Aktuelle smitsomme sygdomme
Søgeord (covid-19) valgt.
13 emner vises.
Martin Šmíd, Tamara Barusová, Jiří Jarkovský, Ondřej Májek, Tomáš Pavlík, Lenka Přibylová, Josefína Weinerová, Milan Zajíček and Jan Trnka
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 30.08.2024
Tilføjet 30.08.2024
BackgroundCOVID-19 remains a major infectious disease with substantial implications for individual and public health including the risk of a post-infection syndrome, long COVID. The continuous changes in dominant variants of SARS-CoV-2 necessitate a careful study of the effect of preventative strategies. AimWe aimed to estimate the effectiveness of post-vaccination, post-infection and hybrid immunity against severe cases requiring oxygen support caused by infections with SARS-CoV-2 variants BA1/2 and BA4/5+, and against long COVID in the infected population and their changes over time. MethodsWe used a Cox regression analysis with time-varying covariates and calendar time and logistic regression applied to national-level data from Czechia from December 2021 until August 2023. ResultsRecently boosted vaccination, post-infection and hybrid immunity provide significant protection against a severe course of COVID-19, while unboosted vaccination more than 10 months ago has a negligible protective effect. The post-vaccination immunity against the BA1/2 or BA4/5+ variants, especially based on the original vaccine types, appears to wane rapidly compared with post-infection and hybrid immunity. Once infected, however, previous immunity plays only a small protective role against long COVID. ConclusionVaccination remains an effective preventative measure against a severe course of COVID-19 but its effectiveness wanes over time thus highlighting the importance of booster doses. Once infected, vaccines may have a small protective effect against the development of long COVID.
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 28.08.2024
Tilføjet 28.08.2024
The program\'s end will leave the Canadian province without a valuable tool for monitoring infectious disease. Medscape Medical News
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 23.08.2024
Tilføjet 23.08.2024
A large study shows higher rates of depression and mental illness up to a year after COVID-19, especially severe cases of the infection, in unvaccinated adults. Medscape Medical News
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 23.08.2024
Tilføjet 23.08.2024
COVID-19 vaccination was not associated with increased risk for multiple sclerosis relapse, except in those with high MS activity. Medscape Medical News
Læs mereMattijs S Lambooij, Joyce Pijpers, Jan van de Kassteele, Mirjam P Fransen, Susan JM Hahné, Niek Hof, Floor M Kroese, Hester de Melker, Mart van Dijk, Ellen Uiters and Marijn de Bruin
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 23.08.2024
Tilføjet 23.08.2024
BackgroundVaccine uptake differs between social groups. Mobile vaccination units (MV-units) were deployed in the Netherlands by municipal health services in neighbourhoods with low uptake of COVID-19 vaccines. AimWe aimed to evaluate the impact of MV-units on vaccine uptake in neighbourhoods with low vaccine uptake. MethodsWe used the Dutch national-level registry of COVID-19 vaccinations (CIMS) and MV-unit deployment registrations containing observations in 253 neighbourhoods where MV-units were deployed and 890 contiguous neighbourhoods (total observations: 88,543 neighbourhood-days). A negative binomial regression with neighbourhood-specific temporal effects using splines was used to study the effect. ResultsDuring deployment, the increase in daily vaccination rate in targeted neighbourhoods ranged from a factor 2.0 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.8–2.2) in urbanised neighbourhoods to 14.5 (95% CI: 11.6–18.0) in rural neighbourhoods. The effects were larger in neighbourhoods with more voters for the Dutch conservative Reformed Christian party but smaller in neighbourhoods with a higher proportion of people with non-western migration backgrounds. The absolute increase in uptake over the complete intervention period ranged from 0.22 percentage points (95% CI: 0.18–0.26) in the most urbanised neighbourhoods to 0.33 percentage point (95% CI: 0.28–0.37) in rural neighbourhoods. ConclusionDeployment of MV-units increased daily vaccination rate, particularly in rural neighbourhoods, with longer travel distance to permanent vaccination locations. This public health intervention shows promise to reduce geographic and social health inequalities, but more proactive and long-term deployment is required to identify its potential to substantially contribute to overall vaccination rates at country level.
Læs mereLea Gur-Arie, Michal Stein, Hanna Sefty, Ilana S Fratty, Ital Nemet, Limor Kliker, Nofar Atari, Neta S Zuckerman, Alina Rosenberg, Heftziba Ivgi, Orit Golan-Shany, Nadav Sorek, Orna Schwartz-Harari, Michal Bromberg, Lital Keinan-Boker, Michal Mandelboim, Aharona Glatman-Freedman and on behalf of the Israeli Respiratory Viruses Hospital Laboratory Network (IRVHLN)
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 9.08.2024
Tilføjet 9.08.2024
BackgroundA new respiratory virus surveillance platform, based on nationwide hospital laboratory data, was established in Israel during the COVID-19 pandemic. AimWe aimed to evaluate the performance of this platform with respect to the detection of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) from week 36 in 2020 to week 15 in 2023, and how it fits with the World Health Organization (WHO) mosaic surveillance framework. MethodsData of respiratory samples from hospitalised patients sent for laboratory confirmation of influenza virus or RSV from 25 general hospital laboratories nationwide were collected. We analysed the weekly number and percentage of samples positive for influenza virus or RSV vis-à-vis SARS-CoV-2 activity and compared data from the new surveillance platform with existing surveillance platforms. Using data in the new surveillance platform, we analysed early stages of a 2021 out-of-season RSV outbreak and evaluated the capabilities of the new surveillance system with respect to objectives and domains of the WHO mosaic framework. ResultsThe new hospital-laboratory surveillance platform captured the activity of influenza virus and RSV, provided crucial data when outpatient sentinel surveillance was not operational and supported an out-of-season RSV outbreak investigation. The new surveillance platform fulfilled important objectives in all three domains of the mosaic framework and could serve for gathering additional information to fulfil more domain objectives. ConclusionThe new hospital laboratory surveillance platform provided essential data during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond, fulfilled important domain objectives of the mosaic framework and could be adapted for the surveillance of other viruses.
Læs mereStatens Serum Institut, 8.08.2024
Tilføjet 8.08.2024
Ny undersøgelse fra WHO/Europa bekræfter den livsreddende effekt af covid-19-vacciner. Statens Serum Institut (SSI) har bidraget til undersøgelsen, som er relevant i en tid med flere årlige smittebølger.
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 8.08.2024
Tilføjet 8.08.2024
Administering anti–IL-6 therapy in later pregnancy may be safe for women who would benefit from it, showed a study that evaluated its safety in critically ill pregnant women with COVID-19. Medscape Medical News
Læs mereDani Cohen, Orit Treygerman, Shifra Ken-Dror, Orli Sagi, Merav Strauss, Miriam Parizade, Sophy Goren, Analía V Ezernitchi, Assaf Rokney, Lital Keinan-Boker and Ravit Bassal
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 2.08.2024
Tilføjet 2.08.2024
BackgroundShigella is a leading cause of moderate-to-severe diarrhoea worldwide and diarrhoeal deaths in children in low- and-middle-income countries. AimWe investigated trends and characteristics of shigellosis and antimicrobial resistance of Shigella sonnei in Israel. MethodsWe analysed data generated by the Sentinel Laboratory-Based Surveillance Network for Enteric Pathogens that systematically collects data on detection of Shigella at sentinel laboratories, along with the characterisation of the isolates at the Shigella National Reference Laboratory. Trends in the shigellosis incidence were assessed using Joinpoint regression and interrupted time-series analyses. ResultsThe average incidence of culture-confirmed shigellosis in Israel declined from 114 per 100,000 population (95% confidence interval (CI): 112–115) 1998–2004 to 80 per 100,000 population (95% CI: 79–82) 2005–2011. This rate remained stable 2012–2019, being 18–32 times higher than that reported from the United States or European high-income countries. After decreasing to its lowest values during the COVID-19 pandemic years (19/100,000 in 2020 and 5/100,000 in 2021), the incidence of culture-confirmed shigellosis increased to 39 per 100,000 population in 2022. Shigella sonnei is the most common serogroup, responsible for a cyclic occurrence of propagated epidemics, and the proportion of Shigella flexneri has decreased. Simultaneous resistance of S. sonnei to ceftriaxone, ampicillin and sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim increased from 8.5% (34/402) in 2020 to 92.0% (801/876) in 2022. ConclusionsThese findings reinforce the need for continuous laboratory-based surveillance and inform the primary and secondary prevention strategies for shigellosis in Israel and other endemic high-income countries or communities.
Læs mereCarla Rodrigues, Valérie Bouchez, Anaïs Soares, Sabine Trombert-Paolantoni, Fatima Aït El Belghiti, Jérémie F Cohen, Nathalie Armatys, Annie Landier, Thomas Blanchot, Marie Hervo, REMICOQ study group, Julie Toubiana and Sylvain Brisse
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 2.08.2024
Tilføjet 2.08.2024
As other European countries, France is experiencing a resurgence of pertussis in 2024. Between 1 January and 31 May 2024, 5,616 (24.9%) positive Bordetella pertussis qPCR tests were identified, following a 3-year period of almost null incidence. Of 67 cultured and whole genome sequenced B. pertussis isolates, 66 produced pertactin and 56 produced FIM2, in contrast to pre-COVID-19 years. One isolate of genotype Bp-AgST4 was resistant to macrolides. Pertussis resurgence may favour isolates that produce FIM2 and pertactin.
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 30.07.2024
Tilføjet 30.07.2024
COVID-19 vaccine maker BioNTech\'s cancer drug candidate BNT111 showed significant improvement in the response rate in patients with advanced melanoma during a Phase 2 trial,... Reuters Health Information
Læs mereECDC
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 29.07.2024
Tilføjet 29.07.2024
This Reporting Protocol describes data collection for influenza, COVID-19, and other respiratory viruses (such as RSV or new viruses of public health concern) in the EU/EEA and wider WHO European Region. Data collection is integrated for most datasets in line with the operational considerations for respiratory virus surveillance in Europe.
Læs mereMaria Siopi, Panagiota-Christina Georgiou, Paschalis Paranos, Maria-Ioanna Beredaki, Aikaterini Tarpatzi, Eleni Kalogeropoulou, Sofia Damianidou, Alexandra Vasilakopoulou, Polyxeni Karakosta, Spyros Pournaras and Joseph Meletiadis
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 20.07.2024
Tilføjet 20.07.2024
BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic and the emergence of Candida auris have changed the epidemiological landscape of candidaemia worldwide. AimWe compared the epidemiological trends of candidaemia in a Greek tertiary academic hospital before (2009–2018) and during the early COVID-19 (2020–2021) and late COVID-19/early post-pandemic (2022–2023) era. MethodsIncidence rates, species distribution, antifungal susceptibility profile and antifungal consumption were recorded, and one-way ANOVA or Fisher’s exact test performed. Species were identified by MALDI-ToF MS, and in vitro susceptibility determined with CLSI M27-Ed4 for C. auris and the EUCAST-E.DEF 7.3.2 for other Candida spp. ResultsIn total, 370 candidaemia episodes were recorded during the COVID-19 pandemic. Infection incidence (2.0 episodes/10,000 hospital bed days before, 3.9 during the early and 5.1 during the late COVID-19 era, p
Læs mere