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ECDC
ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report, 9.11.2024
Tilføjet 9.11.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 2-8 November 2024 and includes updates on avian influenza, Middle East respiratory virus syndrome, West Nile virus, dengue, mpox, Marburg virus disease, and an overview or respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA.
Læs mereMarco Del Riccio, Marta C Nunes, Benjamin J Cowling, Bruno Lina, John W McCauley, Adam Meijer , Hanna Nohynek, Bronke Boudewijns and Saverio Caini
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 8.11.2024
Tilføjet 8.11.2024
The COVID-19 pandemic and related preventive measures reduced influenza virus circulation, notably causing the disappearance of the B/Yamagata lineage of influenza viruses. In this Perspective, we discuss the implications that this development may have for global influenza epidemiology, and the adjustments that may need to be implemented concerning surveillance strategies and practices, laboratory safety protocols, and influenza vaccine formulations. The disappearance of the B/Yamagata lineage might indeed alter the dynamics of the influenza disease burden (although in a way that is difficult to predict at the moment), and associated diagnostic practices, and may also necessitate updated biosafety levels and revised influenza surveillance strategies. Furthermore, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended in September 2023 the exclusion of B/Yamagata antigens from future vaccines, with a shift towards trivalent vaccines or modified quadrivalent vaccines; this new scenario underscores the importance of robust global respiratory virus surveillance, effective communication with healthcare professionals and the population to maintain trust in vaccines, and a collaborative approach among health policymakers and vaccine manufacturers to navigate this epidemiological change.
Læs mereMary A Sinnathamby, Tania Bourouphael, Jacob Boateng, Magali Collonnaz, Catherine Quinot, Nurin Abdul Aziz, Suzanne Elgohari, Rebecca E Green, Gavin Dabrera, Jamie Lopez-Bernal and Alex Allen
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 8.11.2024
Tilføjet 8.11.2024
We developed a new activity level setting threshold method, the mean standard deviation (MSD) method to quantify COVID-19 activity levels. This has been validated against the moving epidemic method (MEM), which has been used for influenza for many years, and we observed very similar results. The MSD method can prove to be a tool to use for respiratory viruses with limited historical data or seasonality to quantify activity levels when other respiratory viruses are also circulating.
Læs mereMorbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 7.11.2024
Tilføjet 7.11.2024
This report describes serologic testing to identify recent highly pathogenic avian influenza infections among dairy workers in two states.
Læs mereMorbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 7.11.2024
Tilføjet 7.11.2024
This report describes dairy farmworkers in Colorado who were interviewed about PPE use during work activities around cows infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza.
Læs mereMirjam B H M Duijvestijn, Nancy N M P Schuurman, Johannes C M Vernooij, Michelle A J M van Leeuwen, Judith M A van den Brand, Jaap A Wagenaar, Frank J M van Kuppeveld, Herman F Egberink, Cornelis A M de Haan and Josanne H Verhagen
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 1.11.2024
Tilføjet 1.11.2024
BackgroundHighly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5Nx and human H1N1pdm2009 influenza viruses can infect cats. Infections in cats may result in viral adaptations or recombinant viruses, which may facilitate zoonotic transfer. AimWe aimed to investigate the presence of HPAI H5 clade 2.3.4.4 and H1 influenza viruses and antibodies to these viruses in domestic and rural stray cats in the Netherlands and factors associated with exposure. MethodsSera from stray and domestic cats, sampled 2020–2023, were analysed by ELISA and confirmed by hemagglutination inhibition assay (HAI) and pharyngeal swabs and lung tissue for influenza A virus by RT-qPCR. ResultsIn 701 stray cats, 83 (11.8%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 9.5–14.5) sera were positive for HPAI H5 and 65 findings were confirmed. In HAI, two sera were positive for both HPAI H5 and H1. In 871 domestic cats, four (0.46%; 95% CI: 0.13–1.2) sera were HPAI H5 positive and none were confirmed but 40 (4.6%; 95% CI: 3.3–6.2) sera were seropositive for H1 and 26 were confirmed. Stray cats living in nature reserves (odds ratio (OR) = 5.4; 95% CI: 1.5–20.1) and older cats (OR = 3.8; 95% CI: 2.7–7.1) were more likely to be HPAI H5 seropositive. No influenza A virus was detected in 230 cats. ConclusionThe higher HPAI H5 seroprevalence in stray cats compared with domestic cats suggests more frequent viral exposure, most likely due to foraging on wild birds. In contrast, exposure to H1 was more common in domestic cats compared with stray cats.
Læs mereECDC
ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report, 1.11.2024
Tilføjet 1.11.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 26 October – 1 November 2024 and includes updates on the severe flooding in Eastern Spain, SARS-CoV-2 variants, avian influenza A(H5N1), West Nile Virus infection, dengue, mpox, Marburg virus disease (MVD), and Oropouche virus disease.
Læs mereMorbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 1.11.2024
Tilføjet 1.11.2024
This report describes influenza vaccination and COVID-19 vaccination coverage among health care personnel during the 2023-24 respiratory virus season (October 1, 2023-March 31, 2024).
Læs mereMorbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 1.11.2024
Tilføjet 1.11.2024
This report describes influenza hospitalization rates among pregnant and postpartum women in China with influenza.
Læs mereECDC
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 31.10.2024
Tilføjet 31.10.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 26 October – 1 November 2024 and includes updates on the severe flooding in Eastern Spain, SARS-CoV-2 variants, avian influenza A(H5N1), West Nile Virus infection, dengue, mpox, Marburg virus disease (MVD), and Oropouche virus disease.
Læs mereMorbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 30.10.2024
Tilføjet 30.10.2024
This report summarizes FluSurv-NET data from the 2010-11 through 2022-23 influenza seasons.
Læs mereECDC
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 29.10.2024
Tilføjet 29.10.2024
Seasonal influenza and COVID-19 vaccination uptake for risk groups such as the elderly were sub-optimal in several EU/EEA Member States during the 2023-2024 season, according to two reports released today by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC).
Læs mereECDC
ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report, 26.10.2024
Tilføjet 26.10.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 19-25 October 2024 and includes updates on avian influenza A(H5N1), Marburg virus disease, Mpox, dengue, West Nile virus infections, cholera and an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA.
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 19.10.2024
Tilføjet 19.10.2024
Europe’s drug regulator recommended two novel vaccines for influenza alongside updated composition for two COVID-19 vaccines previously approved by the EC. Medscape Medical News
Læs mereECDC
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 19.10.2024
Tilføjet 19.10.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 12-18 October 2024 and includes updates on cVDPV2 in wastewater in Spain, cVDPV3 in environmental samples in French Guiana, avian influenza, Marburg virus disease, mpox, Wst Nile virus, dengue, poliomyelitis, and an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA.
Læs mereECDC
ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report, 18.10.2024
Tilføjet 18.10.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 12-18 October 2024 and includes updates on cVDPV2 in wastewater in Spain, cVDPV3 in environmental samples in French Guiana, avian influenza, Marburg virus disease, mpox, Wst Nile virus, dengue, poliomyelitis, and an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA.
Læs mereTimothée Vergne, Mathilde C Paul, Claire Guinat, Mattias Delpont, Brandon H Hayes, Sébastien Lambert , Jean-Pierre Vaillancourt and Jean-Luc Guérin
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 18.10.2024
Tilføjet 18.10.2024
The emergence of clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses in 2021 has led to unprecedented epidemics in poultry, changing epidemiological patterns of year-round infections in resident wild avifauna and more frequent spill-over events to mammals. Given this situation, it is important that we recognise that traditional HPAI management strategies are no longer sufficient, and policy changes are required. Poultry vaccination has emerged as a crucial intervention in the current control of HPAI, as evidenced by France\'s nationwide campaign targeting domestic ducks. However, due to the logistical challenges and potential trade implications of vaccination, broader structural reforms appear also necessary. These include a shift from farm-level to territorial-level biosecurity approaches, putting into practice the concept of ‘regional biosecurity’. Given the role duck farm density has played in successive HPAI epidemics in France, there is a need to think about the spatial distribution of poultry farms as a structural component of regional biosecurity and to consider the reduction of farm concentration as a measure to prevent viral spread. The integration of regional biosecurity and poultry vaccination into prevention strategies should impact the way poultry are produced and traded in the future.
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 17.10.2024
Tilføjet 17.10.2024
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has put on hold a trial of Novavax\'s COVID-influenza and its standalone flu vaccines after a participant who took the combination shot... Reuters Health Information
Læs mereECDC
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 12.10.2024
Tilføjet 12.10.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 5-11 October 2024 and includes updates on measles, mpox, avian influenza, West Nile virus, dengue, Marburg virus disease, a new strain of multidrug-resistant Shigella Sonnei ST152, and an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA.
Læs mereECDC
ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report, 12.10.2024
Tilføjet 12.10.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 5-11 October 2024 and includes updates on measles, mpox, avian influenza, West Nile virus, dengue, Marburg virus disease, a new strain of multidrug-resistant Shigella Sonnei ST152, and an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA.
Læs mereStatens Serum Institut, 11.10.2024
Tilføjet 11.10.2024
Medscape Infectious Diseases, 10.10.2024
Tilføjet 10.10.2024
Linda Girgis, MD, shares the World Health Organization\'s latest clinical practice guidelines for influenza for the 2024-2025 season and best practices to consider for primary care physicians. MDedge
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 10.10.2024
Tilføjet 10.10.2024
The CDC said the influenza vaccine being used this flu season might be less effective than the one used last flu season. WebMD Health News
Læs mereECDC
ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report, 5.10.2024
Tilføjet 5.10.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 28 September - 4 October 2024 and includes updates on Marburg virus disease, Mpox, avian influenza A(H5N1) human cases, an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA, West Nile virus, dengue, SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, and chikungunya.
Læs mereBrechje de Gier, Jan van de Kassteele, Liselotte van Asten, Annelot F Schoffelen, ISIS-AR study group, Mariette Hooiveld, Margreet JM te Wierik, Nina M van Sorge and Hester E de Melker
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 5.10.2024
Tilføjet 5.10.2024
BackgroundAfter most COVID-19 pandemic control measures were lifted in 2022, many infectious diseases re-emerged. An increase in invasive group A streptococcal (iGAS) infections among adults and young children was reported by several countries. Viral infections including influenza and varicella, known risk factors for iGAS infection, also increased. AimTo estimate the proportion of GAS skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) and pneumonia/sepsis in children (≤ 5 years) attributable to varicella, and the proportion of GAS pneumonia/sepsis in children and adults attributable to potentially predisposing respiratory viruses influenza A and B, RSV, hMPV and SARS-CoV-2 in the Netherlands. MethodsWe performed time series regression using weekly data on respiratory viruses, varicella and non-invasive GAS infections and GAS isolates cultured from blood, lower airways, skin, pus and wounds, from January 2010 to March 2023. ResultsIn 2010–19, 50% (95% CI: 36–64) of GAS SSTI in children were attributable to varicella. Between January 2022 and March 2023, 34% (95% CI: 24–43) of GAS SSTI cases were attributable to varicella. Of iGAS pneumonia/sepsis between January 2022 and March 2023, 34% (95% CI: 20–49) and 25% (95% CI: 18–32) was attributable to respiratory virus infections in children and adults, respectively, with the largest contributor (17%) being influenza A. ConclusionsPredisposing viral infections likely contributed to, but cannot fully explain, the observed iGAS increase among children and adults in 2022–23 in the Netherlands. Public health measures to control viral infections, such as vaccination against varicella or influenza, might reduce the iGAS disease burden.
Læs mereAlex Bossers, Myrna MT de Rooij, Isabella van Schothorst, Francisca C Velkers and Lidwien AM Smit
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 5.10.2024
Tilføjet 5.10.2024
BackgroundOutbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) on poultry farms and in wild birds worldwide persists despite intensified control measures. It causes unprecedented mortality in bird populations and is increasingly affecting mammalian species. Better understanding of HPAI introduction pathways into farms are needed for targeted disease prevention and control. The relevance of airborne transmission has been suggested but research involving air sampling is limited and unequivocal evidence on transmission routes is lacking. AimWe aimed to investigate whether HPAI virus from wild birds can enter poultry houses through air inlets by characterising host materials through eukaryote DNA sequencing. MethodsWe collected particulate matter samples in and around three HPAI-affected poultry farms which were cleared and decontaminated before sampling. Indoor measurements (n = 61) were taken directly in the airflow entering through air inlets, while outdoor air samples (n = 60) were collected around the poultry house. Positive controls were obtained from a bird rehabilitation shelter. We performed metabarcoding on environmental DNA by deep sequencing 18S rRNA gene amplicons. ResultsWe detected waterbird DNA in air inside all three, and outside of two, poultry farms. Sequences annotated at species level included swans and tufted ducks. Waterbird DNA was present in all indoor and outdoor air samples from the bird shelter. ConclusionAirborne matter derived from contaminated wild birds can potentially introduce HPAI virus to poultry houses through air inlets. The eDNA metabarcoding could assess breaches in biosecurity for HPAI virus and other pathogens potentially transmitted through air via detection of their hosts.
Læs mereGloria Pérez-Gimeno, Clara Mazagatos, Nicola Lorusso, Luca Basile, Isabel Martínez-Pino, Francisca Corpas Burgos, Noa Batalla Rebolla, Mercedes B Rumayor Zarzuelo, Blanca Andreu Ivorra, Jaume Giménez Duran, Daniel Castrillejo, Inés Guiu Cañete, Marta Huerta Huerta, Marta García Becerril, Violeta Ramos Marín, Inmaculada Casas, Francisco Pozo, Susana Monge and the SiVIRA group
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 5.10.2024
Tilføjet 5.10.2024
During 2023/24, all children aged 6 to 59 months were targeted for seasonal influenza vaccination in Spain nationally. Using a test-negative case–control design with sentinel surveillance data, we estimated adjusted influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) against any influenza type to be 70% (95% confidence interval (CI): 51 to 81%) for primary care patients with acute respiratory illness (ARI) and 77% (95% CI: 21 to 93%) for hospitalised patients with severe ARI. In primary care, where most subtyped viruses (61%; 145/237) were A(H1N1), adjusted IVE was 77% (95% CI: 56 to 88%) against A(H1N1)pdm09.
Læs mereECDC
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 4.10.2024
Tilføjet 4.10.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 28 September - 4 October 2024 and includes updates on Marburg virus disease, Mpox, avian influenza A(H5N1) human cases, an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA, West Nile virus, dengue, SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, and chikungunya.
Læs mereMorbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 4.10.2024
Tilføjet 4.10.2024
This report describes the effectiveness of the seasonal influenza vaccine in five South American countries.
Læs mereStatens Serum Institut, 1.10.2024
Tilføjet 1.10.2024
Statens Serum Institut påviser, at covid-19 har været forbundet med mere end dobbelt så mange indlæggelser og dødsfald set i forhold til influenza.
Læs mereECDC
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 28.09.2024
Tilføjet 28.09.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 21-27 September 2024 and includes updates on mpox, dengue, West Nile virus, avian influenza, influenza, swine influenza, cholera, poliomyelitis, and an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA.
Læs mereECDC
ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report, 27.09.2024
Tilføjet 27.09.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 21-27 September 2024 and includes updates on mpox, dengue, West Nile virus, avian influenza, influenza, swine influenza, cholera, poliomyelitis, and an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA.
Læs mereEeva K Broberg, Olov Svartström, Maximilian Riess, Annette Kraus, Maja Vukovikj, Angeliki Melidou and Members of the European Reference Laboratory Network for Human Influenza (ERLI-Net)
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 27.09.2024
Tilføjet 27.09.2024
BackgroundInfluenza viruses can cause large seasonal epidemics with high healthcare impact and severity as they continually change their virological properties such as genetic makeup over time. AimWe aimed to monitor the characteristics of circulating influenza viruses over the 2022/23 influenza season in the EU/EEA countries. In addition, we wanted to compare how closely the circulating viruses resemble the viral components selected for seasonal influenza vaccines, and whether the circulating viruses had acquired resistance to commonly used antiviral drugs. MethodsWe performed a descriptive analysis of the influenza virus detections and characterisations reported by National Influenza Centres (NIC) from the 30 EU/EEA countries from week 40/2022 to week 39/2023 to The European Surveillance System (TESSy) as part of the Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS). ResultsIn the EU/EEA countries, the 2022/23 influenza season was characterised by co-circulation of A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B/Victoria-lineage viruses. The genetic evolution of these viruses continued and clade 6B.1A.5a.2a of A(H1N1)pdm09, 3C.2a1b.2a.2b of A(H3N2) and V1A.3a.2 of B/Victoria viruses dominated. Influenza B/Yamagata-lineage viruses were not reported. DiscussionThe World Health Organization (WHO) vaccine composition recommendation for the northern hemisphere 2023/24 season reflects the European virus evolution, with a change of the A(H1N1)pdm09 component, while keeping the A(H3N2) and B/Victoria-lineage components unchanged.
Læs mereECDC
ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report, 21.09.2024
Tilføjet 21.09.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 14-20 September 2024 and includes updates on severe floods in Central and Eastern Europe, Mpox, West Nile virus, avian influenza A(H5N1), and an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA.
Læs mereStatens Serum Institut, 20.09.2024
Tilføjet 20.09.2024
Repræsentanter fra 22 lande i Europa samt ECDC og WHO mødes i denne uge i København til en 3-dages workshop for at udveksle erfaringer og diskutere nye metoder og muligheder til overvågning af overdødelighed under epidemier som covid-19 og influenza.
Læs mereMorbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 19.09.2024
Tilføjet 19.09.2024
This report describes levels of influenza A virus and the H5 subtype detected in wastewater in some states.
Læs mereECDC
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 18.09.2024
Tilføjet 18.09.2024
This Reporting Protocol describes data collection for influenza, COVID-19, and other respiratory viruses (such as RSV or new viruses of public health concern) in the EU/EEA and wider WHO European Region. Data collection is integrated for most datasets in line with the operational considerations for respiratory virus surveillance in Europe.
Læs mereECDC
ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report, 14.09.2024
Tilføjet 14.09.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 7- 13 September 2024 and includes updates on respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA, West Nile virus, mpox, measles, Avian influenza, dengue and mass gathering monitoring for the Olympic and Paralympic Games.
Læs mereMorbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 13.09.2024
Tilføjet 13.09.2024
This report describes the Advisory Committe on Immunization Practices recommendation for use of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine for American Indian and Alaska Native infants.
Læs mereMedscape Infectious Diseases, 13.09.2024
Tilføjet 13.09.2024
British drugmaker GSK announced on Thursday positive results from a mid-stage trial of its seasonal influenza vaccine programme using the messenger RNA (mRNA) technology,... Reuters Health Information
Læs mereStatens Serum Institut, 12.09.2024
Tilføjet 12.09.2024
Statens Serum Institut (SSI) er i fuld gang med at udsende invitationer til vaccination mod influenza og covid-19 til alle, der er fyldt 65 år. SSI sikrer også, at vaccinerne leveres, så vaccinationsstederne er klar den 1. oktober, hvor vaccinationsperioden begynder.
Læs mereECDC
ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report, 7.09.2024
Tilføjet 7.09.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 31 August - 6 September 2024 and includes updates on mpox, West Nile virus, SARS-CoV-2 variants, influenza A(H5N1), human cases of swine influenza A(H1N1), an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA, and mass gathering monitoring for the Olympic and Paralympic Games.
Læs mereECDC
ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report, 7.09.2024
Tilføjet 7.09.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 31 August - 6 September 2024 and includes updates on mpox, West Nile virus, SARS-CoV-2 variants, influenza A(H5N1), human cases of swine influenza A(H1N1), an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA, and mass gathering monitoring for the Olympic and Paralympic Games.
Læs mereECDC
ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report, 7.09.2024
Tilføjet 7.09.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 31 August - 6 September 2024 and includes updates on mpox, West Nile virus, SARS-CoV-2 variants, influenza A(H5N1), human cases of swine influenza A(H1N1), an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA, and mass gathering monitoring for the Olympic and Paralympic Games.
Læs mereECDC
ECDC COVID-19 updates, 7.09.2024
Tilføjet 7.09.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 31 August - 6 September 2024 and includes updates on mpox, West Nile virus, SARS-CoV-2 variants, influenza A(H5N1), human cases of swine influenza A(H1N1), an overview of respiratory virus epidemiology in the EU/EEA, and mass gathering monitoring for the Olympic and Paralympic Games.
Læs mereWilliam H Elson, Gavin Jamie, Rashmi Wimalaratna, Anna Forbes, Meredith Leston, Cecilia Okusi, Rachel Byford, Utkarsh Agrawal, Dan Todkill, Alex J Elliot, Conall Watson, Maria Zambon, Roger Morbey, Jamie Lopez Bernal, FD Richard Hobbs and Simon de Lusignan
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 30.08.2024
Tilføjet 30.08.2024
IntroductionRespiratory sentinel surveillance systems leveraging computerised medical records (CMR) use phenotyping algorithms to identify cases of interest, such as acute respiratory infection (ARI). The Oxford-Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC) is the English primary care-based sentinel surveillance network. AimThis study describes and validates the RSC’s new ARI phenotyping algorithm. MethodsWe developed the phenotyping algorithm using a framework aligned with international interoperability standards. We validated our algorithm by comparing ARI events identified during the 2022/23 influenza season in England through use of both old and new algorithms. We compared clinical codes commonly used for recording ARI. ResultsThe new algorithm identified an additional 860,039 cases and excluded 52,258, resulting in a net increase of 807,781 cases (33.84%) of ARI compared to the old algorithm, with totals of 3,194,224 cases versus 2,386,443 cases. Of the 860,039 newly identified cases, the majority (63.7%) were due to identification of symptom codes suggestive of an ARI diagnosis not detected by the old algorithm. The 52,258 cases incorrectly identified by the old algorithm were due to inadvertent identification of chronic, recurrent, non-infectious and other non-ARI disease. ConclusionWe developed a new ARI phenotyping algorithm that more accurately identifies cases of ARI from the CMR. This will benefit public health by providing more accurate surveillance reports to public health authorities. This new algorithm can serve as a blueprint for other CMR-based surveillance systems wishing to develop similar phenotyping algorithms.
Læs mereMorbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 29.08.2024
Tilføjet 29.08.2024
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR), 27.08.2024
Tilføjet 27.08.2024
ECDC
ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report, 24.08.2024
Tilføjet 24.08.2024
This issue of the ECDC Communicable Disease Threats Report (CDTR) covers the period 17-23 August 2024 and includes updates on Mpox, dengue, West Nile virus, Legionnaires\' disease, influenza A(H5N1), poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2), mass gathering monitoring of the Olympic and Paralympic Games in France, and poliomyelitis.
Læs merePhillip Zucs, Julien Beauté, Daniel Palm and Gianfranco Spiteri
Eurosurveillance latest updates, 23.08.2024
Tilføjet 23.08.2024
This perspective summarises and explains the long-term surveillance framework 2021–2027 for infectious diseases in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) published in April 2023. It shows how shortcomings in the areas of public health focus, vigilance and resilience will be addressed through specific strategies in the coming years and how these strategies will lead to stronger surveillance systems for early detection and monitoring of public health threats as well as informing their effective prevention and control. A sharper public health focus is expected from a more targeted list of notifiable diseases, strictly public-health-objective-driven surveillance standards, and consequently, leaner surveillance systems. Vigilance should improve through mandatory event reporting, more automated epidemic intelligence processing and increased use of genomic surveillance. Finally, EU/EEA surveillance systems should become more resilient by modernising the underlying information technology infrastructure, expanding the influenza sentinel surveillance system to other respiratory viruses for better pandemic preparedness, and increasingly exploiting potentially more robust alternative data sources, such as electronic health records and wastewater surveillance. Continued close collaboration across EU/EEA countries will be key to ensuring the full implementation of this surveillance framework and more effective disease prevention and control.
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