Centre for Inborn Errors of Immunity, Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
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The first case of monkeypox in Hong Kong presenting as infectious mononucleosis-like syndrome
Kelvin Hei-Yeung ChiuShuk-Ching WongAnthony Raymond TamSiddharth SridharCyril Chik-Yan YipKwok-Hung ChanNicholas Foo-Siong ChewKenyon Ka-Yun ManWan-Mui ChanJonathan Daniel IpAllen Wing-Ho ChuJanice Yee-Chi LoIvan Fan-Ngai HungKwok-Yung YuenKelvin Kai-Wang ToVincent Chi-Chung Chenga Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of Chinab Infection Control Team, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong West Cluster, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of Chinac Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of Chinad State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Disease, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of Chinae Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of Chinaf Department of Radiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of Chinag Department of Health, Centre for Health Protection, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of Chinah Department of Infectious Disease and Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of Chinai Centre for Virology, Vaccinology and Therapeutics, Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People’s Republic of China
Emerg Microbes Infect, 30.12.2023
Tilføjet 30.12.2023
32
Trends of measles in Tanzania: a five-year review of case-based surveillance data, 2018-2022
Fausta Michael, Mariam M. Mirambo, Gerald Misinzo, Omary Minzi, Medard Beyanga, Delphinus Mujuni, Florence S Kalabamu, Elias N Nyanda, Mary Mwanyika-Sando, Daniel Ndiyo, Richard Kasonogo, Abbas Ismail, Andrew Bahati, Farida Hassan, Elangiringa Kaale, John J Chai, Pricillah Kinyunyi, Furaha Kyesi, Florian Tinuga, Dhamira Mongi, Abdul Salehe, Bonaventura Muhindi, Joseph Mdachi, Richard Magodi, Mwendwa Mwenesi, Honest Nyaki, Betina Katembo, Kelvin Tenga, Magdalena Kasya, Willliam Mwengee, Stephen E. Mshana
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 18.12.2023
Tilføjet 18.12.2023
Vaccines provide a safe and cost-effective solution to vaccine-preventable infectious diseases. However, vaccine-preventable infectious diseases still pose a serious public health threat especially in the world\'s poor regions[1]. In sub-Saharan Africa, this burden is further aggravated by the occurrence of concurrent epidemics such as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), Ebola virus disease, monkeypox, and measles overstretching the already weak public health system[2]. In addition to human conflicts, natural disasters, vaccine hesitancy, and the COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted routine immunisation services leaving millions of children under-vaccinated or unvaccinated against vaccine-preventable diseases as evidenced by the decline in the number of administered doses of diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus-containing vaccine and the first dose of measles virus-containing vaccine[3, 4].
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33
Serological methods for the detection of antibodies against monkeypox virus applicable for laboratories with different biosafety levels
Marica Grossegesse, Daniel Stern, Natalie Hofmann, Rebecca Surtees, Claudia Kohl, Janine Michel, Andreas Nitsche
Journal of Medical Virology, 7.12.2023
Tilføjet 7.12.2023
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Preparing for mpox resurgence: Surveillance lessons from outbreaks in Toronto, Canada
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 4.12.2023
Tilføjet 4.12.2023
AbstractBackgroundAlong with many global jurisdictions, Toronto, Canada experienced an outbreak of mpox in the spring/summer of 2022. Case counts declined following the implementation of a large vaccination campaign. A surge of case reports in early 2023 led to speculation that asymptomatic and/or undetected local transmission was occurring in the city.MethodsMpox cases and positive laboratory results are reported to Toronto Public Health. Epidemic curves and descriptive risk factor summaries for the 2022 and 2023 outbreaks were generated. First and second dose vaccination was monitored. Monkeypox virus wastewater surveillance and whole genome sequencing (WGS) were conducted to generate hypotheses about the source of the 2023 resurgence.Results515 cases were reported in the spring/summer outbreak of 2022 and 17 in the 2022-2023 resurgence. Wastewater data correlated with the timing of reported cases. WGS showed that the 2022-2023 resurgent cases were distinct from the other 2022 cases and closer to sequences from another country, suggesting a new importation as a source for recent cases. At the start of the 2022-2023 resurgence, it was estimated that only 16% of first dose vaccine recipients had completed their second dose vaccination.DiscussionThis investigation demonstrates the importance of ongoing surveillance and preparedness for mpox outbreaks. Undetected local transmission was not a likely source of the 2022-2023 resurgence. Ongoing pre-exposure vaccine promotion remains important to mitigate disease burden.
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35
A case of fatal Monkeypox infection: necropsy and molecular findings, with some considerations related to clinical management.
María Paniagua-García, Carlos S. Casimiro-Soriguer, David Chinchón, M Dolores Navarro-Amuedo, Rafael Luque-Márquez, Enrique de Álava, Jose A. Lepe, J.M. Cisneros
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 30.11.2023
Tilføjet 30.11.2023
Human monkeypox (mpox) is usually self-limited infection, however, rising data show a worse outcome in patients with impaired immune status, particularly those co-infected with HIV(1,2).
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36
Variola virus and clade I monkeypox virus differentially modulate cellular responses longitudinally in monocytes during infection
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 25.11.2023
Tilføjet 25.11.2023
AbstractVariola virus (VARV), the etiological agent of smallpox, had enormous impacts on global health prior to its eradication. In the absence of global vaccination programs, monkeypox virus (MPXV) has become a growing public health threat that includes endemic regions of Sub-Saharan Africa and, more recently, non-endemic regions following the identification of clade IIb MPXV in many global regions. While human mpox resembles smallpox in clinical presentation, there are considerable knowledge gaps regarding conservation of molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis between these two human orthopoxviruses. Given this paucity of knowledge, we sought to compare MPXV and VARV infections in human monocytes through kinome analysis. We performed a longitudinal analysis of host cellular responses to VARV infection in human monocytes as well as a comparative analysis to clade I MPXV-mediated responses. While infection with either virus resulted in greater activation of cellular responses early in the course of infection as compared to later time points, several key differences in specific cell signaling events were identified and validated through the analysis of inhibition of kinases and cell signaling pathways on viral infection. These observations will help in the design and development of pan-orthopoxvirus therapeutics. To our knowledge, this is the first assessment of host cell signaling responses during VARV infection and comparison of host cell signaling response modulation by VARV and clade I MPXV.
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37
A meta‐analysis and mapping of global mpox infection among children and adolescents
Tarun Kumar Suvvari; Mokanpally Sandeep; Jogender Kumar; Prakasini Satapathy; Santenna Chenchula; Aravind P. Gandhi; Muhammad Aaqib Shamim; Patricia Schlagenhauf; Alfonso J. Rodríguez‐Morales; Ranjit Sah; Keerti Bhusan Pradhan; Sarvesh Rustagi; Alaa Hamza Hermis; Bijaya K. Padhi;
Reviews in Medical Virology, 8.09.2023
Tilføjet 8.09.2023
Monkeypox (mpox) is a significant health concern affecting children and adolescents globally. This systematic review and meta‐analysis aims to synthesise the available evidence on the proportion of children and adolescents affected by the mpox virus. A comprehensive search was conducted in seven electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, ProQuest, EBSCOHost, and Cochrane) to identify the original reports on mpox cases in children and adolescents till 15 January 2023. Descriptive reports on probable or laboratory‐confirmed mpox in children and adolescents (0–17 years old) were considered eligible. Studies not providing separate data for the above age group and case‐control studies were excluded. The primary outcome was pooled proportion of mpox cases among children and adolescents. Proportion meta‐analysis and heterogeneity between studies were determined using a restricted maximum likelihood estimator, and a random‐effects model was fitted to the data. Sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were also conducted. A drapery plot was also provided as a complementary figure to the forest plot. The protocol was prospectively registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023392475). A total of 440 studies were identified, of which 37 were included in the review and 25 in the meta‐analysis (62,701 participants with 3306 children and adolescents). The pooled proportion of children and adolescents was 0.46 (95% CI: 0.30–0.63, :100%). The proportion of children and adolescents was significantly lower (
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38
Behavioral aspects and the transmission of Monkeypox: A novel approach to determine the probability of transmission for sexually transmissible diseases
Infectious Disease Modelling, 17.07.2023
Tilføjet 17.07.2023
Publication date: Available online 17 July 2023 Source: Infectious Disease Modelling Author(s): G.D. Fernandes, Victor Maldonado
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39
Clinical manifestations of human Mpox infection: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Hyunju Yon; Hyoin Shin; Jae Il Shin; Jung U Shin; Youn Ho Shin; Jinseok Lee; Sang Youl Rhee; Ai Koyanagi; Louis Jacob; Lee Smith; Seung Won Lee; Masoud Rahmati; Suhana Ahmad; Wonyoung Cho; Dong Keon Yon;
Reviews in Medical Virology, 10.07.2023
Tilføjet 10.07.2023
Little is known about the ongoing monkeypox (mpox) outbreak, and the clinical features of mpox in patients worldwide have not been rigorously analysed. Thus, we aimed to investigate the clinical features associated with mpox infection and understand the pathophysiology and characteristics of the disease. For this systematic review and meta‐analysis, we searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for articles published till 16 September 2022. We used a random effects model to calculate the pooled prevalence and 95% confidence interval (CI). We used the statistic to assess heterogeneity, Egger\'s test to assess publication bias, 95% prediction interval to determine the level of uncertainty, and the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale and Joanna Briggs Institute quality assessment tool to assess the risk of bias. Twenty‐six relevant articles from 19 countries across 5 continents were included, and data on 5472 mpox patients with 18 unique features were analysed. The pooled prevalence of clinical features of mpox were rash (85.7%, 95% CI: 68.3–94.3; = 21), chills (77.8%, 95% CI: 70.5–83.7; = 3), and fever (62.3%, 95% CI: 51.3–71.6; = 25), lymphadenopathy (58.6%, 95% CI: 47.2–69.2; = 21), lethargy or exhaustion (46.8%, 95% CI: 30.7–63.5; = 14), pruritus (40.6%, 95% CI: 28.5–54.0; = 5), myalgia (36.0%, 95% CI: 24.3–49.7; = 16), headache (34.6%, 95% CI: 23.4–47.8; = 17), skin ulcer (31.1%, 95% CI: 18.6–47.1; = 7), abdomen symptom (24.2%, 95% CI: 17.9–31.9; = 11), pharyngitis (23.0%, 95% CI: 12.7–37.9; = 14), respiratory symptom (19.5%, 95% CI: 6.8–44.6; = 6), nausea or vomiting (13.0%, 95% CI: 4.6–31.9; = 3), scrotal or penile oedema (10.7%, 95% CI: 6.3–17.7; = 4), conjunctivitis (7.1%, 95% CI: 2.4–18.9; = 6), and death (0.9%, 95% CI: 0.4–2.0; = 26). This is the first international and comprehensive study to examine all clinical presentations of human mpox infection. Our systematic review proposes a comprehensive understanding of the current mpox outbreak and may serve as key data for future studies on the pathological mechanisms and epidemiology of mpox infections.
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40
Effect of prior immunisation with smallpox vaccine for protection against human Mpox: A systematic review
Fahima Akter; Tahira Binte Hasan; Farhana Alam; Aurpy Das; Shanta Afrin; Sadia Maisha; Abdullah Al Masud; Saif‐Ur‐Rahman KM;
Reviews in Medical Virology, 10.07.2023
Tilføjet 10.07.2023
Monkeypox is an emerging threat to humans since a new outbreak in May 2022. It is hypothesised that increasing the immunologically naive population after the cessation of the smallpox vaccination campaign in the 1980s is one of the leading causes of it. A literature search was conducted using different electronic databases including MEDLINE (through PubMed), SCOPUS, Web of Science, Cochrane library, and EMBASE for relevant studies. After duplication removal, abstract and title screening, and full‐text screening were done, the data were extracted, tabulated, and analysed. The risk of bias was assessed following the Risk of Bias Assessment tool for Non‐randomised Studies. We found a total of 1068 relevant articles and finally, we included 6 articles including 2083 participants. The studies suggested that smallpox is 80.7% efficacious to prevent human monkeypox and the immunity provided by prior smallpox vaccination is long‐lasting. Moreover, the smallpox vaccination decreases the risk of human monkeypox by 5.2‐folds. Two cross‐sectional studies based on the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) including a total of around 1800 monkeypox cases found that unvaccinated participants had 2.73 and 9.64‐fold increased risk of monkeypox compared to the vaccinated participants. Other studies in USA and Spain also demonstrated that unvaccinated people were more prone to develop monkeypox than vaccinated people. Furthermore, monkeypox incidence has increased by 20 folds, 30 years after the cessation of the smallpox vaccination campaign in DRC. Evidence‐based preventive and therapeutic agents are still not available for human monkeypox. Further study should be done to explore the role of the smallpox vaccine in preventing human monkeypox.
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