Aktuelle smitsomme sygdomme
Søgeord (hepatitis) valgt.
7 emner vises.
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 31.08.2024
Tilføjet 31.08.2024
The rules about whom to screen and vaccinate for hepatitis B are now more clinician-friendly. The Curbsiders
Læs mereJulien Beauté and Francesco Innocenti
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 17.08.2024
Tilføjet 17.08.2024
Background There are differences between males and females for most diseases both for exposure and course of illness, including outcome. These differences can be related to biological sex or gender i.e. socio-cultural factors that may impact exposure and healthcare access. Aim We aimed to quantify differences between males and females in infectious disease notifications in Europe and identify countries with these differences significantly different from the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) average. Methods Notifiable infectious disease surveillance data are reported by EU/EEA countries to ECDC. We retrieved surveillance data for 2012−2021. Using a cut-off median of annual disability-adjusted life years above 1 per 100,000 population, we included 16 infectious diseases. We calculated median male proportion and interquartile range by disease, year, country and age group and used boxplots to identify outliers. Results For campylobacteriosis, acute hepatitis B, Legionnaires’ disease, malaria and HIV and AIDS, all countries had male proportion above 50%. Most countries had a male proportion below 50% for pertussis (25/28 countries), STEC infection (21/28 countries) and Chlamydia trachomatis infection (16/24 countries). Chlamydia trachomatis infection and listeriosis showed the greatest dispersion of male proportion across age groups. Most outliers were countries reporting few cases. Conclusion We observed important differences in male proportion across infectious disease notifications in EU/EEA countries. For some diseases with high male proportions in all countries, such as HIV and hepatitis B, behaviours play a role in disease transmission. Screening offered to specific populations may explain differences across countries for example for C. trachomatis infection.
Læs mereMorbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 2.08.2024
Tilføjet 2.08.2024
This report describes progress toward eliminating hepatitis B and C in the country of Georgia.
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 29.07.2024
Tilføjet 29.07.2024
This requires sensitivity to stigmas and awareness of hepatitis B and C prevalence in local communities. Medscape Medical News
Læs mereMira Hleyhel, Julia Geller, Amal Sadou, Paul Naaber, Tatiana Kuznetsova, Sigrid Vorobjov, Marleen Lõhmus, Martina Furegato, Suzanne Reed, Benjamin Bluemel, Erika Duffell and Kristi Rüütel
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 26.07.2024
Tilføjet 26.07.2024
IntroductionObtaining epidemiological data on chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is essential to monitor progress towards the hepatitis C elimination targets. AimWe aimed to estimate the prevalence of chronic HCV and the seroprevalence of HCV in the adult general population in Estonia. MethodsThis cross-sectional study, conducted between 12 July and 6 December 2022, included anonymised residual sera collected prospectively from patients 18 years and older visiting a general practitioner in all counties of Estonia. Specimens were considered HCV-seropositive if they tested positive for HCV antibodies by enzyme-linked immunoassay, confirmed by line-immunoblot assay. Chronic HCV infection was determined by positive RT-qPCR. ResultsWe tested a total of 4,217 specimens. The estimated HCV seroprevalence and prevalence of chronic HCV infection were 1.8% (95% CI: 1.4–2.2) and 0.8% (95% CI: 0.5–1.1), respectively, with ca 8,100 persons estimated to have chronic HCV infection in the general adult population of Estonia. No statistically significant differences in the prevalence of chronic HCV infection were observed between sexes, counties or age groups, with the highest prevalence rates observed in men (sex ratio: 1.7), Ida-Virumaa County (1.8%; 95% CI: 0.8–3.6) and the age group 40–49 years (1.7%; 95% CI: 0.9–2.9). ConclusionThis study found an overall low prevalence of chronic HCV infection in Estonia. Continued efforts should be made for the targeted screening, diagnosis and treatment of individuals with chronic HCV infection to achieve hepatitis elimination targets.
Læs mereMira Hleyhel, Odette Popovici, Mihaela Leuștean, Suzanne Reed, Amal Sadou, Martina Furegato, Benjamin Bluemel, Erika Duffell and Otilia Mardh
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 26.07.2024
Tilføjet 26.07.2024
IntroductionA national study from 2006 to 2008 showed a high antibody prevalence of 3.2% against hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Romania, but more recent epidemiological data on hepatitis C prevalence are lacking. AimWe aimed to estimate the current prevalence of HCV antibodies (anti-HCV) and chronic HCV infection in the general adult population in Romania, as a crucial element in monitoring progress towards eliminating hepatitis C. MethodsWe used anonymised leftover sera from a SARS-CoV-2 survey conducted between July and October 2020 (n = 2,100), supplemented with sera collected prospectively between July 2022 and March 2023 (n = 574). These included sera collected from adults visiting laboratories for routine medical check-ups. Sera were tested for anti-HCV and HCV core antigen and classified according to anti-HCV and chronic infection status. ResultsOf the total 2,674 specimens tested, 44 were anti-HCV-positive with a weighted anti-HCV prevalence of 1.4% (95% CI: 1.0–1.9), and 29 were HCV core antigen-positive with a weighted prevalence of chronic infection of 0.9% (95% CI: 0.5–1.2). The prevalence of chronic infection did not differ significantly between men and women. It was higher in persons 60 years and older (2.0%; 95% CI: 1.1–3.0) and in specimens from the North-East region (2.2%; 95% CI: 0.8–3.7). ConclusionAlthough the overall HCV prevalence in Romania is currently low, targeted screening, prevention measures and treatment scale-up are needed especially for the population 60 years and older and in the north-eastern part of the country to achieve the goal of ending the hepatitis C epidemic.
Læs mereMojca Matičič and Maria Buti
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 26.07.2024
Tilføjet 26.07.2024