Aktuelle smitsomme sygdomme
Søgeord (mrsa) valgt.
23 emner vises.
Carolin Hackmann, Antonia Genath, Désirée Gruhl, Anna Weber, Friederike Maechler, Axel Kola, Frank Schwab, Stefan Schwarz, Antina Lübke-Becker, Thomas Schneider, Petra Gastmeier and Rasmus Leistner
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 27.09.2024
Tilføjet 27.09.2024
BackgroundCarriage of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) in humans constitutes an important public health concern. Cross-transmission of bacteria between animals and humans has been demonstrated before. AimOur aim was to quantify the risk factor ‘pet ownership’ for MDRO colonisation in hospital patients. MethodsWe performed a matched case–control study from 2019 to 2022 in Berlin, Germany and compared MDRO-positive and MDRO-negative patients in terms of contact with pets and other risk factors for MDRO acquisition. Patients completed a questionnaire-based interview and provided nasal and rectal swabs. Pet owners provided swab samples from the throat and stool of their pets (dogs and cats). Phenotypically matching samples of owners and pets were analysed via whole genome sequencing. ResultsThe analyses included 2,891 patients. Reported pet ownership was 17.7% in MDRO-positives (154/871) and 23.4% in MDRO-negatives (472/2,020). Among 397 owner–pet pairs, we identified one pair sharing genotypically indistinguishable pathogens (0.3%). A risk factor analysis of pet ownership was performed for carriers of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (OR = 0.662; 95% CI: 0.343–1.277), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) (OR = 0.764; 95% CI: 0.522–1.118) and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MDR-GNB) (OR = 0.819; 95% CI: 0.620–1.082). Colonisation with MDRO was rare in pets, and dogs were more often colonised than cats (MRSA: 0% vs 0%, VRE: 1.5% vs 1.0%, MDR-GNB: 17.2% vs 3.6%). ConclusionTransmission of MDROs between humans and pets is possible though rare. In an urban living space, neither cat nor dog ownership appears as a relevant risk factor for MDRO carriage in hospital patients.
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 13.02.2024
Tilføjet 13.02.2024
Researchers who uncovered a fresh class of antibiotics used a new process — explainable AI — that could propel drug discovery. Medscape Medical News
Læs mereMaria Rödenbeck, Olaniyi Ayobami, Tim Eckmanns, Mathias W Pletz, Jutta Bleidorn and Robby Markwart
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 19.05.2023
Tilføjet 19.05.2023
BackgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is of public health concern worldwide. AimWe aimed to summarise the German AMR situation for clinicians and microbiologists. MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 60 published studies and data from the German Antibiotic-Resistance-Surveillance (ARS). Primary outcomes were AMR proportions in bacterial isolates from infected patients in Germany (2016–2021) and the case fatality rates (2010–2021). Random and fixed (common) effect models were used to calculate pooled proportions and pooled case fatality odds ratios, respectively. ResultsThe pooled proportion of meticillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus infections (MRSA) was 7.9% with a declining trend between 2014 and 2020 (odds ratio (OR) = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.886–0.891; p
Læs mereStatens Serum Institut, 11.04.2023
Tilføjet 11.04.2023
Referencelaboratoriet for Antibiotikaresistens på Statens Serum Institut opgør hvert kvartal antallet af blodforgiftninger forårsaget af MRSA samt dødsfald som følge af disse.
Læs mereStatens Serum Institut, 11.04.2023
Tilføjet 11.04.2023
Referencelaboratoriet for Antibiotikaresistens på Statens Serum Institut opgør hvert kvartal antallet af blodforgiftninger forårsaget af MRSA samt dødsfald som følge af disse.
Læs mereStatens Serum Institut, 11.04.2023
Tilføjet 11.04.2023
Der var i 2013 en stor stigning i antallet af patienter, der fik infektioner med multiresistente bakterier som VRE og CPE på de danske hospitaler. Derimod fastholdtes antallet af hospitals MRSA infektioner på samme lave niveau som året før. Det viser årets DANMAP rapport fra Statens Serum Institut og DTU Fødevareinstituttet.
Læs mereStatens Serum Institut, 16.02.2023
Tilføjet 16.02.2023
I 4. kvartal 2022 blev der registreret 12 nye tilfælde af blodforgiftning med MRSA. Tre af patienterne døde. Det viser den seneste opgørelse fra Statens Serum Institut.
Læs mereEurosurveillance latest updates, 5.01.2023
Tilføjet 6.01.2023
BackgroundSince the beginning of the war in Ukraine in February 2022, Ukrainians have been seeking shelter in other European countries.AimWe aimed to investigate the prevalence and the molecular epidemiology of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative (MDRGN) bacteria and meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Ukrainian patients at admittance to the University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany.MethodsWe performed screening and observational analysis of all patients from March until June 2022. Genomes of MDRGN isolates were analysed for antimicrobial resistance, virulence genes and phylogenetic relatedness.ResultsWe included 103 patients (median age: 39 ± 23.7 years), 57 of whom were female (55.3%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 45.2–5.1). Patients were most frequently admitted to the Department of Paediatrics (29/103; 28.2%; 95% CI: 19.7–37.9). We found 34 MDRGN isolates in 17 of 103 patients (16.5%; 95% CI: 9.9–25.1). Ten patients carried 21 carbapenem-resistant (CR) bacteria, five of them more than one CR isolate. Four of six patients with war-related injuries carried eight CR isolates. In six of 10 patients, CR isolates caused infections. Genomic characterisation revealed that the CR isolates harboured at least one carbapenemase gene, blaNDM-1 being the most frequent (n = 10). Core genome and plasmid analysis revealed no epidemiological connection between most of these isolates. Hypervirulence marker genes were found in five of six Klebsiella pneumoniae CR isolates. No MRSA was found.ConclusionHospitals should consider infection control strategies to cover the elevated prevalence of MDRGN bacteria in Ukrainian patients with war-related injuries and/or hospital pre-treatment and to prevent the spread of hypervirulent CR isolates.
Læs mereStatens Serum Institut, 17.12.2022
Tilføjet 17.12.2022
I 3. kvartal 2022 blev der registreret 18 nye tilfælde af blodforgiftning med MRSA. Tre af patienterne døde. Det viser den seneste opgørelse fra Statens Serum Institut.
Læs mereEurosurveillance latest updates, 8.12.2022
Tilføjet 9.12.2022
In this retrospective observational study, we analysed a community outbreak of impetigo with meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), with additional resistance to fusidic acid (first-line treatment). The outbreak occurred between June 2018 and January 2020 in the eastern part of the Netherlands with an epidemiological link to three cases from the north-western part. Forty nine impetigo cases and eight carrier cases were identified, including 47 children. All but one impetigo case had community-onset of symptoms. Pharmacy prescription data for topical mupirocin and fusidic acid and GP questionnaires suggested an underestimated outbreak size. The 57 outbreak isolates were identified by the Dutch MRSA surveillance as MLVA-type MT4627 and sequence type 121, previously reported only once in 2014. Next-generation sequencing revealed they contained a fusidic acid resistance gene, exfoliative toxin genes and an epidermal cell differentiation inhibitor gene. Whole-genome multilocus sequence typing revealed genetic clustering of all 19 sequenced isolates from the outbreak region and isolates from the three north-western cases. The allelic distances between these Dutch isolates and international isolates were high. This outbreak shows the appearance of community-onset MRSA strains with additional drug resistance and virulence factors in a country with a low prevalence of antimicrobial resistance.
Læs mereStatens Serum Institut, 17.08.2022
Tilføjet 17.08.2022
I 2. kvartal 2022 blev der registreret ni nye tilfælde af blodforgiftning med MRSA. Der var ingen af patienterne, der døde. Det viser den seneste opgørelse fra Statens Serum Institut.
Læs mereStatens Serum Institut, 10.06.2022
Tilføjet 10.06.2022
I 1. kvartal 2022 blev der registreret 11 nye tilfælde af blodforgiftning med MRSA. Heraf døde tre patienter. Det viser den seneste opgørelse fra Statens Serum Institut.
Læs mereEmergencies and Outbreaks from The Who Regional Office for Africa, 20.05.2022
Tilføjet 23.05.2022
Luigi Ciesco came from a small village in southern Italy, growing up in real poverty, before meeting his wife-to-be Vincenza, and emigrating to the United Kingdom in the 1960s. A husband for 57 years, a father of 4 and a grandfather of 8, Luigi worked for the National Health Service in England. Twenty years ago he contracted methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a type of bacterial infection which is resistant to many widely used antibiotics, which seriously compromised his health and led to multiple illnesses over the following years.
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Medscape Infectious Diseases, 28.04.2022
Tilføjet 28.04.2022
Prosthetic joint surgery infections following emergency femur fracture surgery can be avoided by screening and decolonization.
Læs mereSafiullah Najem, Dorothée Eick, Johannes Boettcher, Annette Aigner, Mona Aboutara, Ines Fenner, Konrad Reinshagen and Ingo Koenigs
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 14.04.2022
Tilføjet 15.04.2022
Background
Increasing resistance to antibiotics poses medical challenges worldwide. Prospective data on carriage prevalence of multidrug resistant organisms (MDRO) in children at hospital admission are limited and associated risk factors are poorly defined.
Aim
To determine prevalence of MDRO carriage in children at admission to our paediatric hospital in Hamburg and to identify MDRO carriage risk factors.
Methods
We prospectively obtained and cultured nasal/throat and inguinal/anal swabs from children (≤ 18 years) at admission between September 2018 and May 2019 to determine prevalence of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (MRGN) and vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) and associated species. We collected medical histories using a questionnaire and evaluated 31 risk factors using logistic regression models.
Results
MDRO carriage prevalence of 3,964 children was 4.31% (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.69–5.00). MRSA carriage prevalence was 0.68% (95% CI: 0.44–0.99), MRGN prevalence was 3.64% (95% CI: 3.07–4.28) and VRE prevalence 0.08% (95% CI: 0.02–0.22). MDRO carriage was associated with MRGN history (odds ratio (OR): 6.53; 95% CI: 2.58–16.13), chronic condition requiring permanent care (OR: 2.67; 95% CI: 1.07–6.13), antibiotic therapy (OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.24–2.94), living in a care facility (OR: 3.34; 95% CI: 0.72–12.44) and refugee status in previous 12 months (OR: 1.91; 95% CI: 0.27–8.02). Compared to established practice, screening using risk-factors had better diagnostic sensitivity (86.13%; 95% CI: 80.89–91.40) and specificity (73.54%; 95% CI: 72.12–74.97).
Conclusion
MRGN carriage was higher than MRSA and VRE. Extended risk-factor-based admission screening system seems warranted.
Læs mereStatens Serum Institut, 21.02.2022
Tilføjet 21.02.2022
I 4. kvartal 2021 blev der registreret 11 nye tilfælde af blodforgiftning (bakteriæmi) med MRSA (methicillin-resistente Staphylococcus aureus), hvoraf 5 patienter døde.
Læs mereCorinna Glasner, Matthijs S Berends, Karsten Becker, Jutta Esser, Jens Gieffers, Annette Jurke, Greetje Kampinga, Stefanie Kampmeier, Rob Klont, Robin Köck, Lutz von Müller, Nashwan al Naemi, Alewijn Ott, Gijs Ruijs, Katja Saris, Adriana Tami, Andreas Voss, Karola Waar, Jan van Zeijl and Alex W Friedrich
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 3.02.2022
Tilføjet 4.02.2022
Background
Antimicrobial resistance poses a risk for healthcare, both in the community and hospitals. The spread of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) occurs mostly on a local and regional level, following movement of patients, but also occurs across national borders.
Aim
The aim of this observational study was to determine the prevalence of MDROs in a European cross-border region to understand differences and improve infection prevention based on real-time routine data and workflows.
Methods
Between September 2017 and June 2018, 23 hospitals in the Dutch (NL)–German (DE) cross-border region (BR) participated in the study. During 8 consecutive weeks, patients were screened upon admission to intensive care units (ICUs) for nasal carriage of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and rectal carriage of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium/E. faecalis (VRE), third-generation cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (3GCRE) and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE). All samples were processed in the associated laboratories.
Results
A total of 3,365 patients were screened (median age: 68 years (IQR: 57–77); male/female ratio: 59.7/40.3; NL-BR: n = 1,202; DE-BR: n = 2,163). Median screening compliance was 60.4% (NL-BR: 56.9%; DE-BR: 62.9%). MDRO prevalence was higher in DE-BR than in NL-BR, namely 1.7% vs 0.6% for MRSA (p = 0.006), 2.7% vs 0.1% for VRE (p < 0.001) and 6.6% vs 3.6% for 3GCRE (p < 0.001), whereas CRE prevalence was comparable (0.2% in DE-BR vs 0.0% in NL-BR ICUs).
Conclusions
This first prospective multicentre screening study in a European cross-border region shows high heterogenicity in MDRO carriage prevalence in NL-BR and DE-BR ICUs. This indicates that the prevalence is probably influenced by the different healthcare structures.
Læs mereStatens Serum Institut, 5.01.2022
Tilføjet 5.01.2022
Forskere fra Statens Serum Institut har vist, at særlige methicillin-resistente Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bakterier – nogle af de mest berygtede og frygtede sygdomsfremkaldende mikroorganismer hos mennesker – var tilstede i pindsvin længe inden methicillin kom på markedet i 1959.
Læs mereStefanie Barnsteiner, Florent Baty, Werner C Albrich, Baharak Babouee Flury, Michael Gasser, Catherine Plüss-Suard, Matthias Schlegel, Andreas Kronenberg, Philipp Kohler and on behalf of the Swiss Centre for Antibiotic Resistance (ANRESIS)
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 18.11.2021
Tilføjet 19.11.2021
Background
Intensive care units (ICU) constitute a high-risk setting for antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
Aim
We aimed to describe secular AMR trends including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), glycopeptide-resistant enterococci (GRE), extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli (ESCR-EC) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESCR-KP), carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) from Swiss ICU. We assessed time trends of antibiotic consumption and identified factors associated with CRE and CRPA.
Methods
We analysed patient isolate and antibiotic consumption data of Swiss ICU sent to the Swiss Centre for Antibiotic Resistance (2009–2018). Time trends were assessed using linear logistic regression; a mixed-effects logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with CRE and CRPA.
Results
Among 52 ICU, MRSA decreased from 14% to 6% (p = 0.005; n = 6,465); GRE increased from 1% to 3% (p = 0.011; n = 4,776). ESCR-EC and ESCR-KP increased from 7% to 15% (p < 0.001, n = 10,648) and 5% to 11% (p = 0.002; n = 4,052), respectively. CRE, mostly Enterobacter spp., increased from 1% to 5% (p = 0.008; n = 17,987); CRPA remained stable at 27% (p = 0.759; n = 4,185). Antibiotic consumption in 58 ICU increased from 2009 to 2013 (82.5 to 97.4 defined daily doses (DDD)/100 bed-days) and declined until 2018 (78.3 DDD/100 bed-days). Total institutional antibiotic consumption was associated with detection of CRE in multivariable analysis (odds ratio per DDD: 1.01; 95% confidence interval: 1.0–1.02; p = 0.004).
Discussion
In Swiss ICU, antibiotic-resistant Enterobacterales have been steadily increasing over the last decade. The emergence of CRE, associated with institutional antibiotic consumption, is of particular concern and calls for reinforced surveillance and antibiotic stewardship in this setting.
Læs mereCarlo Gagliotti, Liselotte Diaz Högberg, Hanna Billström, Tim Eckmanns, Christian G Giske, Ole E Heuer, Vincent Jarlier, Gunnar Kahlmeter, Danilo Lo Fo Wong, Jos Monen, Stephen Murchan, Gunnar Skov Simonsen, Maja Šubelj, Arjana Tambić Andrašević, Dorota Żabicka, Helena Žemličková, Dominique L Monnet and EARS-Net study group participants
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 18.11.2021
Tilføjet 19.11.2021
Background
Invasive infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus have high clinical and epidemiological relevance. It is therefore important to monitor the S. aureus trends using suitable methods.
Aim
The study aimed to describe the trends of bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by meticillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and meticillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) in the European Union (EU) and the European Economic Area (EEA).
Methods
Annual data on S. aureus BSI from 2005 to 2018 were obtained from the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net). Trends of BSI were assessed at the EU/EEA level by adjusting for blood culture set rate (number of blood culture sets per 1,000 days of hospitalisation) and stratification by patient characteristics.
Results
Considering a fixed cohort of laboratories consistently reporting data over the entire study period, MRSA percentages among S. aureus BSI decreased from 30.2% in 2005 to 16.3% in 2018. Concurrently, the total number of BSI caused by S. aureus increased by 57%, MSSA BSI increased by 84% and MRSA BSI decreased by 31%. All these trends were statistically significant (p < 0.001).
Conclusions
The results indicate an increasing health burden of MSSA BSI in the EU/EEA despite a significant decrease in the MRSA percentage. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring antimicrobial resistance trends by assessing not only resistance percentages but also the incidence of infections. Further research is needed on the factors associated with the observed trends and on their attributable risk.
Læs mereStatens Serum Institut, 15.11.2021
Tilføjet 15.11.2021
Referencelaboratoriet for Antibiotikaresistens på Statens Serum Institut opgør hvert kvartal antallet af blodforgiftninger forårsaget af MRSA samt dødsfald som følge af disse.
Læs mereArtur J Sabat, Erik Bathoorn, Monika A Chlebowicz-Fliss, Viktoria Akkerboom, Inge Kamphuis, Claudy Oliveira dos Santos and Alexander W Friedrich
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 16.09.2021
Tilføjet 17.09.2021
We describe two false-negative results in the detection of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) of sequence type 398 and spa type t011 using the Cepheid Xpert MRSA NxG assay. The isolates were recovered in late February and early March 2021 from two patients in different hospitals in the northern Netherlands. Variations between the two isolate genomes indicate that this MRSA strain might have been spreading for some time and could have disseminated to other regions of the Netherlands and other European countries.
Læs mereStatens Serum Institut, 15.09.2021
Tilføjet 15.09.2021
Det er konklusionen i et forskningsprojekt fra Statens Serum Institut, Danmarks Tekniske Universitet og Aarhus Universitet.
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