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Introduction In contrast to countries where carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) are endemic, only sporadic cases were reported in Switzerland until 2013. An aggravation of the epidemiological situation in neighbouring European countries indicated the need for a surveillance study in Switzerland. Aim We aimed to describe CPE distributions in Switzerland and identify epidemiological factors associated with changes in incidence. Methods Data on all human CPE isolates from 2013 to 2018 were collected by the Swiss Centre for Antibiotic Resistance (ANRESIS) and analysed for temporal and regional trends by Generalised Poisson regression. Isolates associated with infection or colonisation were included in a primary analysis; a secondary analysis included invasive isolates only. Statistical detection of regional clusters was performed with WHONET/SaTScan. Results We analysed 731 CPE isolates, of which 325 (44.5%) were associated with screenings and 173 (23.7%) with infections. Yearly detection of CPE isolates increased considerably during the study period from 65 to 212. The most frequently isolated species were Klebsiella pneumoniae (54%) and Escherichia coli (28%). The most frequent genotypes were OXA-48 (43%), KPC (21%) and NDM (14%). In contrast to the French-speaking parts of Switzerland (West, Geneva) where OXA-48 were the predominant genotypes (around 60%), KPC was the most frequently detected genotype in the Italian-speaking region (63%). WHONET/SaTScan outbreak detection analysis identified seven clusters in five regions of Switzerland. Conclusions In a first continuous surveillance of CPE in Switzerland, we found that the epidemiological situation aggravated nationwide and that regional patterns of CPE genotypes mirrored the situation in neighbouring European countries.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus -- Australia"RSV typically circulates during winter in temperate climates, much like influenza. "It's the major cause of lung infections in children, commonly causing bronchiolitis. Symptoms of RSV include a runny nose, cough, reduced feeding and fever. Complications include wheezing and difficulty breathing, which can develop into pneumonia. "Severe cases occasionally lead to death, predominantly in very young infants. "Almost all children have had an RSV infection by age 2, but infants in their…

This report describes death rates for influenza and pneumonia among urban and rural counties.

Avian Influenza H5N6 -- ChinaHong Kong health officials are monitoring a human case of avian influenza A(H5N6) in Guangxi in southern China. The case involved a 50-year-old man living in Hechi in Guangxi. He developed symptoms on [16 Feb 2021] and was admitted for treatment on [17 Feb 2021] due to severe pneumonia. The patient passed away on [2 Mar 2021]. From 2014 to date, 30 human cases of avian influenza A(H5N6) have been reported by China mainland health authorities. Avian influenza is caused by those influenza…

Equine Herpes Virus -- SpainAlready 12 horses died because of the EHV-1 outbreak in Valencia. According to the latest FEI updates, 8 horses are German. Three German horses died in Valencia. In Germany, another 4 horses died, related to the EHV-1 outbreak in Valencia. --Communicated by:ProMED from HealthMap Alerts ******[2]Date: Wed 17 Mar 2021Source: Horsetalk [edited] The official toll of the European EHV-1 outbreak is now 17, with the deaths of 3 more horses in Germany, 2 in Belgium, and an…

Equine Herpes Virus -- SpainIn recent days, many cases of the equine virus EHV-1 have been identified across Europe, leading to the cancellation of several equestrian competitions. It has since been confirmed that a case has been reported in the Grand Duchy. The Luxembourg Ministry of Agriculture announced the discovery of the 1st case to be found in the Grand Duchy on Tue 9 Mar [2021]. The Administration of Veterinary Services has stated that the virus is not transmissible from animals to humans. In the event of…

Maricopa County Department of Public Health in Arizona investigated a cluster of two genetically similar antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections in residents of the ventilator-capable unit of a skilled nursing facility to look for health care-associated bacterial spread.

Rapid identification of a suspected case of pneumonic plague in the remote West Nile region of Uganda and the timely response by well-trained Ugandan health officials in the form of contact tracing, antibiotic prophylaxis, and community education prevented any additional cases of plague from occurring.

In December of 2018, Wyoming identified the state's first case of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) containing mcr-1, which is a gene that can make bacteria resistant to colistin, a drug that can be the last resort for some multidrug-resistant infections like CRE.

During July and August 2019, five patients were identified at two hospitals in North Carolina with acute lung injury potentially associated with e-cigarette use.

On December 31, 2018, Public Health --- Seattle & King County (PHSKC) was notified by the Antibiotic Resistance Laboratory Network regarding a carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-Kp) isolate cultured from the urinary tract in a man aged 65 years.

In 2018, CDC was notified about students hospitalized for pneumonia of unknown etiology after returning from Mexico.