Aktuelle smitsomme sygdomme
Søgeord (hepatitis b) valgt.
17 emner vises.
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 31.08.2024
Tilføjet 31.08.2024
The rules about whom to screen and vaccinate for hepatitis B are now more clinician-friendly. The Curbsiders
Læs mereJulien Beauté and Francesco Innocenti
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 17.08.2024
Tilføjet 17.08.2024
Background There are differences between males and females for most diseases both for exposure and course of illness, including outcome. These differences can be related to biological sex or gender i.e. socio-cultural factors that may impact exposure and healthcare access. Aim We aimed to quantify differences between males and females in infectious disease notifications in Europe and identify countries with these differences significantly different from the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA) average. Methods Notifiable infectious disease surveillance data are reported by EU/EEA countries to ECDC. We retrieved surveillance data for 2012−2021. Using a cut-off median of annual disability-adjusted life years above 1 per 100,000 population, we included 16 infectious diseases. We calculated median male proportion and interquartile range by disease, year, country and age group and used boxplots to identify outliers. Results For campylobacteriosis, acute hepatitis B, Legionnaires’ disease, malaria and HIV and AIDS, all countries had male proportion above 50%. Most countries had a male proportion below 50% for pertussis (25/28 countries), STEC infection (21/28 countries) and Chlamydia trachomatis infection (16/24 countries). Chlamydia trachomatis infection and listeriosis showed the greatest dispersion of male proportion across age groups. Most outliers were countries reporting few cases. Conclusion We observed important differences in male proportion across infectious disease notifications in EU/EEA countries. For some diseases with high male proportions in all countries, such as HIV and hepatitis B, behaviours play a role in disease transmission. Screening offered to specific populations may explain differences across countries for example for C. trachomatis infection.
Læs mereMorbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 2.08.2024
Tilføjet 2.08.2024
This report describes progress toward eliminating hepatitis B and C in the country of Georgia.
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 29.07.2024
Tilføjet 29.07.2024
This requires sensitivity to stigmas and awareness of hepatitis B and C prevalence in local communities. Medscape Medical News
Læs mereMorbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 25.07.2024
Tilføjet 25.07.2024
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 15.05.2024
Tilføjet 15.05.2024
The U.S. drug regulator has declined to approve expanded use of Dynavax Technologies\' hepatitis B vaccine in a section of patients, citing insufficient data over destruction... Reuters Health Information
Læs mereSandra Bivegete, Anna L McNaughton, Adam Trickey, Zak Thornton, Becky Scanlan, Aaron G Lim, Lina Nerlander, Hannah Fraser, Josephine G Walker, Matthew Hickman, Peter Vickerman, Helen Johnson, Erika Duffell, Ellen Brooks-Pollock and Hannah Christensen
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 28.07.2023
Tilføjet 28.07.2023
BackgroundThe burden of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) varies across the European Union (EU) and European Economic Area (EEA). AimWe aimed to update the 2017 HBV prevalence estimates in EU/EEA countries and the United Kingdom for 2018 to 2021. MethodsWe undertook a systematic review, adding to HBV prevalence estimates from an existing (2005–2017) database. Databases were searched for original English-language research articles including HBV surface antigen prevalence estimates among the general population, pregnant women, first-time blood donors (FTB), men who have sex with men (MSM), migrants and people in prison. Country experts contributed grey literature data. Risk of bias was assessed using a quality assessment framework. FindingsThe update provided 147 new prevalence estimates across the region (updated total n = 579). Median HBV prevalence in the general population was 0.5% and the highest was 3.8% (Greece). Among FTB, the highest prevalence was 0.8% (Lithuania). Estimates among pregnant women were highest in Romania and Italy (5.1%). Among migrants, the highest estimate was 31.7% (Spain). Relative to 2017 estimates, median prevalence among pregnant women decreased by 0.5% (to 0.3%) and increased by 0.9% (to 5.8%) among migrants. Among MSM, the highest estimate was 3.4% (Croatia). Prevalence among people in prison was highest in Greece (8.3%) and the median prevalence increased by 0.6% (to 2.1%). ConclusionsThe HBV prevalence is low in the general population and confined to risk populations in most European countries with some exceptions. Screening and treatment should be targeted to people in prison and migrants.
Læs mereNino Khetsuriani, Amiran Gamkrelidze, Shaun Shadaker, Maia Tsereteli, Maia Alkhazashvili, Nazibrola Chitadze, Irina Tskhomelidze, Lia Gvinjilia, Francisco Averhoff, Gavin Cloherty, Qian An, Giorgi Chakhunashvili, Jan Drobeniuc, Paata Imnadze, Khatuna Zakhashvili and Paige A Armstrong
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 28.07.2023
Tilføjet 28.07.2023
BackgroundGeorgia has adopted the World Health Organization European Region’s and global goals to eliminate viral hepatitis. A nationwide serosurvey among adults in 2015 showed 2.9% prevalence for hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen (HBsAg) and 25.9% for antibodies against HBV core antigen (anti-HBc). HBV infection prevalence among children had previously not been assessed. AimWe aimed to assess HBV infection prevalence among children and update estimates for adults in Georgia. MethodsThis nationwide cross-sectional serosurvey conducted in 2021 among persons aged ≥ 5 years used multi-stage stratified cluster design. Participants aged 5–20 years were eligible for hepatitis B vaccination as infants. Blood samples were tested for anti-HBc and, if positive, for HBsAg. Weighted proportions and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated for both markers. ResultsAmong 5–17 year-olds (n = 1,473), 0.03% (95% CI: 0–0.19) were HBsAg-positive and 0.7% (95% CI: 0.3–1.6) were anti-HBc-positive. Among adults (n = 7,237), 2.7% (95% CI: 2.3–3.4) were HBsAg-positive and 21.7% (95% CI: 20.4–23.2) anti-HBc-positive; HBsAg prevalence was lowest (0.2%; 95% CI: 0.0–1.5) among 18–23-year-olds and highest (8.6%; 95% CI: 6.1–12.1) among 35–39-year-olds. ConclusionsHepatitis B vaccination in Georgia had remarkable impact. In 2021, HBsAg prevalence among children was well below the 0.5% hepatitis B control target of the European Region and met the ≤ 0.1% HBsAg seroprevalence target for elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HBV. Chronic HBV infection remains a problem among adults born before vaccine introduction. Screening, treatment and preventive interventions among adults, and sustained high immunisation coverage among children, can help eliminate hepatitis B in Georgia by 2030.
Læs mereMorbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 21.07.2023
Tilføjet 21.07.2023
This report describes progress towards hepatitis B control and elimination in the World Health Organization African region.
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 28.06.2023
Tilføjet 28.06.2023
Vaccination rates for hepatitis B virus are slightly lower among patients with psoriasis than among people without psoriasis. Medscape Medical News
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 19.04.2023
Tilføjet 19.04.2023
A test for HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C that uses a single dried blood spot could increase testing for these viruses in high-risk and challenging settings, new data show. Medscape Medical News
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 11.04.2023
Tilføjet 11.04.2023
When researchers compared patients who met treatment criteria, treatment initiation was similar across races and socioeconomic status. But that finding raises other questions. Medscape Medical News
Læs mereStatens Serum Institut, 11.04.2023
Tilføjet 11.04.2023
De nyeste tal fra Statens Serum Institut viser, at der ikke blev fundet nogen hiv-positive bloddonorer i bloddonorscreeningen i 2019 og kun ganske få tilfælde af hepatitis B og C.
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 10.03.2023
Tilføjet 10.03.2023
The previous risk-based testing approach was not successful at detecting most people living with chronic hepatitis B infection, the agency said. Medscape Medical News
Læs mereEurosurveillance latest updates, 9.02.2023
Tilføjet 10.02.2023
BackgroundThe World Health Organization European Action Plan 2020 targets for the elimination of viral hepatitis are that > 75% of eligible individuals with chronic hepatitis B (HBV) or hepatitis C (HCV) are treated, of whom > 90% achieve viral suppression.AimTo report the results from a pilot sentinel surveillance to monitor chronic HBV and HCV treatment uptake and outcomes in 2019.MethodsWe undertook retrospective enhanced data collection on patients with a confirmed chronic HBV or HCV infection presenting at one of seven clinics in three countries (Croatia, Romania and Spain) for the first time between 1 January 2019 and 30 June 2019. Clinical records were reviewed from date of first attendance to 31 December 2019 and data on sociodemographics, clinical history, laboratory results, treatment and treatment outcomes were collected. Treatment eligibility, uptake and case outcome were assessed.ResultsOf 229 individuals with chronic HBV infection, treatment status was reported for 203 (89%). Of the 80 individuals reported as eligible for treatment, 51% (41/80) were treated of whom 89% (33/37) had achieved viral suppression. Of 240 individuals with chronic HCV infection, treatment status was reported for 231 (96%). Of 231 eligible individuals, 77% (179/231) were treated, the majority of whom had received direct acting antivirals (99%, 174/176) and had achieved sustained virological response (98%, 165/169).ConclusionTreatment targets for global elimination were missed for HBV but not for HCV. A wider European implementation of sentinel surveillance with a representative sample of sites could help monitor progress towards achieving hepatitis control targets.
Læs mereMorbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 13.01.2023
Tilføjet 13.01.2023
This report describes 2021 data from National Center for Health Interview Survey on the percentage of adults who have ever had hepatitis by age group and sex.
Læs mereStatens Serum Institut, 22.12.2022
Tilføjet 22.12.2022
Antallet af tilfælde med akut hepatitis B er fortsat lavt i Danmark. Kronisk hepatitis B er faldende.
Læs mere