Aktuelle smitsomme sygdomme
Søgeord (pneumoni) valgt.
67 emner vises.
Ioannis Passaris, Stéphanie Depickère, Toon Braeye, Marina Mukovnikova, Alexandra Vodolazkaia, Chloé Abels, Lize Cuypers, Stefanie Desmet, Pieter-Jan Ceyssens and NIPD study group Belgium
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 8.11.2024
Tilføjet 8.11.2024
BackgroundDespite widely implemented pneumococcal vaccination programmes, Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a global risk for human health. Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause invasive (IPD) or non-invasive pneumococcal disease (NIPD). Surveillance is mainly focusing on IPD, assessing the full impact of pneumococcal vaccination programmes on pneumococcal disease is challenging. AimWe aimed to prospectively investigate serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of S. pneumoniae isolates from patients with NIPD and compare with data on IPD isolates and with a 2007–2008 dataset on NIPD. MethodsBetween September 2020 and April 2023, we collected isolates and patient data from patients with NIPD from 23 clinical laboratories in Belgium. Capsular typing was performed by a validated Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopic method, and AMR was assessed with broth microdilution, using the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) clinical breakpoints. ResultsWe received S. pneumoniae isolates from 1,008 patients with lower respiratory tract infections (n = 760), otitis media (n = 190) and sinusitis (n = 58). Serotype 3 was the most prevalent serotype among the NIPD isolates. Serotypes not included in the 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV20) were significantly more common among the NIPD than among the IPD isolates. Antimicrobial resistance levels were significantly higher among the NIPD isolates (n = 539; 2020–2022) compared with the IPD isolates (n = 2,344; 2021–2022). Resistance to several β-lactam antimicrobials had increased significantly compared with 15 years before. ConclusionsThe NIPD isolates were strongly associated with non-vaccine serotypes and with increased AMR levels. This underlines the importance of continued NIPD surveillance for informed policy making on vaccination programmes.
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 2.11.2024
Tilføjet 2.11.2024
Medscape Medical News spoke with the CDC\'s Adam L. Cohen, MD, MPH, about what healthcare providers need to know about the increased number and severity of cases in young patients in the United States. CDC Expert Commentary
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 1.11.2024
Tilføjet 1.11.2024
Brechje de Gier, Jan van de Kassteele, Liselotte van Asten, Annelot F Schoffelen, ISIS-AR study group, Mariette Hooiveld, Margreet JM te Wierik, Nina M van Sorge and Hester E de Melker
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 5.10.2024
Tilføjet 5.10.2024
BackgroundAfter most COVID-19 pandemic control measures were lifted in 2022, many infectious diseases re-emerged. An increase in invasive group A streptococcal (iGAS) infections among adults and young children was reported by several countries. Viral infections including influenza and varicella, known risk factors for iGAS infection, also increased. AimTo estimate the proportion of GAS skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) and pneumonia/sepsis in children (≤ 5 years) attributable to varicella, and the proportion of GAS pneumonia/sepsis in children and adults attributable to potentially predisposing respiratory viruses influenza A and B, RSV, hMPV and SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands. MethodsWe performed time series regression using weekly data on respiratory viruses, varicella and non-invasive GAS infections and GAS isolates cultured from blood, lower airways, skin, pus and wounds, from January 2010 to March 2023. ResultsIn 2010–19, 50% (95% CI: 36–64) of GAS SSTI in children were attributable to varicella. Between January 2022 and March 2023, 34% (95% CI: 24–43) of GAS SSTI cases were attributable to varicella. Of iGAS pneumonia/sepsis between January 2022 and March 2023, 34% (95% CI: 20–49) and 25% (95% CI: 18–32) was attributable to respiratory virus infections in children and adults, respectively, with the largest contributor (17%) being influenza A. ConclusionsPredisposing viral infections likely contributed to, but cannot fully explain, the observed iGAS increase among children and adults in 2022–23 in the Netherlands. Public health measures to control viral infections, such as vaccination against varicella or influenza, might reduce the iGAS disease burden.
Læs mereDaniel Todkill, Theresa Lamagni, Richard Pebody, Mary Ramsay, Daisy Woolham, Alicia Demirjian, Antoine Salzmann, Meera Chand, Helen E Hughes, Christopher Bennett, Russell Hope, Conall H Watson, Colin S Brown and Alex J Elliot
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 9.08.2024
Tilføjet 9.08.2024
Since November 2023, the absolute number of attendances at emergency departments for pneumonia among children aged 5–14 years in England have been above expected levels for the time of year. This increased signal peaked during March 2024 but then persisted into early summer 2024 despite decreases in prevalence of seasonal respiratory pathogens. Record linkage between emergency department and laboratory databases points to this unusual activity being driven largely by Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 5.07.2024
Tilføjet 5.07.2024
Specific antipsychotics prescribed in high doses were linked to an increased risk for pneumonia in patients with schizophrenia, new research showed. Medscape Medical News
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 9.05.2024
Tilføjet 9.05.2024
Researchers examined time to clinical stability in 571 children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia. Medscape Medical News
Læs merePaulius Greičius, Marius Linkevicius, Jelena Razmuk, Jekaterina Sinotova, Erik Alm, Olov Svartström, Valeria Bortolaia, Eglė Kudirkienė, Louise Roer, Rene S Hendriksen, Gabija Tamoliūnaitė, Daniel Palm, Dominique L Monnet, Anke Kohlenberg and Algirdas Griškevičius
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 19.04.2024
Tilføjet 19.04.2024
In 2023, an increase of OXA-48-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae was noticed by the Lithuanian National Public Health Surveillance Laboratory. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of 106 OXA-48-producing K. pneumoniae isolates revealed three distinct clusters of carbapenemase-producing K. pneumoniae high-risk clones, including sequence type (ST) 45 (n = 35 isolates), ST392 (n = 32) and ST395 (n = 28), involving six, six and nine hospitals in different regions, respectively. These results enabled targeted investigation and control, and underscore the value of national WGS-based surveillance for antimicrobial resistance.
Læs mereJulian Sommer, Hannah Reiter, Janko Sattler, Elisabetta Cacace, Jessica Eisfeld, Sören Gatermann, Axel Hamprecht and Stephan Göttig
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 12.04.2024
Tilføjet 12.04.2024
BackgroundCarbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales are a public health threat worldwide and OXA-48 is the most prevalent carbapenemase in Germany and western Europe. However, the molecular epidemiology of OXA-48 in species other than Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae remains poorly understood. AimTo analyse the molecular epidemiology of OXA-48 and OXA-48-like carbapenemases in Citrobacter species (spp.) in Germany between 2011 and 2022. MethodsData of 26,822 Enterobacterales isolates sent to the National Reference Centre (NRC) for Gram-negative bacteria were evaluated. Ninety-one Citrobacter isolates from 40 German hospitals harbouring blaOXA-48/OXA-48‑like were analysed by whole genome sequencing and conjugation experiments. ResultsThe frequency of OXA-48 in Citrobacter freundii (CF) has increased steadily since 2011 and is now the most prevalent carbapenemase in this species in Germany. Among 91 in-depth analysed Citrobacter spp. isolates, CF (n = 73) and C. koseri (n = 8) were the most common species and OXA-48 was the most common variant (n = 77), followed by OXA-162 (n = 11) and OXA‑181 (n = 3). Forty percent of the isolates belonged to only two sequence types (ST19 and ST22), while most other STs were singletons. The plasmids harbouring blaOXA‑48 and blaOXA-162 belonged to the plasmid types IncL (n = 85) or IncF (n = 3), and plasmids harbouring blaOXA‑181 to IncX3 (n = 3). Three IncL plasmid clusters (57/85 IncL plasmids) were identified, which were highly transferable in contrast to sporadic plasmids. ConclusionIn CF in Germany, OXA-48 is the predominant carbapenemase. Dissemination is likely due to distinct highly transmissible plasmids harbouring blaOXA‑48 or blaOXA-48-like and the spread of the high-risk clonal lineages ST19 and ST22.
Læs mereSanjin Musa, Irma Salimović-Bešić, Jasmina Brkić Džambić, Nijaz Tihić, Anisa Bajramović, Suzana Arapčić, Amela Dedeić-Ljubović and Siniša Skočibušić
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 1.03.2024
Tilføjet 1.03.2024
We report on an ongoing measles outbreak in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina with 141 cases notified between week 52 2023 and week 6 2024. Among those with known vaccination status, 97% were unvaccinated and the most affected group is children under the age of 5 years (n = 87) who were not vaccinated during the pandemic years. Sixty-eight cases were hospitalised, the most common complications were measles-related pneumonia and diarrhoea. The sequenced measles viruses from four cases belonged to genotype D8.
Læs mereMorbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 22.02.2024
Tilføjet 22.02.2024
This report describes an increase in Mycoplasma pneumoniae, a common cause of respiratory illness, beginning in fall 2023.
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 15.02.2024
Tilføjet 15.02.2024
The ECDC has called for mitigating actions in the face of more European Union and European Economic Area countries reporting hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae ST23. Medscape Medical News
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 26.01.2024
Tilføjet 26.01.2024
Exblifep is as effective as piperacillin-tazobactam in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections, the European Medicines Agency said. Medscape Medical News
Læs mereDita C Bolluyt, Sjoerd M Euser, Dennis Souverein, Annemarie MC van Rossum, Jayant Kalpoe, Mireille van Westreenen, Marco Goeijenbier, Dominic Snijders, Dirk Eggink, Femke Jongenotter, Steven FL van Lelyveld and Marlies A van Houten
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 26.01.2024
Tilføjet 26.01.2024
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is an important cause of pneumonia and extra-pulmonary manifestations. We observed a rise in admissions due to M. pneumoniae infections starting October 2023 in a regional hospital in the Netherlands and an increased incidence in national surveillance data. The incidence in the Netherlands has not been that high since 2011. The patients had a lower median age compared with 2019 and 2020 (28 vs 40 years). M. pneumoniae should be considered in patients with respiratory symptoms, especially children.
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 12.01.2024
Tilføjet 12.01.2024
Daily toothbrushing was associated with a 33% reduction in risk for hospital-acquired pneumonia among inpatients, according to a recent analysis. Medscape Medical News
Læs mereCheng Gong, Fang Huang, Luodan Suo, Xuejiao Guan, Lu Kang, Hui Xie, Geng Hu, Peng Yang and Quanyi Wang
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 12.01.2024
Tilføjet 12.01.2024
In 2023, through an ongoing respiratory pathogen surveillance system, we observed from mid-September onwards, an increase of respiratory illness among children aged ≤ 15 years presenting at hospital outpatient clinics in Beijing, China. Data indicated that illness was caused by multiple pathogens, predominantly Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Seasonality, periodicity and high prevalence of resistance to macrolide (30 of 30 strains sequenced with the A2063G mutation) were important characteristics of the M. pneumoniae epidemic, which resulted in a rise in consultations at specialised paediatric hospitals.
Læs mereAnne Christine Nordholm, Bolette Søborg, Pikka Jokelainen, Karina Lauenborg Møller, Lotte Flink Sørensen, Tyra Grove Krause, Søren Anker Uldum and Hanne-Dorthe Emborg
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 12.01.2024
Tilføjet 12.01.2024
We report a surge of patients, especially children and adolescents, with respiratory disease caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae in Denmark since October 2023. While the surge has reached an epidemic level, no impact on hospital capacity has been observed; only 14% (446/3,195) of cases, primarily adults, required hospitalisation. Macrolide resistance was detected in less than 2% of samples tested. Timely monitoring of hospitalisations linked to M. pneumoniae infections has been established to inform the healthcare system, decisionmakers and the public.
Læs mereECDC
ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report, 8.12.2023
Tilføjet 8.12.2023
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 3-9 December 2023 and includes updates on respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA, SARS-CoV-2 variant classification, measles, mpox, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, West Nile virus, and MERS-CoV.
Læs mereECDC
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 8.12.2023
Tilføjet 8.12.2023
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 3-9 December 2023 and includes updates on respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA, SARS-CoV-2 variant classification, measles, mpox, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, West Nile virus, and MERS-CoV.
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 5.12.2023
Tilføjet 5.12.2023
A rise in respiratory illnesses in China and clusters of pneumonia in children and resistance to a common antibiotic have specialists taking a closer look at important trends. Medscape Medical News
Læs mereECDC
ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report, 2.12.2023
Tilføjet 2.12.2023
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 19 - 25 November 2023 and includes updates on human infection with influenza A(H1N2)v, influenza A(H5N1), an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA, respiratory infections due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae in the EU/EEA, HIV/AIDS surveillance 2023 (2022 data), West Nile virus, SARS-CoV-2 variant classification, and poliomyelitis.
Læs mereECDC
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 1.12.2023
Tilføjet 1.12.2023
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 19 - 25 November 2023 and includes updates on human infection with influenza A(H1N2)v, influenza A(H5N1), an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA, respiratory infections due to Mycoplasma pneumoniae in the EU/EEA, HIV/AIDS surveillance 2023 (2022 data), West Nile virus, SARS-CoV-2 variant classification, and poliomyelitis.
Læs mereStatens Serum Institut, 29.11.2023
Tilføjet 29.11.2023
Der har siden sommeren været en stigning i antallet af luftvejsinfektioner med Mycoplasma pneumoniae, og forekomsten har nu nået et epidemisk niveau med væsentlig flere tilfælde end normalt.
Læs mereKyriaki Tryfinopoulou, Marius Linkevicius, Olga Pappa, Erik Alm, Kleon Karadimas, Olov Svartström, Michalis Polemis, Kassiani Mellou, Antonis Maragkos, Alma Brolund, Inga Fröding, Sophia David, Alkiviadis Vatopoulos, Daniel Palm, Dominique L Monnet, Theoklis Zaoutis, Anke Kohlenberg and Greek CCRE study group
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 24.11.2023
Tilføjet 24.11.2023
BackgroundPreliminary unpublished results of the survey of carbapenem- and/or colistin-resistant Enterobacterales (CCRE survey) showed the expansion of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPKP) sequence type (ST) 39 in 12 of 15 participating Greek hospitals in 2019. AimWe conducted a rapid survey to determine the extent of spread of CPKP high-risk clones in Greek hospitals in 2022 and compare the distribution of circulating CPKP clones in these hospitals since 2013. MethodsWe analysed whole genome sequences and epidemiological data of 310 K. pneumoniae isolates that were carbapenem-resistant or ‘susceptible, increased exposure’ from Greek hospitals that participated in the European survey of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (EuSCAPE, 2013–2014), in the CCRE survey (2019) and in a national follow-up survey (2022) including, for the latter, an estimation of transmission events. ResultsFive K. pneumoniae STs including ST258/512 (n = 101 isolates), ST11 (n = 93), ST39 (n = 56), ST147 (n = 21) and ST323 (n = 13) accounted for more than 90% of CPKP isolates in the dataset. While ST11, ST147 and ST258/512 have been detected in participating hospitals since 2013 and 2014, KPC-2-producing ST39 and ST323 emerged in 2019 and 2022, respectively. Based on the defined genetic relatedness cut-off, 44 within-hospital transmission events were identified in the 2022 survey dataset, with 12 of 15 participating hospitals having at least one within-hospital transmission event. ConclusionThe recent emergence and rapid spread of new high-risk K. pneumoniae clones in the Greek healthcare system related to within-hospital transmission is of concern and highlights the need for molecular surveillance and enhanced infection prevention and control measures.
Læs mereCécile Emeraud, Aba Mahamat, Agnès B. Jousset, Sandrine Bernabeu, Tania Goncalves, Camille Pommier, Delphine Girlich, Aurélien Birer, Christophe Rodriguez, Jean-Michel Pawlotsky, Thierry Naas, Rémy A. Bonnin and Laurent Dortet
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 20.10.2023
Tilføjet 20.10.2023
BackgroundSince 2021, an emergence of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM)-14-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae has been identified in France. This variant with increased carbapenemase activity was not previously detected in Enterobacterales. AimWe investigated the rapid dissemination of NDM-14 producers among patients in hospitals in France. MethodsAll NDM-14-producing non-duplicate clinical isolates identified in France until June 2022 (n = 37) were analysed by whole genome sequencing. The phylogeny of NDM-14-producers among all K. pneumoniae sequence type (ST) 147 reported in France since 2014 (n = 431) was performed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, conjugation experiments, clonal relationship and molecular clock analysis were performed. ResultsThe 37 NDM-14 producers recovered in France until 2022 belonged to K. pneumoniae ST147. The dissemination of NDM-14-producing K. pneumoniae was linked to a single clone, likely imported from Morocco and responsible for several outbreaks in France. The gene blaNDM-14 was harboured on a 54 kilobase non-conjugative IncFIB plasmid that shared high homology with a known blaNDM-1-carrying plasmid. Using Bayesian analysis, we estimated that the NDM-14-producing K. pneumoniae ST147 clone appeared in 2020. The evolutionary rate of this clone was estimated to 5.61 single nucleotide polymorphisms per genome per year. The NDM-14 producers were highly resistant to all antimicrobials tested except to colistin, cefiderocol (minimum inhibitory concentration 2 mg/L) and the combination of aztreonam/avibactam. ConclusionHighly resistant NDM-14 producing K. pneumoniae can rapidly spread in healthcare settings. Surveillance and thorough investigations of hospital outbreaks are critical to evaluate and limit the dissemination of this clone.
Læs mereIrene Mileto, Greta Petazzoni, Marta Corbella, Stefano Gaiarsa, Cristina Merla, Angela Kuka, Marina Ramus, Cristina Terulla, Micaela Brandolini, Antonio Piralla, Patrizia Cambieri and Fausto Baldanti
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 20.10.2023
Tilføjet 20.10.2023
New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase (NDM)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kp) ST147 caused a large multi-hospital outbreak in Italy from 2018 to 2021. We describe a new ST6668 NDM-producing Kp clone, belonging to CC147, which rapidly spread across hospitals in the Pavia province (Northern Italy) from February to August 2023. Genomic analyses revealed that ST6668 is different from ST147 and fast evolving. As shown here, genomic surveillance programmes are useful for tracking the spread of new clones with reduced susceptibility to most antibiotics.
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 26.09.2023
Tilføjet 26.09.2023
New research from Northwestern University and the University of Wisconsin, however, is pointing to bacterial pneumonia as the cause of many severe COVID deaths. WebMD Health News
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 22.09.2023
Tilføjet 22.09.2023
A 64-year-old woman diagnosed with pneumonia had abdominal pain, diarrhea, dry cough, and night sweats. A year of inexplicable symptoms ended in an open biopsy and a live, stringlike worm. Medscape Medical News
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 19.09.2023
Tilføjet 19.09.2023
Clinicians should consider all three etiologies on community-acquired pneumonia presentation to improve antimicrobial stewardship and patient outcomes. CDC Expert Commentary
Læs mereCatarina Gouveia, Maria Paula Bajanca-Lavado, Rafael Mamede, Ana Araújo Carvalho, Fernanda Rodrigues, José Melo-Cristino, Mario Ramirez, Ana Friães, Portuguese Group for the Study of Streptococcal Infections and Portuguese Study Group of Pediatric Invasive Streptococcal Disease
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 8.09.2023
Tilføjet 8.09.2023
Since autumn 2022, observed numbers of paediatric invasive group A Streptococcus infections in Portugal (n = 89) were higher than in pre-COVID-19 seasons. Between September 2022 and May 2023, the dominant diagnoses were pneumonia (25/79), mostly with empyema (20/25), and sepsis (22/79). A number of cases required admission to intensive care (27/79) and surgery (35/79), and the case fatality rate was 5.1% (4/79). Genomic sequencing (n = 55) revealed multiple genetic lineages, dominated by the M1UK sublineage (26/55) and more diverse emm12 isolates (12/55).
Læs mereAna Hurtado, Ion I Zendoia, Eva Alonso, Xabier Beraza, Joseba Bidaurrazaga, Blanca Ocabo, Iñaki Arrazola, Aitor Cevidanes, Jesús F Barandika and Ana L García-Pérez
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 14.07.2023
Tilføjet 14.07.2023
We describe a large Q fever outbreak reported in Spain, including 108 cases, 53 with pneumonia and 27 requiring hospitalisations. The first cases were detected in February 2021 among rock climbers visiting a cave in Bizkaia, and the last case was detected in October 2021. Most cases were notified after the Easter holiday (April–May 2021). More males (63.9%) than females (36.1%) were infected (median ages: 42 (1–68) and 39 years (6–61), respectively). We detected Coxiella burnetii by PCR in faecal, dust and/or aerosol samples taken inside the cave in March 2021, and in dust and aerosol samples collected between March 2021 and February 2023. Coxiella burnetii from dust samples were cultured on Vero cells, showing viability for 24 months. Based on serological and genotyping data, goats sheltering in the cave were the most likely source of infection. The cave was closed on 29 April 2021, movements of goats and sheep in the area were restricted (March–July 2021), and the animals were vaccinated in October 2021. Investigation of Q fever outbreaks requires a multidisciplinary One Health approach as these outbreaks can occur in unexpected places like natural sites where animals are present.
Læs mereOskar Ljungquist, Bjørg Haldorsen, Anna Kaarina Pöntinen, Jessin Janice, Ellen Haldis Josefsen, Petter Elstrøm, Oliver Kacelnik, The Norwegian Study Group on CPE, Arnfinn Sundsfjord and Ørjan Samuelsen
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 7.07.2023
Tilføjet 7.07.2023
IntroductionNational and regional carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) surveillance is essential to understand the burden of antimicrobial resistance, elucidate outbreaks, and develop infection-control or antimicrobial-treatment recommendations. AimThis study aimed to describe CPE and their epidemiology in Norway from 2015 to 2021. MethodsA nationwide, population-based observational study of all verified clinical and carriage CPE isolates submitted to the national reference laboratory was conducted. Isolates were characterised by antimicrobial susceptibility testing, whole genome sequencing (WGS) and basic metadata. Annual CPE incidences were also estimated. ResultsA total of 389 CPE isolates were identified from 332 patients of 63 years median age (range: 0–98). These corresponded to 341 cases, 184 (54%) being male. Between 2015 and 2021, the annual incidence of CPE cases increased from 0.6 to 1.1 per 100,000 person-years. For CPE-isolates with available data on colonisation/infection, 58% (226/389) were associated with colonisation and 38% (149/389) with clinical infections. WGS revealed a predominance of OXA-48-like (51%; 198/389) and NDM (34%; 134/389) carbapenemases in a diversified population of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, including high-risk clones also detected globally. Most CPE isolates were travel-related (63%; 245/389). Although local outbreaks and healthcare-associated transmission occurred, no interregional spread was detected. Nevertheless, 18% (70/389) of isolates not directly related to import points towards potentially unidentified transmission routes. A decline in travel-associated cases was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. ConclusionsThe close-to-doubling of CPE case incidence between 2015 and 2021 was associated with foreign travel and genomic diversity. To limit further transmission and outbreaks, continued screening and monitoring is essential.
Læs mereLucie Collineau, Clémence Bourély, Léo Rousset, Anne Berger-Carbonne, Marie-Cécile Ploy, Céline Pulcini and Mélanie Colomb-Cotinat
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 2.06.2023
Tilføjet 2.06.2023
BackgroundInternational organisations are calling for One Health approaches to tackle antimicrobial resistance. In France, getting an overview of the current surveillance system and its level of integration is difficult due to the diversity of surveillance programmes. AimThis study aimed to map and describe all French surveillance programmes for antibiotic resistance (ABR), antibiotic use (ABU) and antibiotic residues, in humans, animals, food and the environment, in 2021. Another objective was to identify integration points, gaps and overlaps in the system. MethodsWe reviewed the literature for surveillance programmes and their descriptions. To further characterise programmes found, semi-directed interviews were conducted with their coordinators. ResultsIn total 48 programmes in the human (n = 35), animal (n = 12), food (n = 3) and/or the environment (n = 1) sectors were identified; 35 programmes focused on ABR, 14 on ABU and two on antibiotic residues. Two programmes were cross-sectoral. Among the 35 ABR programmes, 23 collected bacterial isolates. Bacteria most targeted were Escherichia coli (n = 17 programmes), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 13), and Staphylococcus aureus (n = 12). Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli was monitored by most ABR programmes (15 of 35) in humans, animals and food, and is a good candidate for integrated analyses. ABU indicators were highly variable. Areas poorly covered were the environmental sector, overseas territories, antibiotic-resistant-bacterial colonisation in humans and ABU in companion animals. ConclusionThe French surveillance system appears extensive but has gaps and is highly fragmented. We believe our mapping will interest policymakers and surveillance stakeholders. Our methodology may inspire other countries considering One Health surveillance of ABR.
Læs mereMaria Rödenbeck, Olaniyi Ayobami, Tim Eckmanns, Mathias W Pletz, Jutta Bleidorn and Robby Markwart
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 19.05.2023
Tilføjet 19.05.2023
BackgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is of public health concern worldwide. AimWe aimed to summarise the German AMR situation for clinicians and microbiologists. MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 60 published studies and data from the German Antibiotic-Resistance-Surveillance (ARS). Primary outcomes were AMR proportions in bacterial isolates from infected patients in Germany (2016–2021) and the case fatality rates (2010–2021). Random and fixed (common) effect models were used to calculate pooled proportions and pooled case fatality odds ratios, respectively. ResultsThe pooled proportion of meticillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus infections (MRSA) was 7.9% with a declining trend between 2014 and 2020 (odds ratio (OR) = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.886–0.891; p
Læs mereProMED, 13.05.2023
Tilføjet 13.05.2023
Pneumonia -- IraqFollowing a surge in meningitis cases in Halabjah City and Sulaymaniyah governorate since mid-April 2023, an expert team from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Ministry of Health was deployed to the affected areas to perform a joint epidemiological investigation of the reported cases and develop a swift response plan to curb the transmission of the disease.Preliminary laboratory results from 24 collected samples showed a mixture of bacterial (_Streptococcus pneumoniae_) and viral
Læs mereProMED, 7.05.2023
Tilføjet 7.05.2023
Hospital-Related Infection -- United StatesA bacterial outbreak at Virginia Mason Medical Center in Seattle has sickened 31 patients since October [2022]. Seven of them have since died, but it\'s unknown what caused those deaths -- the infection or the diagnoses that brought them to the hospital in the first place._Klebsiella pneumoniae_ is a bacterium usually found in health care settings, and often resistant to antibiotics. It can cause pneumonia, meningitis, and wound or bloodstream infections.Virginia Mason is working with
Læs mereProMED, 3.05.2023
Tilføjet 3.05.2023
Porcine Circovirus -- United StatesThe latest Swine Disease Reporting System report has some people scratching their heads. For the 1st time in recent memory, porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) jumped into the top 10 most-diagnosed diseases list at the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Lab. At No. 9, it surpassed porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and came in just behind _Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae_.Porcine-circovirus-associated disease (PCVAD) can be caused by any PCV2 strain. When PCVAD 1st showed up in the US in
Læs mereProMED, 30.04.2023
Tilføjet 30.04.2023
Meningitis -- NigeriaBetween 1 Oct 2022 and 16 Apr 2023, Nigeria reported a total of 1686 suspected cases of meningitis, including 124 deaths, for a case fatality ratio (CFR) of 7%.Meningitis is a serious infection of the meninges, the membranes covering the brain and spinal cord. It is a devastating disease and a major public health challenge. _Neisseria meningitidis_ (meningococcus), _Streptococcus pneumoniae_ (pneumococcus), _Haemophilus influenzae_ [serotype b or Hib] and _Streptococcus agalactiae_ (group
Læs mereProMED, 28.04.2023
Tilføjet 28.04.2023
Klebsiella pneumoniae -- United StatesFour patients at a downtown Seattle hospital are dead in connection to an outbreak of a bacterium often found in healthcare settings that has developed resistance to some antibiotics.The [31] infected patients, who contracted _Klebsiella_, were hospitalized in various departments, including inpatient medical beds, an ICU, and an operating room at Virginia Mason Medical Center, the hospital said in a statement released Wednesday [26 Apr 2023].Beginning in October 2022, hospital staff
Læs mereKaren Leth Nielsen, Marc Sørensen, Frederik Boëtius Hertz, Maria Anna Misiakou, Henrik Hasman, Susanne Häussler, Marie Helleberg and Kristian Schønning
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 28.04.2023
Tilføjet 28.04.2023
A hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae SL218 (ST23-KL57), phylogenetically distinct from the classical hypervirulent SL23 (ST23-KL1) lineage, was transmitted between hospitalised patients in Denmark in 2021. The isolate carried a hybrid resistance and virulence plasmid containing blaNDM-1 and a plasmid containing blaOXA-48 (pOXA-48); the latter plasmid was horizontally transferred within-patient to Serratia marcescens. The convergence of drug resistance and virulence factors in single plasmids and in different lineages of K. pneumoniae is concerning and requires surveillance.
Læs mereProMED, 1.04.2023
Tilføjet 1.04.2023
Legionnaires' -- United StatesThe New Jersey Department of Health is conducting an investigation after 7 people contracted Legionnaire's disease -- and 2 have died -- in areas of Mercer County that are served by Trenton Water Works.In announcing the investigation on Monday [27 Mar 2023], officials said that, between October of last year [2022] and this month [March 2023], 7 people throughout Trenton, Ewing Township, Lawrence Township, and Hamilton Township have contracted the disease -- a type of pneumonia. Of the 7
Læs mereProMED, 29.03.2023
Tilføjet 29.03.2023
Meningitis - Strep/Pneumoccocal -- TogoIn a follow-up on the meningitis outbreak in Togo, the Togolese Ministry of Health now reports a total of 123 suspected cases of meningitis reported in the Oti Sud district [Savanes region], including 12 deaths, through 19 Mar 2023.The national reference laboratory confirmed the presence of _Streptococcus pneumoniae_ in 17 cases by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and culture. Nearly 85% of the cases are over 10 years of age, individuals born before the introduction of the pneumococcal
Læs mereEurosurveillance latest updates, 16.03.2023
Tilføjet 18.03.2023
In Finland, all microbiology laboratories notify Legionella findings and physicians notify Legionnaires’ disease (LD) cases to the National Infectious Disease Register. All cases are interviewed, and water samples obtained from potential places of exposure. Legionella isolates from humans and water are compared by whole genome sequencing (WGS). In March 2021, Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 (Lp 1) pneumonia cases increased in one Finnish city (120,000 inhabitants) where single LD cases are detected annually. We identified 12 LD cases, nine living in different residential buildings and three nosocomial, linked by identical human and/or water isolates. Three of these cases were from January 2020, October 2020 and February 2021 and identified retrospectively. Eleven were diagnosed by urinary antigen test, 10 by PCR and five by culture; age ranged between 52 and 85 years, and 10 had underlying diseases. Nine of 12 homes of LD cases and 15 of 26 water samples from the hospital were positive for Lp 1, with concentrations up to 640,000 cfu/L. Water samples from regional storage tanks were negative. Positivity in homes and the hospital suggested inadequate maintenance measures. Enhanced surveillance combined with WGS was crucial in detecting this unusual LD outbreak related to domestic and hospital water systems.
Læs mereProMED, 13.03.2023
Tilføjet 13.03.2023
Hospital-Related Infection -- United StatesIncreased water testing protocols are in effect at The Christ Hospital in Mt. Auburn after 3 patients recently tested positive for the presence of _Legionella_, according to a hospital spokesperson._Legionella_ is 'a common organism routinely found in the public water supply,' the spokesperson said late Friday [10 Mar 2023]. It isn't clear whether those patients are diagnosed with Legionnaires' disease, a serious type of pneumonia caused by _Legionella_ bacteria. The hospital has not
Læs mereProMED, 8.03.2023
Tilføjet 8.03.2023
Q Fever -- A large number of wild [see comment] goats, which have been a long-standing problem for the inhabitants of the small Adriatic island of Unije [of the Cres-Lošinj archipelago] are infected with Q fever.As 'Novi List' writes, tissue samples from dead or shot animals show this, with the note that this infection in humans can cause symptoms similar to flu or pneumonia, and in a small number of cases, damage to the heart, brain, liver, and lungs.According to estimates, there are about 400
Læs mereProMED, 6.03.2023
Tilføjet 6.03.2023
Equine Herpes Virus -- SpainNine horses are receiving 'close monitoring' in hospital in Valencia, 8 of which are showing neurological signs of equine herpesvirus (EHV-1).H&H reported that the organisers of the Mediterranean Equestrian Tour in Oliva Nova, Spain, had cancelled the 2nd part of the showjumping tour (7-26 Feb [2023]) as 4 horses on-site had tested positive for EHV-1. Ten horses, 6 of whom were showing signs of illness, were put in isolation on 21 Feb [2023]. Swabs were taken, 4 of which were positive, 4
Læs mereProMED, 28.01.2023
Tilføjet 28.01.2023
Toxoplasmosis -- United StatesFisk EA, Cassirer EF, Huggler KS, et al. Abortion and neonatal mortality due to _Toxoplasma gondii_ in bighorn sheep (_Ovis canadensis_). J. Wildl. Dis. 2023; . Epub ahead of print.Bighorn sheep have experienced disease driven impact for several years, and thus the health dimension is a very important aspect of their conservation. Many mortality episodes have been caused by bighorn sheep pneumonia, which is mainly caused by _Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae_ (Movi), an exotic disease agent for
Læs mereProMED, 27.01.2023
Tilføjet 27.01.2023
Bovine Pleuropneumonia -- UgandaBovine pleuropneumonia kills 300 cattle in Agago. The disease has been confirmed in 3 sub-counties; Paimol, Laimuto, and Omiya Pachwa, where the majority of farmers were advised to keep their animals in communal kraals [enclosures for cattle or other livestock], to protect them against Karamojong cattle rustlers.--Communicated by:ProMED Rapporteur Mahmoud Orabi['Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) is a disease of cattle and water buffalo caused by _Mycoplasma mycoides_ subsp.
Læs mereEurosurveillance latest updates, 5.01.2023
Tilføjet 6.01.2023
BackgroundSince the beginning of the war in Ukraine in February 2022, Ukrainians have been seeking shelter in other European countries.AimWe aimed to investigate the prevalence and the molecular epidemiology of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative (MDRGN) bacteria and meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Ukrainian patients at admittance to the University Hospital Frankfurt, Germany.MethodsWe performed screening and observational analysis of all patients from March until June 2022. Genomes of MDRGN isolates were analysed for antimicrobial resistance, virulence genes and phylogenetic relatedness.ResultsWe included 103 patients (median age: 39 ± 23.7 years), 57 of whom were female (55.3%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 45.2–5.1). Patients were most frequently admitted to the Department of Paediatrics (29/103; 28.2%; 95% CI: 19.7–37.9). We found 34 MDRGN isolates in 17 of 103 patients (16.5%; 95% CI: 9.9–25.1). Ten patients carried 21 carbapenem-resistant (CR) bacteria, five of them more than one CR isolate. Four of six patients with war-related injuries carried eight CR isolates. In six of 10 patients, CR isolates caused infections. Genomic characterisation revealed that the CR isolates harboured at least one carbapenemase gene, blaNDM-1 being the most frequent (n = 10). Core genome and plasmid analysis revealed no epidemiological connection between most of these isolates. Hypervirulence marker genes were found in five of six Klebsiella pneumoniae CR isolates. No MRSA was found.ConclusionHospitals should consider infection control strategies to cover the elevated prevalence of MDRGN bacteria in Ukrainian patients with war-related injuries and/or hospital pre-treatment and to prevent the spread of hypervirulent CR isolates.
Læs mereProMED, 23.12.2022
Tilføjet 23.12.2022
Strep -- United StatesAbstract---------'Based on a survey sent to 7 Dutch hospitals, we observed a substantial increase in invasive group A streptococcal infections in children in the Netherlands, comparing the pre-COVID-19 pandemic cohort of 2018-2019 to 2021-2022. The most affected age group were children between 0-5 years. Main diagnosis was pneumonia with empyema. Necrotizing fasciitis and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome were also reported in 11% and 7%, respectively. A significant number was admitted to
Læs mere