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Laurent ChorroTara CiolinoCaresse Lynn TorresArthur IllenbergerJohnPaul AglionePaula CortsJacqueline LypowyChristopher PonceAnnalena La PorteDeborah BurtGretchen L. VolbergLila RamaiahKathryn McGovernJianfang HuAnnaliesa S. AndersonNatalie C. Silmon de MonerriIsis KanevskyRobert G. K. Donald1Pfizer Vaccine Research and Development, Pearl River, New York, USA2Pfizer Drug Safety Research and Development, Groton, Connecticut, USA3Pfizer Drug Safety Research and Development, Pearl River, New York, USA4Pfizer Research Biostatistics, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USAAndreas J. Bäumler
Infection and Immunity, 20.09.2024
Tilføjet 20.09.2024
Johanna RhodesJonathan JacobsEmily K. DennisSwati R. ManjariNilesh K. BanavaliRobert MarlowMohammed Anower RokebulSudha ChaturvediVishnu Chaturvedi1Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, the Netherlands2MRC GIDA, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom3American Type Culture Collection, University Blvd, Manassas, Virginia, USA4Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA5School of Public Health, University of Albany, Albany, New York, USA6Westchester Medical Center/New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USAAndreas H. Groll
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 20.09.2024
Tilføjet 20.09.2024
Tamara V. MilosevicGaëlle VertenoeilWilliam VainchenkerPaul M. TulkensStefan N. ConstantinescuFrançoise Van Bambeke1Pharmacologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium2Signal Transduction and Molecular Hematology Unit (SIGN), de Duve Institute, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Brussels, Belgium3Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Brussels, Belgium4UMR 1170, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Paris-Sud & Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France5WELBIO Department, WEL Research Institute, Wavre, Belgium6Nuffield Department of Medicine, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United KingdomJames E. Leggett
Antimicrobial Agents And Chemotherapy, 20.09.2024
Tilføjet 20.09.2024
Xinye Wang, Gregory Walker, Ki W. Kim, Sacha Stelzer‐Braid, Matthew Scotch, William D. Rawlinson
Journal of Medical Virology, 20.09.2024
Tilføjet 20.09.2024
Nobendu Mukerjee, Swastika Maitra, Dattatreya Mukherjee, Arabinda Ghosh, Athanasios T. Alexiou, Nanasheb D. Thorat
Journal of Medical Virology, 20.09.2024
Tilføjet 20.09.2024
Daniel Pan, Basant Mohamed, Abhishek Gupta, Zaki Arshad, Charlie Strachan, Cristina Celma, Sonal Kapoor, Oliver T. R. Toovey, Stuart Beard, Julian W. Tang
Journal of Medical Virology, 20.09.2024
Tilføjet 20.09.2024
Jéssica Amo‐Navarrete, Sara García‐Oreja, Diego León‐Herce, David Navarro‐Pérez, José Luís Lázaro‐Martínez, Francisco Javier Álvaro‐Afonso
Journal of Medical Virology, 20.09.2024
Tilføjet 20.09.2024
Ji Wu, Xiping Shen
Journal of Medical Virology, 20.09.2024
Tilføjet 20.09.2024
Feng Jiang, Yongxiang Zhao, Ruihao Peng, Ya Wen, Yudan Bi, Yichen Zhou, Yao Chen, Hua Deng, Xiaohu Han, Zeliang Chen
Journal of Medical Virology, 20.09.2024
Tilføjet 20.09.2024
Mauro Bombaci, Enrico Mario Alessandro Fassi, Andrea Gobbini, Davide Mileto, Irene Cassaniti, Elisa Pesce, Emanuele Casali, Alessandro Mancon, Jose’ Sammartino, Alessandro Ferrari, Elena Percivalle, Romualdo Grande, Edoardo Marchisio, Maria Rita Gismondo, Sergio Abrignani, Fausto Baldanti, Giorgio Colombo, Renata Grifantini
Journal of Medical Virology, 20.09.2024
Tilføjet 20.09.2024
Abraham, Bisrat K.; Vogler, Mary; Talati, Achala; Suresh, Prapitha; Gill, Balwant; Ravikumar, Saiganesh; Shepard, Colin; Gulick, Roy; Nash, Denis; Peters, Vicki
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 20.09.2024
Tilføjet 20.09.2024
Background: Maternal and pregnancy outcomes among women with perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV) versus women with HIV acquired through other routes (NPHIV), are not fully understood. Setting: U.S.-born women during 2005–2015 in New York City (NYC) Methods: We utilized data from the NYC HIV surveillance registry, Expanded Perinatal Surveillance (EPS) database, and Vital Statistics, to compare pregnancy and all-cause mortality outcomes among women with PHIV versus NPHIV delivering infants during 2005–2015. Results: There were 186 deliveries among 137 women with PHIV and 1188 deliveries among 910 women with NPHIV. Women with PHIV were younger at delivery, more likely to be aware of their HIV status, and less likely to use substances or be incarcerated. At the time of delivery, women with PHIV were more likely to have HIV RNA>1,000 copies/mL (34% vs. 19%), CD4
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedJalil, Cristina Moreira; Maia Teixeira, Sylvia Lopes; Coutinho, Carolina; Nazer, Sandro Coutinho; Carvalheira, Eduardo; Hoagland, Brenda; Wagner, Sandra; Luz, Paula M.; Veloso, Valdilea G.; Grinsztejn, Beatriz; Jalil, Emilia Moreira; Torres, Thiago S.
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 20.09.2024
Tilføjet 20.09.2024
Background: The Covid-19 pandemic had great impact on HIV care and prevention worldwide, including in Brazil. We compared HIV testing, recent infection, and annualized incidence according to Covid-19 pandemic period among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW). Setting: HIV/STI testing, prevention and treatment referral service in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Methods: We used Maxim HIV-1 Limiting Antigen Avidity EIA as part of recent infection testing algorithm to identify recent HIV infections and estimate annualized HIV incidences in pre- (March/2018-February/2020) and post-Covid-19 pandemic onset period (March/2020-January 2022). Multivariable logistic regression model assessed factors associated with recent HIV infection. Results: Among 4590 MSM and TGW, 593 (12.9%) tested positive for HIV and 119 (2.6%) were identified as having recent infection. Percentage of recent HIV infection did not differ between Covid-19 periods. Overall annualized HIV incidence rates were 6.0% (95%CI:4.2-7.7) and 6.6% (95%CI:4.3-9.0) in pre- and post-Covid-19 periods, respectively. During the post-Covid-19 period, higher incidence rates were observed among TGW (8.4%[95%CI:2.9-13.9]), those aged 18-24 years (7.8%[ 95%CI:4.0-11.7]), Black race (7.9%[95%CI:3.8-12.0]), and with 30 years and TGW, and lower for those with more years of schooling. Conclusion: HIV incidence estimates remain high among MSM and TGW in Brazil, especially among the most vulnerable. The consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic on the HIV epidemic will likely persist and contribute to worsening HIV outcomes. Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedSelzer, Lisa; VanderVeen, Laurie A.; Parvangada, Aiyappa; Martin, Ross; Collins, Sean E.; Mehrotra, Megha; Callebaut, Christian
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 20.09.2024
Tilføjet 20.09.2024
Background: HIV envelope (env) diversity may result in resistance to broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs). Assessment of genotypic or phenotypic susceptibility to antiretroviral treatment is often performed in people with HIV-1 (PWH) and used for clinical trial screening for HIV-1 bNAb susceptibility. Optimal bNAb susceptibility screening methods are not yet clear. Methods: Phenotypic and genotypic analyses were conducted on 124 screening samples from a Phase 1b study of bNAbs teropavimab (3BNC117-LS) and zinlirvimab (10-1074-LS) administered with lenacapavir in virally suppressed PWH. Phenotypic analysis was conducted on integrated HIV-1 provirus and stimulated outgrowth virus, with susceptibility to bNAbs defined as 90% inhibitory concentration ≤2 μg/mL. The proviral DNA HIV env gene was genotyped using deep sequencing, and bNAb susceptibility predicted using published env amino acid signatures. Results: Proviral phenotypic results were reported for 109 of 124 samples; 75% (82/109) were susceptible to teropavimab, 65% (71/109) to zinlirvimab, and 50% (55/109) to both bNAbs. Phenotypic susceptibility of outgrowth viruses was available for 39 samples; 56% (22/39) were susceptible to teropavimab, and 64% (25/39) to zinlirvimab. Phenotypic susceptibilities correlated between these methods: teropavimab r = 0.82 (P
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedHuang, Ya-Lin A.; Lowy, Elliott; Zhu, Weiming; Yu, Lei; Wei, Wei; Maier, Marissa M.; Hoover, Karen W.; Beste, Lauren A.
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 20.09.2024
Tilføjet 20.09.2024
Objectives. It is important to monitor national HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use in the United States. However, PrEP use data in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) system are not included in the current monitoring surveillance. To address this gap, we examined the trends in PrEP use among U.S. Veterans receiving health services in the VHA system. Methods. We analyzed 2014-2022 VHA data to identify the annual number and prevalence of persons aged ≥18 years prescribed PrEP, stratified by sex, age, race and ethnicity, and region. We also assessed trends by calculating the estimated annual percent change (EAPC) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using Poisson models. Results. The number of Veterans prescribed PrEP increased from 361 in 2014 to 6,050 in 2022 with an EAPC of 29.6% (95% CI, 22.6–37.1). Of 6,050 Veterans with PrEP prescriptions in 2022, 95.2% were men, 4.8% were women, 50.4% were White, 24.5% Black or African American (Black) and 14.0% Hispanic or Latino. The prevalence of Black and Hispanic or Latino individuals prescribed PrEP increased significantly from 2014-2022. Conclusion. VHA data fill a gap in monitoring PrEP use in the United States. We observed an increasing trend in the number of Veterans prescribed PrEP similar to trends among persons with commercial or public health insurance. Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedAngulique, Outlaw; Thomas, Templin; Karen, MacDonell; Monique, Jones; Elizabeth, Secord; Sylvie, Naar
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 20.09.2024
Tilføjet 20.09.2024
Background: Adolescents and young adults (age 13 – 24) accounted for 20% of HIV diagnoses in the United States and 6 dependent areas in 2020. Optimal treatment adherence during adolescence and young adulthood decreases the pool of infectious individuals during the risky sexual activity commonly reported among AYAs living with HIV. Methods: Adolescents and young adults newly recommended to start antiretroviral therapy (ART) were recruited, nationally, from seven clinical sites. At each clinical site, participants were randomized to receive a two-session (baseline and 1- month) online intervention. For the Motivational Enhancement System for Health (MESA) intervention condition, based on the principles of motivational interviewing, participants received ART information and personalized feedback + ART standard of care (n = 86), while for the System for Health (SH) control condition, participants received information on healthy eating and physical activity + ART standard of care (n = 66). Results: Adherence was 21% greater in the MESA intervention group compared to the SH control group at 6 months. Additionally, the MESA intervention group was significantly more adherent during the post intervention, and was more likely to maintain viral suppression up to 12 months after initiating ART if both doses of the intervention were received compared to the SH control group. Conclusion: A brief, scalable online computer-delivered intervention shows promise for achieving long-term health outcomes due to improved adherence when intervention occurs early in the course of treatment. Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedCorbett, Craig; van Rensburg, Roland; Brey, Naeem; O’Hagan, Suzanne; Esterhuizen, Tonya M.; Chow, Felicia C.; Decloedt, Eric H.
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 20.09.2024
Tilføjet 20.09.2024
Burkhard Tümmler, Jutta Ulrich, Ludwig Sedlacek
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 20.09.2024
Tilføjet 20.09.2024
Airway infections with Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) or Burkholderia gladioli [1] currently affect less than two percent of people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) [2], but they are burdened by patient-to-patient transmission [3, 4], spread of virulent epidemic strains [5] and poor clinical outcomes [4, 6]. For example, infection with the Burkholderia cenocepacia ET12 epidemic strain has been associated with accelerated lung function decline, rapid, usually fatal deterioration in previously mildly affected patients (‘cepacia’ syndrome) [4, 6] and increased mortality both before and after lung transplantation [7].
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedFrederick J. Angulo, Emily Colby, Anne-Mette Lebech, Per-Eric Lindgren, Anna Moniuszko-Malinowska, Franc Strle, Julia Olsen, Gordon Brestrich, Andrew Vyse, Madiha Shafquat, L. Hannah Gould, Patrick H. Kelly, Andreas Pilz, Kate Halsby, Jennifer C. Moïsi, James H. Stark
International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 20.09.2024
Tilføjet 20.09.2024
Lyme borreliosis (LB), an infection caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex (Bbsl), is the most common tick-borne disease in Europe [1]. Although LB commonly presents as erythema migrans (EM), Bbsl infection can disseminate resulting in Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB), arthritis, or carditis [1].
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedIrina Kontsevaya
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 19.09.2024
Tilføjet 19.09.2024
Tuberculosis infection (TBI) refers to the state when an immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is detected in the absence of clinical, microbiological, or radiological signs of active disease. In some cases, TBI can progress to TB disease via stages of incipient and subclinical TB [1]. Given that Mtb remains in a low replicative state during TBI, no reliable tool for the direct detection of bacteria is currently available. Instead, an indirect evaluation of infection based on measuring the Mtb-specific immune response is applied using tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) [1].
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedPauline Leroux, Soraya Matczak, Valérie Bouchez, Stevenn Volant, Antoine Ouziel, Elise Launay, Albert Faye, Valérie Rabier, Jean Sarlangue, Eric Jeziorski, Zoha Maakaroun-Vermesse, Fouad Madhi, Didier Pinquier, Mathie Lorrot, Marie Pouletty, Aymeric Cantais, Etienne Javouhey, Fatima Aït Belghiti, Sophie Guillot, Carla Rodrigues, Sylvain Brisse, Jérémie F. Cohen, Julie Toubiana
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 19.09.2024
Tilføjet 19.09.2024
Virulence factors of the causative agent, Bordetella pertussis, may be involved in fulminant pertussis, the most severe form of whooping cough (pertussis) in infants. We aimed to assess the association between fulminant pertussis and the status of pertactin (PRN) production of B. pertussis clinical isolates.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedRussell E. Lewis, Marta Stanzani
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 19.09.2024
Tilføjet 19.09.2024
For nearly two decades, posaconazole has been a preferred choice for primary antifungal prophylaxis in patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) who are at high risk for mould infections [1]. When first approved in 2006, posaconazole was available only as an oral suspension that required frequent dosing with a high fat meal and low gastric pH for absorption. These characteristics made the drug difficult to use in the HSCT population, where gastrointestinal complications such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, and intestinal graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) are common.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedLars Bjerrum, Ivan Gentile, Oliver van Hecke, Jan Y. Verbakel, Carl Llor
Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 19.09.2024
Tilføjet 19.09.2024
We have, with interest, read the article titled “Impact of C-reactive protein point-of-care testing on antibiotic prescriptions for children and adults with suspected respiratory tract infections in primary care: a French patient-level randomised controlled superiority trial” and commend the authors for their valuable contribution [1]. However, caution should be considered in interpreting the results.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedEvans, A., Mawson, P., Thomas, H., Keen, K., Watson, C. J., McAuley, D. F., MacGowan, G. A., Sheerin, N. S., Fisher, A., Shaw, J., Yates, H., Fallow, A., Kounali, D., Banks, J., Stevens, M., Paul, R., Hodge, R., Lawson, E., Harvey, D., Dark, J.
BMJ Open, 19.09.2024
Tilføjet 19.09.2024
IntroductionSuccessful organ transplantation in patients with end-stage organ failure improves long-term survival, improves quality of life and reduces costs to the NHS. Despite an increase in the number of deceased organ donors over the last decade, there remains a considerable shortfall of suitable organs available for transplantation. Over half of UK donors are certified dead by neurological criteria following brain stem compression, which leads to severe physiological stress in the donor, combined with a hyperinflammatory state. Brain stem death-related dysfunction is an important reason for poor organ function and hence utilisation. For example, more than 30% of donation after brain stem death cardiac transplant recipients need short-term mechanical cardiac support, reflecting donor heart dysfunction. A small, randomised study previously showed improved outcomes for cardiac transplant recipients if the donor was given simvastatin. SIGNET takes inspiration from that study and hypothesises a potential reduction in damage to the heart and other organs during the period after diagnosis of death and prior to organ retrieval in donors that receive simvastatin. Methods and analysisSIGNET is a multicentre, single-blind, prospective, group sequential, randomised controlled trial to evaluate the benefits of a single high dose of simvastatin given to potential organ donors diagnosed dead by neurological criteria on outcomes in all organ recipients. The trial will run across a minimum of 89 UK sites with a recruitment target of 2600 donors over 4 years. Ethics and disseminationSIGNET received a favourable opinion from the London, Queen Square Research Ethics Committee (Ref: 21/LO/0412) and following approval of substantial amendment 1 in January 2023, the current protocol is version 2 (7 December 2022). Substantial amendment 1 clarified consent procedures and added additional sites and prescribers. Findings from the study will be publicly available and disseminated locally and internationally through manuscript publications in peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations at national and international platforms. Trial registration numberISRCTN11440354
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 19.09.2024
Tilføjet 19.09.2024
Abstract Background A new pathogen detection tool, metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), has been widely used for infection diagnosis, but the clinical and diagnostic value of mNGS in urinary tract infection (UTI) remains inconclusive. This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to investigate the efficacy of mNGS in treating UTIs. Methods A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, and eligible studies were selected based on the predetermined criteria. The quality of the included studies was assessed via the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool, and the certainty of evidence (CoE) was measured by the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations (GRADE) score. Then, the positive detection rate (PDR), pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve of the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was estimated in Review Manager, Stata, and MetaDisc. Subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and sensitivity analysis were performed to reveal the potential factors that influence internal heterogeneity. Results A total of 17 studies were selected for further analysis. The PDR of mNGS was markedly greater than that of culture (odds ratio (OR) = 2.87, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.72–4.81, p
Læs mere Tjek på PubMedBMC Infectious Diseases, 19.09.2024
Tilføjet 19.09.2024
Abstract Introduction Reinfection with SARS-Cov-2 after recovery can occur that most of them don’t require hospitalization. The aim of this study is estimation of out-patient COVID-19 reinfection and recurrence rates and its associated factors among Iranian patients with history of confirmed SARS-Cov-2 infection and hospitalization. Methods This study is a retrospective cohort conducted from May 2021 to May 2022 in Iran. The national Medical Care Monitoring Center (MCMC) database, obtained from the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, includes all information about confirmed COVID-19 patients who are hospitalized and diagnosed during the pandemic. Using probability proportional to size sampling from 31 provinces, 1,532 patients over one years of age with a history of hospitalization in the MCMC data are randomly selected. After that, interviews by phone are performed with all of the selected patients using a researcher-made questionnaire about the occurrence of overall reinfection without considering the time of infection occurrence, reinfection occurring at least 90 days after the discharge and recurrence (occurring within 90 days after discharge). Univariate and multivariable Cox regression analyses are performed to assess the factors associated with each index. All of the analyses are performed using Stata software version 16. Results In general, 1,532 phone calls are made, out of which 1,095 individuals are willing to participate in the study (response rate ≃ 71%). After assessing the 1,095 patients with a positive history of COVID-19, the rates of non-hospitalized overall SARS-Cov-2 reinfection, reinfection and recurrence are 122.64, 114.09, and 8.55 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. The age range of 19–64 years (aHR:3.93, 95%CI : 1.24–12.41) and COVID-19-related healthcare worker (aHR: 3.67, 95%CI: 1.77–7.61) are identified as risk factors for reinfection, while having comorbidity, being fully vaccinated, and having a partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) ≥ 93 mmHg during the initial infection are identified as factors that reduce the risk of non-hospitalized reinfection. Conclusion Reinfection due to COVID-19 is possible because of the weakened immune system for various reasons and the mutation of the virus. Vaccination, timely boosters, and adherence to preventive measures can help mitigate this risk.
Læs mere Tjek på PubMed